Underwater otomatiki APS: mapikicha, tsananguro, analogs

Munguva dzekare, kuti siyana sezvo huru zvombo akashandisa banga. Munguva 1950s, nokuuya rokutanga chamunyurududu zvakava pachena kuti kushambira ane mukana nani kurarama muhondo pasi mvura, kana zviri kuramba anokumhan'arira yako kure. Somugumisiro, banga akatsiviwa pemvura anopinza pfuti, izvo zvakava inoshanda chete kunovhima kana kuti kuchengetedza Sharks. Ichi chombo chine pasi nokukurumidza, zvenguva refu, mwero moto zvokurega simba simba. Kurwisa muvengi yakadzidziswa kushandisa chete anopinza pfuti, zvakanga zvakaoma chaizvo. Panyaya iyi, magadzirirwo basa iri pakusika pasi pemvura zvirege vapfurwa ivhu vakanga anosarudza munyika dzakawanda. Mumwe wavo akanga yakataurwa Soviet gunsmith muchini pasi pemvura kupfura APS.

Nyaya ino ine mashoko pamusoro chombo pemvura uye vashoma zvakafanana yokutevedzera, inoshandiswa frogmen nemamwe anoti.

nyaya

Muna October 1955 muna Sevastopol apo panopinda Novorossiysk paiva tsaona yakaipisisa, panguva iyo akanyura pasi yehondo. Vamwe nguva pakati nyanzvi Zvaidavirwa kuti mhaka kusafara ari kuchinja. Pasinei chokwadi kuti iyi hapana zviratidzo kwokunze chipingaidzo zviitiko muna 1955 kumanikidzwa muchiuto kufungisisa mubvunzo: seiko zvinobudirira kukunda pemvura okupandukira mapoka? In kuma1960 Soviet Union yakaumbwa nevanhu vanoverengeka vamapoka frogmen, iro gunsmiths Soviet ikabereka APS pemvura muchina (Photo zvombo akurukurwa munyaya).

Developers

Research uye kubudirira basa rinoitwa pasi "TSNIITOCHMASH" zvebhizimisi munyika vachitungamirirwa VV Podolsk Simonov. Wokutanga shanduro MTA ikaungana wakachenjera PA tishu. Kubvira 1975, MTA dzokuchengeta yakabereka pagungano maoko fekitari Tula. Setsika, Ngarava dzepasi pemvura aya ane zvigwagwagwa mauto eSoviet inokosha ehondo Navy. Nhasi, ndiko chombo yaishandiswa chamunyurududu frogmen Russia neUkraine.

Ndezvipi zvinetso vakatarisana vagadziri?

In muitiro mazano ari pasi pemvura maoko duku iri Developers vasati vane dambudziko, yaiva pamberi dzakakwirira mvura nemishonga. Somugumisiro kubatana dzaro emiti ine otomatiki uye Semi-otomatiki mienzaniso kuenda kuunganidza chiutsi, iyo inobudisa chombo inoperable. Kana iwe kusika pasi pemvura inokosha APS muchina, izvi zviviri vakatorwa nezvarwo.

Vachitaura

APS pemvura muchina unoshandiswa sezvo chombo nomumwe vanoshambira, siyana chamunyurududu nokuti vachiridzira panguva nomumativi pasi pemvura kushungurudza. Kunyanya ichi chombo vagadziri yakatanga dzimwe nhengo dzeParamende katuriji (katuriji chaiyo zvomumvura) caliber 5.6 neMM, iro rine tsono bara (sagittal) kutaipa, mukanyiwa asingasvavi pfuura 15 g. Hozhwe kukura masendimita 12. The musoro Chikamu ane constriction. Externally bara afanane miviri truncated cone. Her mugove musoro rinosanganisira cavitation kamuri, iyo yakagadzirirwa dziva:

• Kugadzikana kufamba mumvura.
• Kuchengetedza simba panguva madaro marefu.

