Tuberose: kudyara uye hanya panze, kunyanya kurima uye kunenge

Tuberose, kana polianthes tuber, muti riri pasina anonzi "mambokadzi usiku", nekuti mukutanga manheru wayo doro zvakanaka anova mubindu huru. Izvi munhuhwi nokuti gumi apfuura yazova rimwe zvizivikanwe uye zvinowanzoshandiswa perfumery. Chero Murimi achava zvinonakidza kukura pa tuberose, vachidyara uye kutarisira kusango shure riri chaizvo inokwanisa, pasi dzimwe mitemo.

Origin uye rondedzero ruva

yokwaakazvarirwa, Mexico, kwaakanga Akadzoswa muzana remakore rechi16, apo akaitwa tsananguro rokutanga tuberose. Polianthes (Gr. "Shiny ruva") rinoreva subfamily mhuri agave asiparagasi, ine dzinokwana 13 marudzi.

The inonyanya kufarirwa tuberose vawana muzana remakore rechi19, pazviri akarumbidza kwete chete vachengeti asiwo vadetembi mumabasa avo. Ndianiko ruva iri kushushikana kuberekwa yaro yechipiri, chokukukatyamadzai zvose runako uye enchanting munhuwi. mushoma zvinodhura chaizvo kuti inotengwa kubva maruva, anoshandiswa kugadzirwa yezvinonhuhwira nyika yemakambani akakurumbira "Gucci" uye "Dior", vaberekawo mafuta zvinokosha uye anonhuwira zvimiti.

Zviri perennial chirimwa ane bulbous tuber inobva midzi yakasimba, uye basal mashizha akawanda inounganidzwa iri nzira yokubudisa. Urefu anogona kusvika vakura hunde 50-100 cm uye mashizha - 30-40 cm.

In Russia polianthes mu akazaruka yecocoa akashandiswa kumaodzanyemba nharaunda (Crimea, Krasnodar Territory). Zvisinei, nechepakati kunzvimbo, muna Vol. H. In noruwa, mudzidzi Chikwata vakabudirira kuita kwayo kurimwa.

Tuberose inoparadzirwa kunyanya tubers ane upenyu basa 2 years: chirimwa wokutanga kunofanira kukura zvakanaka uye kuwana mashizha uye mabukira, uye mugore maruva rechipiri kunoitika, pashure izvo mai tuber afa, asi anopa upenyu vana kuisa.

maruva

Nguva maruva inotangira July uye kunotora kusvikira October. Flowers, riri pamusoro muchimiro nzeve ane muzvizhinji kuti inflorescences (zvidimbu 30) vari waxy batana nenamo. Flower saizi - 5-6 masendimita refu uye 3-4 masendimita ari dhayamita. Pamusoro Kuwedzera namabukira ivo zvakabudisa inofadza chaizvo uye simba kunhuwa. Kwemazana emakore anoverengeka somugumisiro pazviridzwa vakaratidza zvakasiyana-siyana uye noruvara mavara: Terry, pink, yellow, nezvishava, Sarimoni nomutsvuku.

Flowers padzinde rimwe vari kutanga anotumbuka kubva pasi chikamu peduncle. Tuberose, kudyara uye hanya kusango shure zviri kuitwa nemazvo, maruva anenge 3 mavhiki, muchiramba yakanaka decoration Kutarira uye kunhuwidza. Kana kuchekwa maruva, bouquet vanogona kumira anenge 2 weeks, uye kuwedzera nevhiniga mumvura yakareba. Pashure maruva akaumba Kamudzira pamwe sandara mbeu.

Tuberose: rutoto description, kutarisirwa

Kubereka tuberose zvinobvira muna 2 munzira: achishandisa mbeu tubers subsidiaries. Yainyanya kushandiswa nzira - chokuwanziridza kubudikidza weboka tubers. Panoperera nguva amai tuber aumba anenge 10-20 vana-Mabumba, izvo pamusoro richisvika kukura 2 cm kare yakura yoga.

The Mabumba ndezvinorondedzerwa kuchera kubuda mushure mokuparara roita chirimwa pacharo, pashure izvo zvinofanira kucheneswa ivhu uye zvakaipa pamwe kugadzirisa kuti potassium permanganate kubva utachiona. Munovachengeta kusvikira kuchitubu nani mune inotonhorera kamuri pa 10-15ºS, rikaisa substrate mune musanganiswa jecha yakaoma uye sawdust.

Nodules nani vasati kudyara muna February akadyara kupinda peat kana musanganiswa manyowa, jecha, uye manyowa chaihwo midziyo kuti mizambiringa yakabva kumwe kuti kudzika 3 cm vachisiya muromo iri kwayo pamusoro. DISTILLATION Zvinotora nguva: mizambiringa yakabva kumwe kungowanikwa pashure pemavhiki 3-4, vakaisa mabhokisi panzvimbo inopenya uye ushamwari uye rakadiridzwa zvakanaka nguva dzose.

