Traditional Mari koshitomu (mufananidzo)

Huru panoda kurarama Maris pakati Volga yaro rworuboshwe vabati vechibharo pakati Vetluga. The Finno-Ugric ndudzi kunyika yose pedyo kumatunhu uye chinoda, vazhinji vamiririri yaro Urals. Mari koshitomu muboka renyika zvokupfeka dzavanhu venyika Volga nharaunda.

nemamiriro dzinza

Sezvo dzinza rimwe boka, Mari rakakamurwa mamwe mapoka. Kazhinji ichi imhaka nzvimbo yokugara. Pane huru mapoka matatu: wemarudzi (kupfuura vakawanda), gomo uye kumabvazuva Mari. Chokutanga rakatora nharaunda pakati Volga-Vyatka, uye yokupedzisira kurarama iri kumadokero Republic of Mari El, uye vamwe vari zvizvarwa vatama kubva Volga ichienda kunzvimbo - Bashkortostan uye Ural. Mari aenderane nomumwe mapoka ane nevamwe zvinhu. Asi dzinokosha nezvokuzadziswa koshitomu vose Mari chete. Uyezve, mukono nehadzi zvokupfeka vanhu vekare akasiyana mumwe chete ari zvemaoresa.

Zvipfeko dzakakodzera chero uriri

Main zvinoriumba of koshitomu vari: sheti Anosuwa, bhandi ne pendants uye headpiece, bast shangu uye mucheka kana yeshinda leggings. On mazororo vaipfeka matehwe shangu. Asi akatema pakupemberera suit zvakazara akadzokorora nezuva. chishongo chete vakamuita ngwara. Men-Mari kuita kunyanya pamwaka basa kuti zviite kutaura nevavakidzani vavo, uye saka varume Mari inoita afanane Russian National inoita. Gare gare, muna mapfekero Varume vakatanga kuonekwa uye fekitari zvigadzirwa. Asi kusvikira 30-ies wekupedzisira remakore, chaiyo National zvinoratidzwa pachavo vari akagerwa uye kumugumo, uye muitiro nekwekushonga zvimwe zvinhu.

Zvinosiyana ezvinhu oupenyu

chero vanhu suit yakatanga nokupesvedzera zvinoverengeka, zvakadai socio-zvoupfumi, zvenhoroondo, uye dzinongoitika uye okunze. It akaita basa rinokosha kuti basa mari yakanga iripo. Saka, tunikovy akavezwa hembe kwakakonzerwa ndechokuti rakarukwa jira iri musha muchina chete Vanokunga mapfudzi, akachekwa yakaitwa kuti musoro. Kwete vykraivaya armhole, kumativi vasonanidza jira, akapeta lengthwise, nokudaro akaita ruoko. Pakutanga, jira rakarukwa pamusoro kureba hembe uye dzisimbe. Mari suit dziya mu mazuva ose, mutambo uye netsika zvipfeko. Chokwadi, kuti aiva yakaisvonaka wedding romwenga. Its zvikuru yakashongedzwa nezvakarukwa, norwonzi, ruka, marozari, mai neparera anoshongwa, makushe uye nezvose rwakakurudzira hwomoyo vashandi unyanzvi, asi yakaoma abvume mitemo. Color Mari vakawanda chena zvipfeko. Mari koshitomu (mufananidzo zvakabatanidzwa) hwomutambarakede uye kufara.

nevamwe zvinhu

Sezvataurwa pamusoro apa, dzinokosha zvinhu rudzi koshitomu zvinosiyana okunze. Saka, kuwedzera kune apa zvi- zvikamu Demi-mwaka jasi yaisanganisira (myzher) jasi (uzhga), chando shangu uye heti. Izvi akasiyana chekawo - pryamospinnye uye nokuveza nechemuchiuno. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti vose subgroups nokuzvidya nevamwe nhengo dzavo - kumwe shure akanga trapezoidal, pinza wedges chimiro uketani zvakanga zvakasiyana. Izvi zvaiva zvechokwadi kwete zvipfeko chete Outdoor. Somuenzaniso, nebhurukwa hembe (tuvyr) kumafuro, gomo uye kumabvazuva Mari yakasiyana chikamu riri pamuromo, nokureba hembe.

svutu

Kubvira kare, vari vanhu chinyakare koshitomu vaisanganisira Mari tuvyr (hembe), kureba dzakawira pasi namabvi, asi kuguma XIX remakore, Wakasvika chete mid-pahudyu. Siyana uye bhurukwa (yolash) - gomo kumafuro uye vakanga vakasonanidza pamwe nhete nenamo, rokumabvazuva - pamwe navanopinda, chinopa akachekwa, kana gusset. Okurerutsa zvipfeko yakanga chena mhuri yerineni (vyner), dzakanga yakarukwa kubva hemp, Mufurakisi zvishoma. mhuka, kuhukura, mbava tanned matehwe akashandiswa zvaAtemisi shangu. Mamirire vaiva Mari shangu yakarukwa kubva lyk nomwe, Machinery (tambo yakapombera feet) vakanga zvimwe zvinhu.