Nokuda kwokushayikwa dhiramu rifling ari pasi pemvura muchina APS panguva mabara kufamba runosanganisirawo kusashandisa kusikwa torque. Kana vaipfura pamusoro pemvura bara riri kugadzikana uye paricharova atambudzwe kure anosvika zana metres, kurwa kugona kupfuura miganhu siyana pamahombekombe.

Kuti aite pemvura michina APS uye SPP-1 chivhorovhoro (chaiyo pemvura) anoshandiswa nevanodavira vanoshambira kurwisa mishoni, inova zvakafanana muchina, akaderedzwa nokuti vachiridzira cartridges IPU uye MPST (gungwa katuriji chaiyo tracer akashandisa frogmen kuchinja kupfura).

Nokuda kuitwa MTA kushandisa michina iri inert mvura nemishonga kwave kukurira mukati hurongwa. Somugumisiro, APS pemvura muchina inogona kushandiswa zvinobudirira nokuti vachiridzira pasi mvura panguva chinhambwe zvakananga maonero. Lethality mabara dzakadaro uye kwokutanga velocity (365 m / s) zvakakwana kuvhundusa 0.5 masendimita makemikari magirazi uye akarova anokumhan'arira akapfeka Diving sutu.

mudziyo

Kana mukugadzira mugamuchiri kuti pemvura MTA muchina akashandisa papepa simbi. Pasinei nokuti maoko zvidiki aiendeswa mashandiro pasi mvura, zvakasiyana zvishoma kubva kunyika mharidzo muchina. MTA ari vakapakata otomatiki reloading mashandiro ayo anoshanda nokuda nesimba propellant magasi kuti yabudiswa kubva dhiramu chiteshi kana kupfura.

The chombo iri nepokuongorora chikungiso mashandiro, izvo anobvumira musoja kupfura Single enderera watsemuka. Kuti aite kuchigadzirisa muoti vachiridzira muchina vakapakata mushanduri inokosha. Nzvimbo yayo nzvimbo yaiva kurutivi mugamuchiri rworuboshwe.

Nemhaka zvishoma nezvishoma mumatope simbi waya aine pfuti garo iri nyore kushandisa. In munda kudini garo pamusoro nyore Vaiisa kupinda mugamuchiri, uye michina pachavo chinogona kubatanidzwa kumativi motokari epasi pemvura. APS rakagadzirirwa kwepfuti 2,000 pasi pemvura. Upenyu hwake mhepo iri 180 kwepfuti.

chombo pemvura sei?

Panguva vachiridzira MTA shutter radzokera, anoita nzira hwomukova mudende, iyo dzokubudisa pamusoro breech ruoko wayo dzokubudisa. The kudzoka chitubu pasi pokudzora kwomudzimu bhaudhi iri compressed, inobaya aricheke anogadza uye cocked chikungiso. Mushure kudzvanya chikungiso tsime kudzokera mashandiro rinotanga kushanda. Panguva yacho kudzoka kufamba mberi achishandisa shutter rinoitwa chambering rakatevera nhare kubva magazini mukamuri nokuvhara Upfu chiteshi. The mugamuchiri wacho akashongedzerwa uchinyanya nokukiya lugs, izvo aida akakiya shutter. Nokukiya ichaongororwa kwakakwana kana shutter lugs ayo akaenda shure abutments. Slide, ichifambira mberi, unogadzirira pamwe muridzi wengoma, uyo achibatsirwa pomukuvadzi hwaparadza lähikuva zvombo, nokuda iyo pane vapfurwa.

The zvombo zvitengeswa

Places nokuti vanoitisana akava bhokisi serin'i kaviri mutsara chitoro kusvika 26 munitions. Kupatsanurwa cartridges mumagazini rinoitwa pachishandiswa anokosha kwamahwendefa. Shops zvinosanganisira chitubu okusungisa, kugadzirira yokumusoro zvombo pasi pemvura muchina APS. Analogues pamusoro pemvura zvombo, zvose nyanzvi munyika vanoti kwete. Zvisinei, zvinozivikanwa kuti kufanana kugadzira zvombo Soviet vagadziri mune dzimwe nyika akaitawo kuedza kuumba zvombo pasi pemvura wakakwana.

