The yeUnited mutemo pamusoro vehurumende of Russian Federation

The Russian pamutemo hurongwa zvakatangwa Institute of vatongi. Ndezvipi zvinhu zvayo? Chii nemirau inodzora mabasa kuMudzidzisi nezvakatongwa masangano?

Chii Institute of vatongi?

Tisati takurukura kuti chii mutemo pamusoro vatongi muRussia, kudzidza zvimwe zviri kuitwa zviri pamutemo akakodzera.

Kutanga, zvinokosha kuziva kuti vatongi vari kushanda pachiyero wokutanga Somuenzaniso. chikuru specialization kwavo - Kukurukura kukakavadzana chokuita mhosva pasina kukuvadza, uye pfuma anozviti ane diki mari. Mumwe zvinangwa kwokurapa mapato nharo ane sangano kungava mhedziso chibvumirano - nomutemo chiito pamusoro kuziva vechikamu yokupira ukama kusavapo yakawiriranwa nezvenhamba.

The mitemo of Russian Federation iri mumatare vatongi '

Ngatichikurukurai nzira iyo mabasa kuMudzidzisi pamutemo zvikoro kudzorwa mutemo Russian. Kwainyanya mutemo pano - Federal Mutemo 188-FL "On vatongi 'kushandisa 17.12.1998 gore. It inodzora zvavo zvose kiyi nuances zvesangano basa vatongi, uye kuti ave nechokwadi chokuti basa nhengo masangano. Kutaura zvazviri, ndiye zvose mutemo pamusoro kugadzwa vatongi uye chiito chepamutemo kuti inorondedzera wenharaunda yaitongwa nyaya kuzviremera zvakakodzera, uyewo tsime mitemo inorondedzera nzira iyo masimba nemasangano aya anoparadzirwa munharaunda yakakura.

zvino isu kuongorora muudzame chikuru zvokudya Federal Mutemo № 188.

Kutsunga vehurumende maererano mutemo

Mutemo pamusoro vehurumende inokurukura yakakodzera nomutemo sangano kune vanhuwo matare, izvo anoshanda ufanane RF vaanotonga, uye nokudaro tiri chikamu nezvakatongwa ezvinhu ehurumende. murau uyu rine mutauro umo masimba uye nzira basa vatongi, uyewo nzira dzekuziva kuti pave nzvimbo dzavo takatsunga nebumbiro remitemo Russia, Rinoongorora Kutevedzerwa kweBumbiro Romutemo Mutemo "On the Pakutonga System" uye dzimwe pamutemo manyuko panguva yeUnited pachiyero, apo nzira kugadzwa, uyewo Implementation mabasa kwevatongi risimbiswe pachiyero pamutemo mabasa ari nyaya.

Muchiitiko chino, pane kwematunhu pamutemo mudziyo kana munhu pamutemo tsime pa FL haafaniri kusanganisira mutauro kuti zvinopesana kuti rine yeUnited mutemo yepamutemo. On vatongi Nyanzvi ano gakava sangano repamutemo sei kukosha, saka unogona yaidzorwa panguva soro pachiyero nezviito mutemo Russian. Asi zvakadaro inokosha mari urongwa wedare mabasa akakodzera masangano vari kuramba ari Federal Law nhamba 188.

Mutemo pamusoro vehurumende mu Russia rine mutauro mairi vaya zvisarudzo vatora pachiyero tsika zvemitemo, uye chinzvimbo wakapinda simba, uyewo mamwe mabasa normative dzamavanze dzinoshanda masimba ose Russian, masangano, vanhu uye pamutemo masangano uye Naizvozvo unofanira kuitwa nezuva nharaunda yose Russian Federation.

Maererano Federal Law # 188 veDare rugare, uyewo nhengo dzavo vanofanira kuva vimbiso chokuita mamiriro vagari, kushanda pamwero vaiona sangano repamutemo. Zviri pamusoro inopikira: dare rusununguko, kuvimbika, zvinhu rutsigiro, vatsigirane.

Nokudzidza zvakaita kukwanisa vatongi anosimbisa mitemo yacho Russian Federation. Kumusoro tinoona kuti nhamba Federal Mutemo 188 - zviri chaizvoizvo mutemo wenharaunda yaitongwa vehurumende. Rakanga munzvimbo yake yakajeka chinoumba competencies kuti vamiririri akakodzera zviremera.

ari kugona evatongi

The yeUnited mutemo pamusoro vehurumende № 188-FL hwakagara zvinotevera panotaurwa kuti vamiririri zviitiko mubvunzo:

