Vintage bhasikoro. History uye kukura bhasikoro

Vintage bhasikoro pane imwe nguva yaiva budiriro iri diki senga indasitiri. kuvamba Its iri kunoitwa vanhu vakasiyana. Pane shanduro racho necheni nemotokari uye peya mavhiri ndezvaJehovha Leonardo da Vinci. The bvumidzwa nokuti nokugadzirwa muna 1814 vakagamuchira German Baron Karl of Dresen. Muenzaniso yakaitwa namatanda uye vasina chinoramba chichingorerutsa mitemo kuchovha, zvakanga zvakakodzera kuti ariswededze tsoka dzako pasi. Pane pfungwa dzakadaro midziyo akaita Russian mhizha Efim Artamonov (Makore 14 asati German navo), asi haina patented. Panyaya iyi, kuti bhasikoro wokutanga akafamba pamusoro 5000 makiromita, uye yakaitwa namatanda.

kupuruvha

Designer Germany Dresen akasika muna 1817 wekare bhasikoro, izvo chokwadi yaiva yemapuranga sikuta vakagadzirira pamwe chigaro uye mudhiraivho. Kugadzirwa mazita musiki "railcar". Izwi iri richiri kushandiswa pachinhu zvimwe kuzvipira propelled michina.

Mune forties ari namapfumbamwe remakore, mudziyo iri pasi mazuvaano, nemhaka kuitwa Kirk Patrika Makmillana (wokuScotland mupfuri ropa). Ndiani yaimbonzi bhasikoro pasina chinoramba chichingorerutsa mitemo iri akashongedzerwa neshamhu simbi wakaiswa kuti necheshure vhiri. Navo zvaibvira kuti pave motokari kufamba nemakumbo. Mutyairi raiva pakati pamberi uye neshure vhiri, nokugadzirisa mirayiridzo kushandisa motokari, kuwadzana mberi nomukombero.

Zvinokosha kucherechedza kuti injiniya Thompson nokukurumidza akapa Inflatable matai, iyo panguva iyoyo havana kuwana mukurumbira, nokuda kwavo rwokugadzira kusakwana. Misa Kugadzirwa mabhasikoro pamwe chinoramba chichingorerutsa mitemo uye makamera vakatanga pashure 1867.

pakuzadzisa

Zita bhasikoro vakagamuchira kuonga Pierre Michaud, uyo patented chitiviri nemotokari yakagadzirirwa mberi vhiri. Mukupera kwezana remakore rechi19 rakava yakakurumbira muenzaniso "sendi-kobiri", saka zita nomuenzaniso diameters Mari mumwe (asingasviki nekobiri kobiri). That the pedals vari yakaiswa pa huru pamberi vhiri. The chigaro raiva pamusoro pavo. Sezvo motokari yakadaro yave haachatauri muzinda giravhiti, bhasikoro huru pamberi vhiri kwainzi nadzurudzo zvikuru ngozi, akatasva izvo aida kutarisirwa uye pakuenzanisa mutasvi.

Rinogona kutsiva mudziyo uyu vakava tricycles muenzaniso angotanga mukurumbira. Inotevera pavaipfuura bhasikoro anogona kunzi kushandiswa zvesimbi vhiri pamwe pezviri spokes. Kwakadaro chakatangwa kwave wakatangwa muna 1867 na Edward Cowper. Just vaviri makore motokari iri nepokuongorora puranga, uye mukupera 70 paiva cheni nemotokari (muvambi - wokuEngland Lawson).

Mugumo remakore rechi19

Panzvimbo nekobiri-kobiri uye zvakafanana mhando kuuya bhasikoro, vaguely nowenyika okunatsiridza ano. Akasika ake Chirungu mhizha Dzhon Kemp Starley muna 1884. Motokari ainzi "nemudzungairi» (Rover). Pashure pemwedzi 12, ari Serial kugadzirwa shanduro iyi. The chikwata aiva necheni Kupfuudzwa, zvakafanana dhayamita engoro, chigaro mutyairi wacho vakatakura uri pakati pakati pamberi uye neshure pomukombero. Mune ramangwana, kambani Rover akatanga kugadzira motokari uye nedzimwe motokari, kusvikira 2005, akabva kusauka.

