USA chiratidzo - gondo pamhazha

Gondo mhanza ndiyo chete nhengo yemhuri Accipitridae, anogara bedzi muna North America. Kakawanda unogona kuwanikwa muchando expanses ose Alaska.

shiri iyi - chiratidzo United States, maererano chisarudzo chakagamuchirwa neDare Continental Congress muzhizha iri kure 1872, uye ayo mufananidzo kunobatanidzwa pamusoro National Emblem munyika. Zvinoshamisa, anokwikwidza gondo rakanga panyaya iyi sembizi Turkey, waitsigira nokuda mutungamiri Franklin vakafunga kuti garikuni se "dzakanaka shiri" uye Gondo - yendarira, furtive uye gwara.

tsananguro

gondo mhanza iri nyore kuzivikanwa kwayo chitarisiko: ake musoro chena, nomuswe uye okumusoro chikamu pamutsipa uye navamwe plumage - musiyano pakati shava ruvara. Dzimwe shiri inonzi gondo pamhazha, nekuti kure zvinoita seboka chena nemhanza Pate.

Kureba Eagle muviri rinosvika anenge 80 cm mapapiro - maviri metres, uremu - kubva 5.5 makirogiramu kusvika 4 makirogiramu. Panyaya iyi hadzi iri nguva dzose yakakura kupfuura varume.

Mararamiro

Makondo varedzi basa, saka vanosarudza agadzirise pedyo penyanza uye hombe Freshwater miviri. Vane makumbo simba uye yakakura nenzara pachirauro kuti kubvumira kunyange ndakamisa hove kupfuura tsvedza. The chikuru zvokudya shiri idzi kuti hove, dzemugungwa, waterfowl, nezvinokambaira, nemakonzo diki. Kusiyana nezvinofungwa nevakawanda, havana kuuraya mhuka, uye apo neapo betsero gwayana rawa.

American Eagle anosika vakaroorana kuti upenyu. Yakanga chete pashure pokufa nomumwe Zvinokwanisika itsva. Hangaiwa zvapungu anosarudza chemhando muti uye weaving izvozvo chaizvo slots hukuru. Kwemakore, iri kuchipedzisa, uye pakupedzisira mu dhayamita kunogona kupfuura mamita 3.

Shiri idzi vachifarira kusurukirwa uye ngaachengete nharaunda yavo. Hama pedyo havafaniri kuva zvishoma pane 1,200 metres, zvimwe kwaizova kunotoitika Kusanzwisisana.

kubereka

Kazhinji Gondo hadzi mazai maviri, izvo tsotsonya pashure 5 masvondo vachena manyana. mai vavo rematsutso uye anodzivirira, uye baba kupa chikafu. It zvinowanzoitika kuti akasimba chicks dzakapiswa simba, iye akatizira kune kumucheto kure mudendere. Mother anokanganwa nezvazvo, anodyisa mwanakomana zvikuru simba uye ruzha-mouthed, uye kunonoka mwana pazvipfuwo nzara uye kuchitonhora.

Kana kako chinoratidza mwedzi nehafu, vanotanga kusvetukira mudendere kubva nebazi, uye gare gare mwedzi kuedza kuti kutiza yayo yokutanga. Chokutanga, havana kutya kuenda kure nevabereki vavo, asi pakupedzisira nechivimbo igobhururuka kupinda yakazvimirira upenyu.

Pazera makore 4-6, gondo pamhazha kuita zvepabonde akura uye pave nemhuri yake. Vanorarama avhareji yemakore 12-13, asi pane makumi maviri, matatu centenarians.

uwandu hwevanhu matambudziko

Kana shiri idzi zvazova chiratidzo kuUnited States, nhamba dzavo dzaiva hombe - vanenge 75 000 vanhu. Asi nokuda mangwanani 40s remakore rechi20 vagari shrunk zvokuti zviremera dzakamanikidzwa nemaonero nhevedzano mitemo kuchengetedza kwemarudzi ichi. It airambidzwa kuuraya, tengesa uye uchengete zvapungu pasina chinokosha mvumo. Zvino muridzi mudanga, kana zvimwe chikamu shiri iyi hunoshamisa mhando kuzviuru fines. Zvisinei, nokuti maIndia, uyo akashandisa minhenga vashongedze nguvo dzavo, zvagara chakaitwa.

Pamusoro dambudziko kutsakatika kuchaita pamhazha zvapungu kwakaita zvinhu zvinoverengeka: zvinosvibisa mvura, misha rokudzora nzvimbo, kuparadzwa vakawanda varimi, kushandiswa kwakapararira pamusoro tupukanana DDT. Zvikurukuru, tupukanana ichi Kusvibisa Hove Tidzidze makondo, nokudaro rakapinza muruoko muviri shiri. Nokuda kwaizvozvi, mazai emakondo dzinokwanisa thickened goko, uye manyana kugona pinda kuti hatch. Kushandiswa DDT iri pamutemo rarambidzwa muna 1972.

Kwakasarudzwa vazhinji matanho kuponesa shiri kubva kutsakatika. Kuwedzera kurambidzwa kushandiswa DDT nezvimwe zvine chepfu, zvakatanga achibvisa kako muutapwa. Raisings vana kusunungura, avo "adopts" arote shiri vakura.

Munzvimbo umo makondo vakanga zvisinganyanyi kuitika, nyanzvi dzezvinhu zvipenyu zvakavaka chakagadzirwa matendere, manyana kugadzirisa, dyisa uye vachivachengeta kusvikira kuzvimirira.

Nemhaka vagari kuedza gondo pamhazha kamwe zvakare akava zvakajairika mazuva mhando. Zvino kune vanenge 50 000 vanhu. In nhoroondo muenzaniso rokutanga, apo vagari akakwanisa kudzosera kuitwa nevanhu.