• mhosva chokuita mhosva yokuti vane kusvika 3 years mujeri - maererano zvokudya Art. 31 Code pamusoro Criminal Procedure ;
• nyaya chokuita kunyoresa dare rikati;
• kusawirirana pamusoro kurambana - kana pasina kusiyana vakaroorana panyaya vana;
• nokukakavara pamusoro pakugoverwa pfuma pakati vawanani, kukosha asingasvavi pfuura 50 000 rubles;
• Other nyaya dzinomuka munzvimbo ukama hwemhuri, kunze kwevaya chokuita kudzivirira kodzero ubaba kana maternity, kugadzwa runoenzanirana kodzero kana kusasangana kana akavarambidza wokugamuchirwa kana vakagamuchirwa vana, uyewo akarondedzera zvimwe mapoka vana mibvunzo pamusoro kuziva muchato pakati zvizvarwa ose rakadzima;
• Property kusawirirana pakati vagari, kunze nyaya nhaka, uyewo zvinhu kuti vari kungoerekana rezvedzidzo basa - akapa kuti kukosha vanoti asingadi pfuura 50 000 rubles;
• nyaya chokuita nokutangwa muhurongwa kushandisa ichi kana zvimwe pfuma;
• dzine chokuita nomutemo administrative apo avo ongororo chokuita kukwanisa mutemo wedzimhosva zvakananga.

Kunze pamusoro pamazita competencies kuti utongi ari kuumbwa kupfungwa pamutemo uyu, mutemo unogona kunzi zvimwe zviitiko. Mutemo pamusoro vehurumende RF rinewo mashoko maererano iyo kumatare panguva yakakodzera pamwero anogona kunzi nyaya pasi idzva ezvinhu kana kuti kare mvumo uye akapinda nechisimba dzimwe sarudzo pakutanga Somuenzaniso. Judge, rinomiririra Institute of Law, mune mubvunzo, tichifunga kupokana kuti kuwa mukati kugona kwayo yoga.

zvino isu kudzidza nzira iyo mitemo Russian inodzora munzvimbo anoshanda matare vehurumende '.

Pakutonga mumaruwa Pavazhe mitemo yenyika

Federal Law № 188, sezvataona kumusoro - mutemo pamusoro pakagadzwa nzvimbo vehurumende. Chii anotonga rinosanganisira murau pamusoro sangano kuMudzidzisi masangano?

It anosarudza kuti basa vatongi, rinomirira sangano repamutemo akakodzera, kunze mukati hwakagadzwa miganhu imwe nzvimbo pamusoro yoga nzvimbo. Mutemo pamusoro vehurumende rine mashoko maererano izvo uwandu vanhu basa iri, uyewo nzvimbo imwe nyaya pamusoro Russian Federation iri pakutsvaga yeUnited mutemo, asi chirongwa pakati vepurovhinzi apo kunyengetedzana ari Armed Forces. Kana chirongwa yeRussian Armed Forces, asi sungano vatariri vanotongwa Russian Federation.

Areas mu mubvunzo, uyewo vatongi vanofanira akasikwa, uyewo hakuzoparadzwa yakabudisa bhuku rainzi emunharaunda nemirayiro. Zvinofungirwa kuti 1 nzvimbo zvichabviswa vakashanda kubvira 15 kusvika 23 zviuru. VomuUmambo. Kana Municipality - dzinenge zviuru 15 vanhu, zvino achiumbwa nomumwe zvokutonga zvekutepfenyura. Nyaya paChidzidzo runoenzanirana vanochiva vanofanira hazvo zvaitambidzwa wenharaunda yaitongwa mumwe sangano kana akaronga abolition ane mugove kana nzvimbo mutongi.

Muzviitiko zvaitaurwa mutemo chairmen Matare dunhu inogona kureva nyaya, izvo kazhinji riri wenharaunda yaitongwa mutongi imwe nzvimbo, kune masangano ari dzimwe ndima. The yeUnited mutemo pamusoro vehurumende unosanganisira mashoko pamusoro izvo zano mhosva, vehurumende zviitiko, uyewo avo dzinoitwa administrative mhosva, kuongorora kutenda uye akadzika zvirevo zvinogona kuchinjwa.

Kugadzwa pambiru mutongi, zvaanoda rwevamiriri

Ngationei kudzidza nzira iyo zvinodiwa vanofanira kutevedza vagari uchitsvaka mejasitiriti nzvimbo. Kwainyanya mutemo, izvo inorondedzera akakodzera dzekuziva - Mutemo Russian Federation "On the Status raVatongi". Mupfungwa iyi, izvi zvinodiwa regai vakasiyana nevaya anosimbisa vamiririri dzeutongi, uyewo vaida mahofisi, kune vamwe vakuru vakuru. Zvisinei, tsika idzi anofanira kutevedzerwa kufungisisa zvokudya Federal Law nhamba 188. Kunyanya, izvi zvinogona kureva kuti nzira kuti paakagadza kana kusarudza vagari kuti pambiru mutongi.

