Wachi iri Old Town Square muPrague: mapikicha, tsananguro, nhoroondo

Wachi iri Old Town Square muPrague, ari Prague Orloj - muchadenga wachi akatasva kumaodzanyemba pamadziro Old Town Hall, ndivo dzakakurumbira uye nyika akakurumbira aikosha wokuPrague.

Nhoroondo kuvakwa uye kuvandudzwa

Clock muPrague musi Old Town Square, nhoroondo iri makore anopfuura 600, yakatanga kutaurwa yaMakoronike 1402, asi kare vari kutsiviwa zvokuimba astrolabe mutsva 1410 akaita kadanskim tenzi Mikulas. Vakanga vakaita pamusoro gwaro zvomuchadenga J. Schindele.

Muna 1490 yokugadzirisa dzokurinda vave nani: kupedza karenda raundi uye yakaiswa pamusoro France ari Gothic nhamba. Basa vakaperekedza tenzi Hanus.

Mumakore akatevera dzokudzorerwa kuitwa kakawanda nokuda rushoma kushumira vatarisiri dzavo chime dzimwe nguva kumisa pachavo.

Muna 1552 kudzorerwa racho vakaita tenzi Ya reTabhori.

Zvinotevera kuvandudzwa kwakaitwa muna XVII remakore, kana akatamira mashandiro Vachirova nguva, vamwe nhamba, uyewo mwedzi danho zviratidzo.

History Kudzorerwa Clocks

Muna 1778 muPrague zviremera vakasarudza gujunura kuti nomazviri chinyorwa nokuda kushaya mari kuti kugadziriswa kwayo. Muponesi chime akava munharaunda watchmaker J. Landesberger, izvo 1791 dzakagadzirisa navo for free, kuchengeta kukwezvana zvizvarwa zvaizotevera. Zvisinei, kuti astrolabe nekuti murombo hanya rava akaipa run, uye vaigadzire vakasagona. The mashandiro akawedzera inofananidza AVAPOSTORI.

In pakati chime XIX remakore zvakare vanoda kuti panze. Anotevedzana vaponesi vava watchmakers L. Heinz, C. uye R. Bozhek Danek, uyo wakaitwa kurera mari yokuti vavakezve maawa. Panguva kudzorerwa P. Bozhek kugadzirwa chronometer, iyo zvino anodzora mashandiro (wachi shure 0.5 chete kwemaminitsi pavhiki, inova mugumisiro wakanaka). Kubvira ipapo, sezvo zvino, kugadziriswa pakati wachi mashandiro ndiye wakasimba "Heinz".

Muna 1945, ivo Prague Astronomical Clock dzakakanganiswa zvikuru nevaNazi munguva bombardment kwechikamu ichi muPrague kwepfuti Anti-ndege. emapuranga zvikamu zvose vakapiswa, zvakaipisisa akakanganisa raundi.

Chete muna 1948 wachi mashandiro rakadzorerwa uye Orloj akatanga kushanda sakare. womuti kwokufananidzira zvose zvakaitwa kuzodzosera Carver V. Sucharda uye epakutanga kuti ubatanidzwewo akapona hondo zvino kunoratidzwa muna muPrague Museum.

Sezvo Wachi muPrague musi Old Town Square (yaifananidzira pazasi) rava yakakurumbira aikosha wokuPrague. Wizards vaigona kupora vanenge 75% chepakutanga zvikamu racho.

Clock muPrague musi Old Town Square: Description

Astronomical wachi rinoumbwa zvakawanda zvikamu, huru acho:

• muchadenga mavhiri, izvo anosarudza nzvimbo zuva uye mwedzi mudenga, kuratidza zvimwe yezvenyeredzi vari mhete nyeredzi;
• "Nzira kwevaApostora" - a mashandiro kuti awa rimwe inobudisa zvinofamba zvemaziso inofananidza AVAPOSTORI uye vatambi;
• dhayira pamwe medallions, izvo so pakarenda unoratidza mwedzi.

