US mari paper madhora uye mari

The dhora nhasi ndiyo inonyanya kufarirwa mari munyika. Ichi chikwata dzibvise anozivikanwa kwose kwose. Imhandoi mari muUnited States kuenda zvino? Sei vakabvepi?

Nhoroondo chiitiko

Zvakatanga ane thaler, kana kutoti "yoahimstalerov". Ndipo zita mari kubva muguta zvangu kuti Jáchymov (ano Czech Republic). The zita nokukurumidza vakanongazve yeSweden, British, Dutch, kuItaly, Flemings, kunatsiridza inzwi rake munzira. Saka, mari iri yeBritain yaitonga America pakutanga rainzi Spanish mari. Somunhu nokuzviremekedza USD mari zvakaziviswa muna 1785.

Paper mari muchimiro zvisungo akaonekwa zvakawanda Massachusetts muna 1690. Yakatsikiswa navo 1703, uye papera makore anoverengeka bepa mari kupararira mhiri United States. Munguva yehondo kuti rusununguko kunyange akazviratidza "Continental dhora," izvo akadzingira wokufambisa simbi mari.

Huru dambudziko mari kwakadaro kwakanga zvavo nokukurumidza depreciation. Nechekare ne 1781 currency depreciated munenge ka40. Makore matanhatu gare gare vakauya mutemo pamusoro rokumanikidzirwa chisimbiso bepa mari negoridhe kana sirivha. Muna 1792 kwaiva kutanga yakagadzirwa US mari.

nhoroondo ano

Pasinei ose zviyero rakatorwa Hurumende, mari American haisi kugadzikana uye mwero. Naizvozvo, muna 1861 pane imwe mari, izvo basa kudhinda American Bank Cherechedza Co. Rakapa manotsi mumasangano 5, 10, 20 madhora vaiva manyoro uye pakarepo pakuzivikanwa se "greenbacks".

Muna 1913, US mari anogadzirwa zvikuru vakasikirwa kwaizvozvi Federal Reserve Banks. Kwemakore akawanda, mari vakaramba pakusimba. Akamanikidzwa vanodzedzereka Guru Depression muna 1933. Zvisinei, pashure Second World War, US basa munyika zvematongerwo enyika yawedzera zvikuru, uye nyika dzokuEurope vakatanga akanyatsotungamirira mari American. Dollars achakurumidza kuva huru mari yacho "Europe wekare", displacing kunyange Pound Sterling.

Muna 1971, munyika yose kuchengeterwa mari anotanga deredza zvakare. Papera nguva, panguva chirongwa wenyika President Nixon akadzima yegoridhe dhora vavabatsire. The US mari yave vaitova imwe kutendeseka, saka kuderedza haana kukanganisa ayo mamiriro enyika. Harisati negadziriro yeparutivi.

dhora nhasi

Panguva ino, dhora kunoonekwa sechinhu emarudzi United States mari. Uyezve, kunyange XIX-XX remakore rakava ndibatsireiwo mari dzimwe nyika dzakawanda. Somuenzaniso, Canada vakazivisa ayo National mari kare 1857. Zvino mari iyo US ane National chinzvimbo muEl Salvador, Panama, Palau, Bermuda, Marshall, Virgin Islands, East Timor, uye zvichingodaro .. Mune dzimwe nyika, mari pemurairo kushandiswa kufanana National mari Somuenzaniso, asati yakanga Zimbabwe.

The Federal Reserve System akasikwa muna 1913, iro nhasi ndiye kusunungurwa US mari yokudhinda. Mabhiri uye Mari anobudiswa maererano nyika zvinodiwa, zvinopfuura izvozvo anogamuchira pamusoro hafu yaipedzerwa emadhora akadhindwa. 1 chete% mari akaita harisi akasununguka wechiGeorgian. mugove Banknotes The weshumba akadhindwa nechinangwa kutsiva yaipfekwa-kunze makopi.