Muna 1888, wokuScotland injiniya John Boyd Dunlop matai dzave dzichitaurwa kubva rabha riri manyoro uye vakasununguka. Hwakavimbika kamera zvichienzaniswa rabha dzomuzana, angotanga mukurumbira. Kana mazambiringa bhasikoro hunofananidzwa "vibrating conveyor" mapfupa, zvino akatasva akava unotedza zvikuru uye zvive nyore.

Golden mwaka

Maruva ruzivo kukura maviri mavhiri vasiri motorized vaiona makore 90 rechigumi nemapfumbamwe remakore. Izvi imhaka veMubatanidzwa ari akamedura chitiviri uye akasununguka wekuWheeling mudziyo, izvo akabvumira kwete chitiviri buda. Nokukurumidza rakasvika ruoko akamedura, asi ayo hombe kushandiswa vakatanga pashure.

First bhasikoro Kumbofungatira mhando yaigadzirwa 1878, uye muna gumi anotevera tega aruminiyamu zvivako. A motokari pamwe chinoramba chichingorerutsa mitemo, iyo inogona kugara renhema kana pakudya, yagadzirwa muna 1895. nadzurudzo iyi inonzi "rikambent". Its vakawanda kugadzirwa mukati makore mashomanana pashure mharidzo wechaunga wakati vaita "Peugeot".

Chii zvachinja mukutanga remakore rechi20?

Ancient yemapuranga bhasikoro pakutanga kwezana remakore rechi20, akanyangarika kare. Muna 1915, kwaiva mienzaniso vakapakata mberi uye neshure kuturika. chinangwa chavo chikuru - kushandisa zvinodiwa vehondo Italian. Pashure pemakore gumi, kuonekwa ari mudziyo akatakura bhora mhando, multispeed nomusimboti, kuti conveyor gungano nzira, ari velocity regulator nokuda cheni nemotokari uye simbi nenyere ane rutsoka akamedura.

gearshifts First vaiva kure vakakwana. Akatasva rwemberi vhiri sprocket chaiyo kumativi ose. Kuti ufambe nokukurumidza, zvakanga zvakakodzera kuti amise midziyo, bvisa uye kutsausa vhiri. Uyezve, zvakanga zvakakodzera kuti kuchinja nzvimbo tightness kwemutariri.

Ano kukura bhasikoro

A yemapuraneti giya kuti anoshumira zvikabva nokuda ano kusuduruka mudziyo yagadzirwa muna 1903, asi kupararira aiva nemakore anenge 30 gare gare. A pfupi yapfuura nadzurudzo pamusoro chinja pakati anotamisa chinoitirwa rokuItari nyanzvi yokuchovha bhasikoro Tullio Campagnolo (1950), uyo akazova rinozivikanwa mugadziri velomashin.

Mugore 74th gore rapfuura remakore, pane yemashoko bikes zvakagadzirwa titanium, gare gare - kubva kabhoni faibha. Special kombiyuta kuti chamber mutoro parameters, velocity uye nguva, akabuda muna 1983.

Vintage bhasikoro hwakabudirira, nokuda kushaya pane. Muzana remakore rechimakumi maviri akanga kusagadzikana kukurumbira pakati vaiona kwemichina. Izvi chokuita kukura yemotokari bhizimisi uye nokugadzirwa mopeds, midhudhudhu. Fashion nokuti velomashiny chakamukazve chava Sangano, kuvonga zvikurukuru kuti kusimudzira mararamiro utano uye kudzivirirwa zvipenyu nezvakazvipoteredza hurongwa. The motokari chikuru zvino zvinowanzoshandiswa bhasikoro vagari nyika dzokuEurope. Chinonyanya vanoshingaira vaishandisa vanoonekwa kuti vagari Denmark uye Netherlands. Paavhareji Dane akatasva bhasikoro kumativi 900 makiromita ane gore, mumwe mugari Netherlands - 850? Km. MuGermany uye Belgium, nhamba yakanga 300? Km. Kuderera midziyo inoshandiswa Southern Europe. Somuenzaniso, paavhareji Spaniard unokunda naye makiromita 20 chete.