Astrolabe achishandisa clockwork inoratidza nguva kubva akawanda gadziriro:

• Bhabhironi, umo rakasiyana kureba maawa panguva dzakasiyana yegore;
• Old Czech (kushandiswa shvabaherskie nenhamba);
• CET - anoratidza sezviverengo Roman;
• sidereal nguva (Arabic sezviverengo).

Kusiyana nevamwe Prague Astronomical Clock, yakakurumbira wachi iri Old Town Square muPrague haadi ashandurire kupinda muzhizha, saka hafu yegore vanoratidza isiri nguva (paawa seri European).

Calendar raundi iri akashongedzwa medallions 12 mumwe nomumwe achimiririra mifananidzo woupenyu hwokumaruwa kuMiddle Ages.

Kuti aratidze isinganzwisisiki wachi?

Wachi iri Old Town Square muPrague rinogona kunzi chiumbwa chomufananidzo wenyika duku, izvo zvinoratidza mamiriro wezvose. Achibatsirwa zvokuimba astrolabe, kunyange zvazvo yakanga yakavakwa yeMiddle Ages, unogona kuona nzvimbo Zuva Nomwedzi.

Mufananidzo Earth (zvitema denderedzwa) uye dzimwe chikamu denga (rokumusoro) kumiririra background. On dhisiki 4 rotates zvinofamba zvikamu: chindori neuto zviratidzo kwokunze, mufananidzo zuva nomwedzi.

Masikati zuva inofamba mhiri zvitema necheseri, uye usiku - musi vatema. In maawa mambakwedza uye mambakwedza - red nzvimbo yechipiri. To rworuboshwe pajengachenga zvichinzi avrora (mambakwedza) uye Ortus (zuva), zvakanaka - occasus (ranyura) uye crepusculum (rufuramhembwe).

Golden Sun zvinofamba kumativi pedenderedzwa nyeredzi zviratidzo uye anoratidza kushandisa museve kiyi uye maoko-akaafukidza nendarama yakati:

• panotaurwa kuti sezviverengo Roman vakakurumbira omunharaunda Prague nguva;
• chinzvimbo zviedza munzvimbo curved yendarama mitsetse anosarudza nguva yeBhabhironi;
• pamusoro rokunze chindori ruoko anoratidza maawa akapfuura ranyura pamusoro Old Bohemian calculus;
• Moon inofamba anotora nzvimbo pamusoro ecliptic rukuru nokukurumidza, uye sirivha bhora zvinoratidza womudenga kutotanga.

Pamusoro wachi chiso

Wachi iri Old Town Square muPrague, Akakwezva vashanyi ose awa (mharidzo inoitika kubva 9.00 kusvika 21.00).

Yokumusoro raundi - muchadenga, divi rake 4 dzemitambo, izvo riri mativi ose wachi. Izvi inofananidza vanomirira aishorwa dzevanhu zvakaipa:

• rufu, chiyeuchidzo impermanence woupenyu;
• maturo mufananidzo mufananidzo ane muchionioni;
• makaro (muJudha ane chikwama);
• Zimbabwe Turk inomirira ngozi kwemazana emakore Habsburg zvinobva hweTurkey.

Yapamusoro pamusoro raundi riri mahwindo nemikova, izvo zvinozoita kufambisa inofananidza vaapostora 12. Motion Mapfupa (rufu), izvo kuminyuka tambo anotanga pakuonekwa kwevaApostora mubhokisi: St. Peter akabata kiyi, St. Matei vaityisidzirwa nesanhu, St. Paul akabata bhuku, St. Jan - Cup, St. Jakub - chokurukisa ..... St. Simon -. jeko, St. Thomas - .. pfumo, St. Ondrej naFilip vakabata michinjikwa, St. Bartholomew akakudzvinya maoko ake matehwe, St. Bhanabhasi akabata mupumburu, uye St. Tadhiyo anobata bepa pasi rwake ari forodha ....

Rezasi chiso wachi

Clocks pamusoro Old Town Square, Prague vane wechipiri uye dhayira - nyeredzi (yebhasera 1490) uyo yakashongedzwa kumativi maviri nenhamba: wenhoroondo, ngirozi nyanzvi uye uzivi.

