Tundra ekunze. Chii chinotadzisa mvura igorega kupinda achinaya mvura ivhu?

Shoko "achinaya mvura" dziri Finnish kunoreva treeless pachena chikomo. Uye chaizvoizvo, zvinotora nzvimbo yakakura Northern Hemisphere iri pazasi-kweArctic latitudes, apo chinokurira mossy uye lichen zvinomera imwe kumbonyanya yakaoma ekunze. Space dzinoratidzwa kushaya miti yakareba, kunyange zvazvo achinaya mvura uye masango anogara achinaya mvura inoganhurana kwoumbozha taiga masango. duku chete perennial rekushongedzesa nemiti zvemapuranga chando ivhu pfupi muzhizha.

Nokuda mukuru hama mwando uye pasi volatility kwepasi kunoitika wetlands utsinye munda izvi. Asi chii chinonditadzisa mvura seeping kupinda achinaya mvura ivhu?

Climate

The mapazi atambanudza rakamanikana kanyika kuti achinaya mvura iri kuchamhembe Eurasia uye North America, uye bό̍lshie nzvimbo dziri muRussia uye Canada. Okunze ndiko kunyunguduka uye subantarctic. In mhepo yakasimba muchando uye mhepo kutonhora kusvika -30 °, uye muchirimo rinenge richisvika + 5 + 10 ° Celsius, kunyange miti coniferous havasi kukura.

A refu chando uye 2-3 chete kwemwedzi yakati kudziya yegore pave chokwadi chokuti Tundra chirwere pachisara kuti unyoro. Low tembiricha muoti haabvumiri kuti ipfungaire, zabolachivaya ndima yakakura. Winter achinaya mvura - ndiye usiku polar, uye muzhizha zuva rikasabuda kushanda kwemazuva. Spring uye kwematsutso vari kuratidzwa zviratidzo ayo ukapisa murwi mumwedzi mumwe chete - May uye September, ukuwo. Dzinoratidzwa nokukurumidza kuungana pasi chando pakavha uye zvakafanana anomhanya kudzoka kwake mangwanani October.

Maitiro zviri achinaya mvura ivhu

Features Hard kunyunguduka uye subantarctic okunze uye ivhu - ndizvo chii chinonditadzisa mvura seeping kupinda achinaya mvura muvhu. Thaws chete zvakakwana kuti thawed chete okumusoro akaturikidzana yenyika duku kudzika. Permafrost Anoshandura achinaya mvura ivhu yaiva nechando bundu, uye vagumirwe haachinji.

In yechando, nharaunda iyi rikawira zvikuru yakawanda chando, asi rakaburukira pamusoro erenje nhete layer sezvo vakawanda mhepo yakasimba vachiridza kure.

Gley uye matombo kuva maitiro ora uye pfumbu. ivhu pabutiro akaturikidzana vakanga ipapo thawed achinaya mvura, iyo Ndinoda zvishoma nezvishoma intermixed pamwe nemumwe. Saka, manyowa, manyowa uye peat kudzika pasi kusvika mumwe mita. With zvakawanda unyoro uye ivhu loam nevhu doro. Pazuva sandara pamapani enyika sezvaari vanokunga pasi kurema munhu kuedza muchayamwa nayo kuva gobvu morass. Zvisinei peat rukoko hakuiti pfuura 50 masendimita nokuda pechifukidziro herbaceous murombo zvinomera uye Moss. On jecha ivhu tasara tisina mvura zvikamu - uye ichi Podzols podburs.

Chii chinotadzisa mvura igorega kupinda achinaya mvura ivhu?

Nepo nyaya haisi zvakazara pachena. Chii chinotadzisa mvura? It seeps kupinda achinaya mvura hwevhu muzhizha, kuburikidza peat piro uye dzinoumba simba chando makatsemuka. Asi sezvo pasi yaita chando munguva yechando kuti kudzika hafu makiromita uye pfupi nguva ushamwari asina thawed muganhu rukoko akatendeuka chaizvoizvo ibwe-Ice goko anova sezvisingakundiki chipingamupinyi mvura.

Saka, mhinduro yomubvunzo wokuti chii chinonditadzisa mvura seeping kupinda achinaya mvura ivhu riri nyore uye musoro: asi permafrost haabvumiri hunyoro kuti seep yakadzika uye mvura iri huru zvokuti sezvo itye kuti akachengetwa pasi kwazvo. Uye zvisingaperi upenyu uye neobogretaya achinaya mvura kwezviuru zvemakore.