Features

Hurumende mitemo munyika dzakasiyana, aiming kutanga velostroeniya kunoita popularize chimiro ichi pakufamba, huite nani utano, batsirai nechepakati mumigwagwa inorema motokari uye kuchengetedza zvakatipoteredza. In China, India nedzimwe nyika dzakawanda, bhasikoro anoonekwa huru chokufambisa. Izvi imhaka maneuverability yaro yakamanikana mumigwagwa uye affordability. Pane nyaya kuti zviremera wairambidza kufamba pamusoro muzvigadzirwa mhando ichi, kuti arege kudzivisa ndima motokari. Somuenzaniso, muna Shanghai (2003) rakarambidzwa kwemwedzi inoverengeka.

mashoko anonakidza

Pazasi pane zvinofadza zvinhu chokuita nhoroondo mbiri-mavhiri dzakabatana pasina Motors:

• Bhasikoro pasina chinoramba chichingorerutsa mitemo yakaitwa muna 1814, chakagadzirwa huni, famba pamusoro kunogona, kubvira tsoka pasi.
• Yokutanga bhasikoro nhangemutange rakaitirwa munzvimbo dzeParis ruwa (daro 2 makiromita muna 1868).
• The Russian guru wokuenzanisira pamwe cheni nemotokari vakatanga kuonekwa muna 1880.
• A chinokosha budiriro iri kukura bhasikoro vakauya muna 1884. A murapi wemhuka kubva Scotland Dunlop akazogadzira pneumatic tai. Pakutanga, akaedza kuzadza nemvura, asi yekudyidzana kunoderedza nokukurumidza. Zvadaro, muvambi akaridza mhepo mariri uye tega rinokosha vharafu kudzivirira shure goho nezvakasanganiswa.
• Huru ano bhasikoro mugadziri ndiye China, nokuti rine ruzhinji zvivako (anenge 95% okuwana).

nzira dzekuziva nadzo sarudzo

Kana uchisarudza kuchovha vanofanira kufungawo wandei parameters. Chokutanga, unofanira kusarudza pamusoro vakatozodzokera huru kufamba (guta kana nyika mugwagwa). Chechipiri, zvinokosha kufunga zera uye kurara kuti muridzi. Uyezve, muviri unofanira kuenzaniswa pakakwirira uye kurema munhu. Kufungisisa zvose izvi zvinhu, unogona kunhonga maviri mavhiri ano, ichipa kuchengeteka, kuvimbika uye nyaradzo kufamba.

Ndezvipi mhando bhasikoro ano?

Vintage tricycle zvino unogona kuwana chete mune miziyamu. Modern dzomuzana unogona kukamurwa zvitatu mhando:

1. Mountain womuenzaniso. Vari zvakagadzirirwa kufamba pamusoro akaoma, makomo uye mugwagwa. Qualitative okunatsiridza yakadaro kuonekwa zvikuru nevanhu, yakavimbika, simba uye hunogara. Dzimwe shanduro takashongedzerwa aine peya nehana absorbers (hanger maviri). Pasinei chokwadi kuti motokari iyi kunorema kupfuura mureza kushanduka, zvinoratidza akanakisisa kuita apo motokari iri gogonera hukawanika.
2. Road Mujaho mabhasikoro kutaipa. Izvi mavhiri okunatsiridza nyore vane chikuru dhayamita pamwe yakatetepa matai. The muenzaniso iri vakagadzirira vakarerutsa vhiri, vachibvumira mutyairi kuti vagamuchire ane aerodynamic nzvimbo, nokudaro nani nokukurumidza unongotaura.
3. Mixed dzakasiyana. bikes izvi nokubatanidza yakanakisisa unhu analogues pamusoro apa, Mwari akaronga kuti adzinge kweguta uye mariri, asi regai kuswedera nhengo mutambo vemarudzi.

mugumisiro

Kugadzirwa kuchovha michina zvakaitika anopfuura rimwe remakore. Kukura uye pakasikwa mudziyo uyu wakapindwa yakawanda vavambi uye mhizha. Somugumisiro, mashoko bhasikoro haana varaidzo chete, uye motokari yakazara.