In rokunze mudenderedzwa matema ruvara ndiko chinjwa kunhivi nyeredzi zviratidzo, zvichiratidza nzvimbo zuva iri ecliptic. Zviratidzo dziri uye dziri sezvakarayirwa counterclockwise. Small goridhe nyeredzi inotaura Vernal rinenge riine.

Maererano nyeredzi raundi anogona kuona nyeredzi chiratidzo, zita, zuva uye mwedzi rokuzvarwa. Zvisinei, panguva Town Hall ichimuremera kopi, uye chepakutanga (rakanyorwa naJ Manes ari XIX remakore.) On chakaratidzwa Prague Museum of History.

Panguva mharidzo dzose zvitarisiko uye vaapostora 12 kutama. Panyaya iyi, vokuTurkey akaramba vachidzungudza musoro wake, uye anoratidza miser chikwama. Nokuguma yose kuita chinhu jongwe, zvichiratidza kutanga awa itsva.

Legends pamusoro Orloe

Mumwe ngano nechokuita nemazuva apo wachi iri Old Town Square (Prague, Czech Republic) richiri kuvakwa. Master Hanus, uyo akawedzera chime karenda raundi, saka akarova guta zviremera pamwechete unyanzvi uye runako basa kuti vakasarudza anomutorera kuti kubva ari hapana uye hapana aizokwanisa kuvaka wachi zvakafanana. Akatsamwiswa Tenzi akasarudza kuzviuraya nokusvetukira kubva yakakwirira kupinda mashandiro ari wachi, zvino chime akamira kwemakore mashoma nekuda akuvara. Zvisinei, History, rinoramba riri ngano, Tenzi Hanus (zita rake chairo rakanga Jan Rouge) Zvechokwadi dzakachinja vakarinda sangano, uye vose - yokunyepera.

Imwe ngano anoti kana ukasiya wachi zvinofanira hazvo kuitika njodzi. chichiita Izvi zvakaitika panguva rokurwa Czech Republic nevaNazi, yakapedzwa mberi Old Town Square pakuparadzwa reSoviet nevarwi okupedzisira mauto eGermany muPrague May 8, 1945

Mumwe okupedzisira Kumira pakati wachi kwakaitika muna 2001, pashure izvo zvakaitika zvakawanda mafashamo rukuru, kachifashamira Czech guta (August 2002).

Prague Orloj: wongororo uye pazvidhindo

Chime musi Starometstkoy Square - mumwe chikuru zvinokwezva wokuPrague, izvo chinokwezva zviuru zvevashanyi vanopinda ezvipfuwo ose awa kutarisa waivako pamwe kutamira nenhamba.

Usiku hapana kumifananidzo havapo, pakati wachi uye tsvimbo vari mubasa nezvokudzorerwa uye gadziridzo kuti zvigadziriswe uye mukufambisira shongwe. Watches zvinoda kutarisirwa daily (lubrication zvigadziriswe nevamwe.), Uye murinde nokuti izvi vanhu.

vashanyi vakawanda vanouya kuyemura wachi iri Old Town Square muPrague, inofambiswa wako runoratidzwa nomufaro uye nechido. Orla iri pakati Prague nzvimbo umo dzinoitwa paKrisimasi uye mamwe mazororo kupemberera, nhumbi inoitwa. Apa pane zvakawanda mumaresitorendi uye cafes vane richinaka makeke uye chikafu nemakanzuru.

mhedziso

Muna 2010, ivo Prague Orloj wokupemberera ayo 600th mhembero. Muguta paiva pamitambo zviitiko yakatsaurirwa chiitiko ichi. All apfuura emakore, akakurumbira Astronomical Clock muPrague kunokwezva vashanyi zhinji, uye vanoramba akakurumbira kupfuura zana.

Kunyanya yakaisvonaka ndiyo nzvimbo iri New Year mazororo: pakati muchivara yakaitika guta guru Christmas muti uye achitenderera yomutambo zvinoratidzei, izvo akapoteredzwa Ages spiers nemisasa nowenyika rimwe fairytale uye chikuru chinoshamisa chepanzvimbo kushanda.