QBS-06

Izvi zvaitika munhu duku maoko kubva 2006, anoshongedza frogmen kuti Republic of China. QBS-6 chiri pasi pemvura pfuti, achishandisa iyo dhaivha kunogona pemvura uye pose nangananga muvengi.

Upfu chombo yavharwa kutenderera bhaudhi, mubato iyo iri kurutivi rworudyi pamusoro muchina. In pagadzirwe mugamuchiri jira simbi inoshandiswa. Kusiyana APS Soviet vokuChina muenzaniso ane epurasitiki honokono. Kunyanya murwi Magorovhosi Chipfeko akanga yakakodzera kushandisa QBS-6, chikungiso murindi zvinoitwa zvakakwana paupamhi. Nenareznye hunde dzacho. Michina vakapakata waya pamafudzi kwamira. Kana zvakakodzera, vanogona kuva akapeta. Zvombo dziri mubhokisi serin'i mapurasitiki chigadzirwa, iyo inogara 25 5.8 mm caliber. For pemvura michina QBS-6 Vakava yakatarwa unregulated zvinotyisa.

Zvinoitwa Chinese muenzaniso

Zvinobudirira Range QBS-6 runotsamira kudzama kunyudza. Kana kushandisa michina ari kudzika 5 m siyana nezvombo mamita 30 uye kudzika 20 M - the cartridges dzinobudirira ari chinhambwe 20 M kana kushambira kunyudzwa 40 m, ari pasi pemvura otomatiki kupfura daro metres chete 10 rinogona kushandiswa muenzaniso uyu uye .. pamusoro pemvura, asi ichi rinobatanidza zvinoderedza kururama zvabuda uye upfumi machine. In QBS-6 anoshandisa imwe pfungwa uye magadzirirwo, uyewo muSoviet pasi pemvura muchina APS.

Analogs NATO: BUW-2

Muna 1971 muGermany yakazokudziridzwa multi-mutariri Semi-pemvura pfuti BUW-2. Rakava zvombo kuti rinoita-reactive mabara, ayo achishandisa hydrodynamic Kudzikamiswa inozivikanwa. Cartridges zviri kuraswa block hunde dzacho ina. Vachiridzira siyana pasi mvura hazvirevi pfuura 10 metres mumhepo - 250 zvombo vakapakata simbi tsono 4.5 mm caliber. kureba kwavo kubva 3 kusvika 6 cm. Uyezve, tsono vari kurerekera ndiro ane chepfu. The zvombo zvitengeswa rinoitwa kubva muchitoro inokwana 15 kusvika 20 tsono.

P11

German makasimba Heckler Koch chaiwo pemvura chivhorovhoro P11 yakagadzirwa yetsiva vanoshambira. pfuti iri nepokuongorora replaceable chikwata umo dziri pasi emiti, giya vari kare anoitwa panguva fekitari uye overcharging kunogona akaziva chete mune mimwe musangano. Mushure zvose zvaipomerwa achaparadzwa kupfurwa panze, zvidhinha vanobviswa kubva chivhorovhoro. P11 kunoratidzwa nokuvapo dzemagetsi mhosva uye vakagadzirira pamwe wemagetsi kuvesa triggering mashandiro iyo parura rimwe dhiramu elektrokapsyul. Simba zvitengeswa anoshandisa 9-volt bhatiri (zviviri). nzvimbo yavo yakava rakanamwa mupanda iri mubato.

By wakati akagovera chiedza marudzi zvemagetsi mashandiro. Underwater pfuti muchadya chaiyo zvombo kuti 7,62 neMM, izvo vakapakata tsono-zvakadai nemabara. Standard zvombo rinosanganisira bara iro rine vatungamirire core. The dzokurwa kuboora zvombo akashongedzerwa kupendwa dema bara, izvo anopiwa kuti simbi core. Pfuti ane anobudirira vachiridzira siyana anosvika 15 metres pasi mvura, uye 30 - mumhepo.

Nhasi, izvi pemvura pfuti nezvombo frogmen Germany, Italy, France, Norway, USA uye muUK.