Nesananguro vehurumende

Vaiona nzira rinoitwa chete chikamu chezvinhu zvemitemo simba pamusoro ufanane RF yacho kana vanhu vanogara muchikamu kuMudzidzisi roruvanze. Panyaya iyi, zvinofanira kusarudza veDare rugare inofanira kusimbiswa pamutemo zviito wokurera munharaunda. Mutemo pamusoro vehurumende RF unosanganisira mashoko risina paya pane 6 months vasati zvinofa masimba kuita mutongi zvazvingava, kana vari wakagumiswa mangwanani - hapana paya pane mazuva 10 mushure nzvimbo mutongi anofanira kuziviswa kuti nzvimbo iri yakazaruka. Information pamusoro ichi iri mune zvenhau.

The akakodzera shambadzo dzinoratidza ruzivo pamusoro nguva uye nzvimbo okutambirwa mafomu kubva vagari uchitsvaka nzvimbo mutongi, uyewo zvinyorwa ichakurukurwa apo uye kupi. The rokuti muhofisi mutongi, vachange vakagadzwa pahwaro kufunga mafomu anofanira kutanga kuva kwokutanga kupfuura zuva rakatevera zuva iri apo kugumisa masimba ano vatongi.

Nguva yokuva muhofisi ane mutongi

The yeUnited mutemo pamusoro vehurumende vari Russian Federation hwakagara chaizvo mashoko kuhofisi mumiririri nhau tsika. Saka, wedzimhosva inofanira kugadzwa kana akasarudzirwa nzvimbo yavo hapana anopfuura 5 years. Panguva imwe cheteyo, hurumende yeRussia munzvimbo vane kodzero kuderedza iyi. It anofa Zvisinei, mugari anekodzero kuzodzosera vanoti basa wedzimhosva nzvimbo. Kana munhu mugari yave akasarudzirwa tinyatsokwanisa zvakare, ipapo izwi rake hofisi uye haafaniri kupfuudza 5 makore, kana akaenzana chii chinorondedzerwa muna mutemo remunharaunda. Mutongi aite zvinhu zvavo vasati anochinja makore 70 okuberekwa. Kamwe - zvinofanira wakagumiswa maererano nomutemo.

Kugumiswa masimba mutongi

Murayiro pamusoro mabasa vatongi, saka rine mutauro umo masimba vamiririri nemasangano anogona wakagumiswa. Zvinogona kucherechedzwa kuti pamazita zvikonzero izvi kunorondedzerwa Federal Mutemo "On the Status raVatongi", asi vari kushanda zvatinopiwa of PPA zvinofanira kufungwa ndozvakajairwa, enshrined muna Federal Mutemo № 188.

Mutongi chemabhazi masimba:

• pazuva rokupedzisira romwedzi umo masimba ake zvinofa kana mwedzi ine mutongi ane makore 70 okuberekwa;
• pazuva rakatevera zuva iro chisarudzo hwozouya simba rimwe pevatongi, maererano izvo masimba mumiririri masangano vaiona wakagumiswa nguva isati yakwana.

Mukuwedzera, vatongi masimba anogona umbomiswa ne- Panel pasi dzimwe nzira yakapiwa nokuti zvokudya Federal Mutemo "On the Status Vatongi".

Kana masimba avatongi dzave yakaturikwa kana akamiswa uyewo sehofisi kusavapo mugari munzvimbo dzakasiyana zvinzvimbo, chokupika ake basa mabasa anopa wedzimhosva, uyo anoshanda pane imwe yakasiyana nzvimbo munzvimbo iyoyo. Panguva iyoyo zvakanga mutemo yoga Mutongo sachigaro wedare kuti nharaunda. Kuri kuti kundima ndi chete wedzimhosva mumwe, masimba ake vari zvaitambidzwa padanho simba izvo anoita mabasa chaipo nzvimbo.

Muzviitiko zvaitaurwa mutemo mabasa vatongi, rinomiririra vaiona urongwa inogona tibatiswe kuvatongi, vari pamudyandigere. Hazvina basa mune nzvimbo vaishanda kare.

Ngatichikurukurai sei mutemo pamusoro mamiriro vatongi anoita nzira nokuda kuona mabasa akakodzera zviremera.

Urongwa vatongi

A basa guru pakutsigira vatongi runyararo vari kutamba seti dzavo. Chimiro nezvinangwa zvaro staffing zvinofanira rinorondedzerwa mitemo wokurera ari ufanane RF yacho. Nhengo tsvimbo panguva imwe chete vane mamiriro vashandi vehurumende uye basa nomurayiro vari chepasi apo - mitemo yokupira ukama muhurumende.