Banknotes

mabhiri All, iyo yakapiwa muna 1861, zvichiri kukosheswa kushanda uye zviri pamutemo. Paper mari wakabudiswa US masangano 1, 2, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100 emadhora. Vakasununguka tenderera zvisizvo.

Pane mabhiri mumasangano 500, 1000, kana kunyange 10 000. Asi ivo vari phased kunze nokuda kuzvuzvungudza kushandiswa. Nokuda kwaizvozvo, mari Banknotes dzakadaro panguva okisheni kwakakwirira zvikuru kupfuura zvavo sezvadziri. Banknotes mumasangano ose $ 10 000 vari turnover pfuurei 100. Muna 1934, Reserve Bank of Zimbabwe zvisinei atara rugwaro 100 000 emadhora,, akarishandisa chete vachibhadhara mukati Federal Reserve System.

Chaizvoizvo zvose yacho ndiwo akaenzana. kurema wavo anenge 1 giremu. Muna 1928 zvakanzi akakurukura mukuru pfungwa pakuonekwa dhora. Kubvira ipapo, mari US akaisa Portraits kuti vakuru vezvematongerwo enyika anokosha. Saka, musi yacho inoratidza kutanga US gurukota Finance Hamilton, John Marshall - Sachigaro Supreme Court. On the mari muna 1 dhora chinomirirwa purezidhendi weUnited States Dzhordzh Vashington yokutanga.

Ukuwo yenyika Banknotes zvinoratidza kukosha nhoroondo zviratidzo munyika. Pazuva neizvi divi mari muna 1 dhora US wakaiswa chikuru Mashoko: "Muna Mwari Tinovimba" pamusoro bhiri iri $ 5 ndiye Lincoln Memorial, Bazi Finance kuvaka kunoratidzwa muna 10, uye White House - 20 madhora. Zvikuru kushoma mari wechiGeorgian - $ 2, kuita kusaina kuti Declaration of Independence kuUnited States anoratidzwa yacho neizvi divi.

mari

US mari neimwe, zvichienderana chezita kukosha, ane zita yayo chakasviba. Pari pane mari wechiGeorgian muna 1 muzana, izvo zviri zvimwe kunzi "sendi" masendi mari 5 (nickel), 10 masendi (Dime), 25 masendi (kvoter), $ 1 (dhora). Panewo mari 50 masendi pasi zita "Hafu." Ivo achibudiswa miduku, kunyanya nokuda vateresi.

US coinage Mari zvinotora mints shoma muSan Francisco, Denver, West Point, New Orleans uye Philadelphia. Mumwe nomumwe wavo mashizha segwapa ane Beech British P, S, W, O, D.

Wokutanga US mari kubva 1792, yakagadzirwa nendarama nesirivha, panzvimbo nhamba 1 kusvika 15. Mari hazvo aifanira kuva chinyorwa "Rusununguko" uye zviratidzo chokuita pfungwa iyi. On the neizvi divi pakuiswa chapungu. Zvino chete mari collectible akaita zvinokosha nesimbi, rinoshandiswa vamwe zingi, nickel chiwanikwa uye ndarira.

Zvinodhura uye rova mari

Mumwe chokwadi muna 1853 wakatsamwisa chimiro Mari 3 masendi, iyo anonzi isingawanzowanikwi. Zviri kuti ukoshi yakadaro aregedza mutengo chitambi chetsamba. Vakarega kudzingirirazve muna 1889, zviri kutonetsa kuwana.

Muna 1848 mu California anotanga "Gold Rush", saka kusarudza kusunungura mutsva goridhe mari 1 uye madhora 20 1849. Mushure mari "Great Depression" ndarama abviswe wokufambisa, uye zvikuru zvinodhura idzi vava kuonekwa US $ 20, 1933 kusunungurwa.

Inoteverwa mari zvikuru zvinodhura American vanoonekwa sirivha dhora 1804 edition, izvo kutengeswa $ 4 miriyoni, uye takzhe5 masendi muna 1913, yakabudiswa makopi mashanu chete (chimwe nechimwe inenge mamiriyoni 4).