Nokuti anobudirira kurimwa tuberose yokudyara uye nokutarisira kunokosha. In rakavhurika pasi nodules zvinogona kudyarwa chete kana kutyisidzirwa rinopfuura chitubu frosts uye kuchitonhora, uye mhepo kupisa haasi asingasviki 10 ° C. Tuberose anoda chiedza nevhu uye kudiridza zvakanaka. Usati kudyara muvhu nani kuwedzera mufudze kana manyowa.

Daro pakati miti pakudyara - 25 cm kupa zvakawanda nzvimbo nokuumbwa vana itsva uye vose vaiva nezvokudya zvakakwana. Kana kudyara kure kune hombe vacheche pane masendimita 15, nokuti diki - anenge 10 cm kudzama embedding pamusoro 2-3 cm.

Plant Care

Zvakakosha zvikuru pashure kudyara tuberose uye kutarisira kusango inonzi Zvakanyanya Kunaka Panguva Yepamuviri ezvinhu kuti kukura zvakanaka uye maruva zhinji:

• polianthes - chirimwa kupisa-rudo uye anoda ivhu nyoro, saka rinofanira kugara wakadiridzwa chete nemvura inodziya, nechokwadi chokuti ivhu haaiti akaoma, uye mwando hazvirevi -wedzera, zvinogona kuitika kuti mudzi ora; ..
• pashure nomumwe nokudiridza kuti anonyatsotsvaka kusunungura uye kutevera kusvika pamusoro tuber havana kuwana nyika;

• inofanira kugara kuparadza masora akapoteredza mbesa chakasimwa;
• podkarmlivaniya kushandisa wemisanganiswa yakaoma, kufungisisa chokwadi chokuti chirimwa haadi zvakawandisa senitrogen; yakanakisisa Ipfungwa - kushandiswa makemikari fetiraiza 2-3 nguva por mwaka: pakarepo pashure akaisa tubers uye napamberi maruva;
• .. Kuti adzivise thickening yakasimbiswa zvinomera, kureva kuti polianthes rusununguko kwazvo;
• pashure maruva (September kunopera - mangwanani October) kudiridza inofanira kwakaregwa, uye tubers vanongosiyiwa ripen chero bedzi atanga kutonhora;
• kuchera matendere vane tubercles kuita October pamberi chando.

Zvinotarisirwa uye zvinoitwa kuchengetedza

Pane mitemo shoma kuti kuchabatsira mhanyisa chimiro dzakanzi pagore upenyu chirimwa wokutanga.

Features kuchengetwa uye nokusima tuberose:

• tuberous vana zvinogona kuparadzaniswa huru girobhu racho kare muzhizha, iri ndokuarasira vachiravana, izvo pachamera kubatwa kare vakagadzirira zvinhu, izvo gore rinouya achaita anotumbuka;
• chirimwa vari kupunzika, izvo kare kwakapera, unogona kuisirwa muhari uye kuiswa girinihausi kana noushamwari pavharanda kuti mwedzi kusvikira anotendeuka yeyero unoomesa kuti hunde yose, chete ipapo zvakanaka akabereka vana rokurima uye varara okuchengetera;
• Spring chakasimwa inokurudzirwa kuti vana chete nomumwe otedinitsya kubva mai girobhu racho, zvimwe ivo zvishoma kukura kwayo.

Zvirwere uye tupukanana

Tuberose, kudyara uye kutarisira kusango shure zviri kunze maererano nemirau, kazhinji haana kubatwa nezvirwere, asi chii deters Zvipembenene kunzwa kunhuwa kwemaruva. Zvisinei, dzimwe nguva pane zviitiko imwe kurwisa tupukanana (dandemutande mites, inda dzemuriwo), pokukundwa botrytis. Kana zvimwe zviratidzo chirwere (makwapa matema mashizha, etc.) Plant inofanira kubatwa fungicides.

Muchirimo rinofanira kudzivirirwa kubva medvedok vanoda kuchera wakasimwa rakavhurika pasi tubers.

Kushandiswa tuberose mune nzvimbo Design

Akadaro akanaka uye yepakutanga anonhuwira chirimwa kuchaita shongedza bindu upi ruva, apo rinogona kubatanidzwa nemamwe mavara akawanda. Zvakanyanya Kunaka Panguva Yepamuviri vavakidzani - Gladiolus, izvo zvakafanana kurimwa unyanzvi. kazhinji Tuberose anotumbuka gare gare akava vatsivi gladioli kungotaurwa mubhedha uri kuramba maruva.

Polianthes vane kumbonyanya yakakwirira dzinde rimwe ruva nechiredzo, nekuti pamberi pavo zvinogona kudyarwa maruva yakaderera-kukura kana mashizha zvirimwa.

Kuti ashongedze balconies uye loggias vanoshandisa makate tuberose, refu kunakidzwa norunako ayo uye munhuwi. Zvisinei, hazvina varumbidzwa kusiya navo havaratidzi ventilated nzvimbo, t. To. The simba kunhuwa anogona nechirongwa musi muvamwe vanhu.