Mari nokuti basa vatongi rinoitwa pamwe kubatsirwa Department Pakutonga, iyo inoshanda pamwe Armed Forces. Chimiro ichi ndiye kuchinjwa vatongi mari, remunerations, achivapa siyana evanhu zvikomborero inopiwa mumutemo waJehovha Russian Federation.

Rutsigiro zvokunyama kuti basa vamiririri akakodzera masangano mutoro hurongwa pachiyero Executive zviremera yacho. Panguva iyoyo vari basa ino zvaitaurwa nemurairo mhinduro zvinogonawo kwakabatana Pakutonga Department, iyo inoshanda pamwe Armed Forces. Chimiro ichi zvakare mhosva mari kuti mari negakava, ayo runoonekwa vehurumende.

Saka, takadzidza dzinokosha gadziriro rine yeUnited mutemo pamusoro vehurumende ari Russian Federation. Zvichava kubatsira uyewo kufunga kunyatsoongorora basa zviri pamutemo nesangano nyanzvi.

VeDare Peace Institute kuRussia: Expert Mutengo

Chokutanga, pakati magweta akabata maonero, maererano iyo wedzimhosva chinzvimbo, Chokwadi, ane Dual hunhu. Kudivi rimwe, mabasa avo vari kunze mukati yechinangwa nyaya Russian Federation, uye saka kudzorwa zvatinopiwa ari Regional zvinopa mutemo. Kune vamwe - mumiririri kupfungwa sezvo chikamu vabatane rinotonga hurongwa ehurumende uye nyaya sarudzo vachimiririra Russian Federation.

Maererano nenyanzvi, kuitwa mutemo pamusoro vatongi mu Russia Akaperekedzwa nhaurirano panyaya basa vamiririri izvi zviri pamutemo masangano ezvinhu hurumende. Saka, muna zvikuru dzakakurumbira pfungwa aive abstracts iro dare nyika inofanira tiite mabasa avo pakutanga Somuenzaniso uye, nokudaro, kuti vawane masimba, richitsanangura basa, kunyanya, matare reruwa kuti Mawanza kunyatsoshanda enyaya. Muchiitiko chino, zvakanga zvakakodzera kuti ave nechokwadi kugovera chepasi sarudzo kuMudzidzisi masangano panguva batana chechetere. Saka, pakati penyanzvi akapiwa Kuparadzirwa nemaonero, umo basa vatongi vanofanira kuwedzera kuratidza yeUnited chechetere nokuongorora nyaya yebasa zvivako izvi. Zvikurukuru, panguva yakakodzera pamwero kusarudza pamusoro kugadzwa kwevatongi, rutsigiro rwemari uye zvinhu zvavo mabasa.

Zvisinei kuitwa mutemo pamusoro vatongi kwave kuitwa nevaya Formulations umo duality zvavanoita rose zvichengeteke. Takurukura zvatinopiwa of Federal Mutemo № 188 kuti, kune rumwe rutivi, basa vamiririri ava kutonga masangano kusarudza nokuda Russian Federation, pazuva rimwe - murayiro kushanda kwavo hunoenderana migumisiro vanodzika mitemo kumatunhu. mashandiro Izvi zvinogona kuonekwa nenyanzvi sezvo zvakakwana kubudirire, nekuti rumwe rutivi, haiiti wenharaunda yaitongwa veDare zvokuyananisa kugadzira, pane dzimwe - kufungawo remunharaunda specificities ukama.

Uyezve, zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti pachiyero mukuru yeUnited murau - Mutemo nhamba 188, rine mutauro vakaomerwa mano kumatunhu kuti mitemo zvakasiyana yekudyidzana kubva avo kuti anoratidza zvinodiwa batana centre. Somuenzaniso, maererano pakururamisa deadlines mejasitiriti muhofisi. Asingagoni, sezvo isu munotoriziva, last vanopfuura 5 makore Zvisinei, rimwe nguva kungava zvishoma kupfuura muganhu, uye zvinoenderana nzvimbo remunharaunda muparamende.

Zvisinei, zviri pamutemo kupfungwa vehurumende vaiona nenyanzvi sezvo zvikuru kubva pfungwa nemaonero kukura mutemo kuRussia, kumutsa pamutemo tsika vemo, nani utungamiriri. Murayiro pamusoro vehurumende iri zvakakwana pakati nepakati pamutemo chiito, izvo, kurutivi rumwe rutivi, anogovera chinokosha yakawanda simba kumatunhu tichitarisa yokudzora mabasa nemasangano aya, pane dzimwe - rine mutauro kuti pave kuchengetedza kuvimbika mamiriro nezvakatongwa hurongwa Russia tichitarisa wokukudza chepasi kuita nyika vatongi, uyewo kupa rutsigiro avo mabasa kupfurikidza masangano batana.