Leggings zhizha aipfeka kanivhasi muchando jira. In zvikuru mumamirire ekunze vaipfeka majombo. Hats varume, zvakare, akanga zvikurukuru felted, maumbirwo siyana. Gare gare, chinyakare Mari suit uchinyatsobatanidzwa kuzadzikiswa majombo uye nguwani kuti maindasitiri mukugadzira. Ndinofanira kuwedzera kuti zvose makomba andapeni hembe (akagura-kuguma dzisimbe, mupendero) akanyatsotaura akamuka kure chishongo. Rine nezvitsinga pamusoro nemidzimu yakaipa. Ane nomusoni kana ruka.

Kunyanya hadzi koshitomu

Mashoko nomumwe, sezvo nguva dzose, akafanira hadzi zvipfeko, inozivikanwa pakunaka uye mavambo. Masutu Volga marudzi, Mari kunyanya asi aiva yakananga akagerwa nezvimwe chakanangana zvaidiwa avhareji Russian - zvokunyama zviri vakaitwa zvipfeko (neshinda uye hemp, bast, milled zvigadzirwa). Sora kushandiswa rwizi anoshongwa, pedyo kuchamhembe - Freshwater namaparera. Mamirire vose Volga nebhurukwa hembe iri Mari musimboti anosiyana mupendero nemapfekero hadzi uye kufukidza dzisimbe. Total chena kupfeka, kufanana neimwe inoita iri zvikuru yakashongedzwa nevamwe nezvakarukwa Mari (kumativi), gobvu chaizvo uye yakajeka. Uyezve, akateya ruzivo pamusoro muridzi - ndeye imwe dzinza, munzanga. Dzimwe nguva yakafukidzwa nezvakarukwa uye shure vamwe inoita zvikamu. Uye chokwadi, mumwe zvomunharaunda boka Mari vaiva kusiyana mapatani, chimiro uye nzvimbo yacho dzakarukwa.

Chishongo - "Letters kubva Hapana" uye Ward

Mavara amakwai kana sirika, dzakarukwa jira izvo dzaiwanzova rinoreva zvose tsvuku, mashava. Costumes vanhu Volga nharaunda, kusanganisira Mari, muri yakajeka uye chinokosha tsika yenyika. Iye anotakura mashoko zvinokosha pamusoro vanhu, sezvo ine midzi muna prehistoric nguva, apo paive vanodhirowa vokutanga, zvishoma nezvishoma akatendeukira kuva muenzaniso kuti anogona kukuudza chii venyika vaitya zvavanoita, nharaunda dzavo.

Chinonyanya kukosha akadzama

Chiizve, kunze urefu uye akacheka pasi hembe, outfits siyana kuti varume nevakadzi Mari? Sezvataurwa pamusoro apa, mukono koshitomu Mari mukwanisi felted hat. Female chete yeminhenga wakafanira nomumwe mashoko, nokuti chinhu chinokosha pakupfeka. Rakakamurwa zvechikadzi uye girlish, saka kunze munzanga uye urudzi uye zera rinoratidza vatenzi.

kusiyana kwavo kunogona kunyora yoga nyaya. Munguva dzekare, vakadzi vakashandisa dzakasiyana-siyana Mari Scarves uye nguwani - kutaura ichi zvakawanikwa pakuchera matongo. Vasikana vakanga mhando mbiri kupfeka - pahwaro nemvere nematehwe. Vari kwazvo kwazvo yakashongedzwa marozari uye mari.

An oma uye akasiyana

Vakadzi vaipfeka hemispherical takiyu kuti kunobatanidzwa dzakawanda tsika zvokupfeka dzavanhu venyika Volga nharaunda. chomumusoro Mari mukadzi vekare akanga kuzadzikiswa wekumeso, akapeta Tsanga yacho yaichekwa kune kupfeka takiyu uye yakasungirirwa pasi chirebvu. Headgear vakaroorana vakadzi zvemariro siyana - puranga, akataura, foshoro, polotenchatye. Uye vose vari rakakamurwa subspecies akawanda. Somuenzaniso, zvakazivikanwa kubvira mitambo mana anoreva boka nefoshoro, uye yeminhenga kupfuura yekare Marieke Shura chaizvo (masendimita 40) uye rinoreva furemu neheti. Traditional zvokupfeka dzavanhu venyika Volga nharaunda, Mari kusanganisira, zvakafanana pamwe nemumwe - nguwani Birch nemakwati kana dehwe mapuranga vaiva Mordovia, udmurdskie, Kazakh vakadzi. Pakutanga kwaiva muSitiya chomumusoro.

Zvakakodzera uye yakajeka mashoko

Fanira unhu munhukadzi koshitomu ndiye bhandi, epuroni uye fidha. No vanofanira kutaura kuti zvose mashoko aya kunyatsoongorora yakashongedzwa. About zvikamu zvinogona kutaura refu chaizvo. Chii hazvina asungirirwe: muhomwe kana muzvikwama, uye yakamanikana SSB dvupolosnye matauro, maoko akanaka uye marin'i. Outerwear mabhandi zvemaoresa nemabhande. Aprons, uyewo mamwe mashoko koshitomu, dzakarukwa uye dzakarukwa resi, norwonzi, yakashongedzwa marozari uye mari. Yechipfuva aigona kuva zvakasiyana chimiro, zvinowanzoda raiva mari. Subtleties nani kutarisa zvakabatanidzwa mifananidzo. Mari koshitomu akanaka chaizvo. Mari vakadzi zvinobudirira mukwanisi zvishongo zvayo - nezvindori, nemhete uye zvichingodaro.