WeCanterbury Cathedral (UK): tsananguro, Photo

In rwezasi-kumabvazuva kwemhenderekedzo kuEngland, The County pamusoro Kent, rinokwira majestically zvikuru nomukurumbira uye mukuru Gothic chivako mudunhu, nhaka emakore chiKristu - weCanterbury Cathedral (pamutemo zita - The Cathedral uye Metropolitan Church weCanterbury). temberi iyi, Photo izvo zvinoratidza simba uye simba, kwemazana emakore semupi nomusimboti kuvaKristu British.

Kusvikira zvino ichi chinoshamisa mapurani Monument yave rakaramba munuhwi kwayo uye anoshanda sezvo dzokugara romusoro Chechi yeEngland uye Anglican chirairo - mukuru weCanterbury.

The nyaya inotangira

WeCanterbury Cathedral vanodada ayo nhoroondo refu, iyo yakatanga kubva panguva apo chitsuwa yeBritain kuzivana nevaRoma. In iyoyo temberi vaHedheni kure vari pano. Nechekare pashure chitsuwa akashanyirwa nevaRoma, nzvimbo chibayiro ikava yechihedheni tsvene (ichi chakaitika vakapoteredza V remakore).

Pope Gregory Ndaida kupararira chiKristu pano: Panyaya iyi, aichimbova abbot pakati wemamongi St. Andrew muRoma, Augustine weCanterbury akanga arayira kuti kuronga mokundoparidza kuBritish Isles, chinangwa chiri kutsakatisa zvechihedheni uye kupararira kwechiKristu.

The Pamusana rwoumishinari muna 597 uye akava weCanterbury Cathedral, yakavambwa kuitira ake, vachikudza vaichengetedza mutsvene Jesu Kristu. Mukuwedzera, kunze kwemasvingo guta yakavakwa wemamongi Saints Petro naPauro, iyo gare gare akanga apiwa zita rokuti rokukudza St. Augustine. Pano isu akavigwa muguta mabhishopi.

Wokutanga kutsemuka

Cathedral, mune mubvunzo (mu England kunonzi sezvo weCanterbury Cathedral), kakawanda vakavakazve. Saka, pashure yaigadzirisa kunze akanga akaita Cathedral St. Peter muRoma. Muzana X remakore kumativi Zvivako zvechitendero dutu Benedictine wemamongi.

Pakutanga XI remakore rabva inosuruvarisa mucherechedzo nhoroondo Church - akatambura zvikuru kukuvadzwa kubva VaViking, kudzosa zvakanga zvisingaiti. Pakarepo vakarwisa vokuDenmark akakunda uye gare gare vakauraya Archbishop Alfeydzha, uyo akazova mukuru weCanterbury vakafira kutenda okutanga.

Wokupedzisira pfungwa munhoroondo chiKristu, muzinda nguva kuBritish Isles akaisa moto kuti kwakaitika gare gare hafu yezana remakore.

New Femera Cathedral

Uye muna 3 years pashure penjodzi, muna 1070, akatanga kuvaka chechi itsva nzvimbo muzvivako vakapisa dzechitendero. Aitungamirira kuvakwa wokutanga Norman Archbishop Lanfranc, akanga akabata pambiru kwemakore 7.

WeCanterbury Cathedral, pikicha iyo inoratidza sei chivako chitsva sokunge yemamongi St. Stephen kuFrance, kwaakanga vamboshanda sezvo Rector, akagashira upenyu hutsva. Kunyange dombo nokuda kuvaka akaendeswa Archbishop kumusha. 1077 aizivikanwa akazvitsaurira richangobva chakavakwa Christian Center uye yakavhurwa kune voruzhinji.

ropa First muzita rechitendero

WeCanterbury Cathedral akamborara zviitiko zvakawanda muupenyu hwake. Mumwe chakajeka uye zvikuru inosuruvarisa Zvikamu akanga umbwende kupondwa Thomas Becket. Nyaya iyi yakatanga pakutanga ari XII remakore, apo England Mambo Henry II Plantagenet akagadza shamwari yake yepedyo, Ishe chanzera raMwari Becket, musoro wekereke Anglican. Akagadzwa, Ishe Thomas akatora ichi honorary nzvimbo, asi enyika zvakasiyana pamwe Mambo England uye naIshe Awesome Advocacy chechi kwakatungamirira kuti December 29, 1170 varayirwa Henry II, akaurayiwa nenzira Knights dzearitari tsvene Church.

Gare gare, Mambo vakapfidza kwechiito chake, uye somunhu mhando kudzikinurwa mhosva nokukurumidza rokuzvidavirira akauraya musande (chiitiko ichi chakaitika makore matatu pashure bhishopi afa pane makore mashanu). Thomas Becket wechipiri renyeredzi archbishops kutenda avo vakaurayiwa panguva ushumiri wekereke iri weCanterbury.

Simba rinoporesa Thomas Becket

Kwenguva refu neguva mupristi kwainzi nzvimbo kuporesa vanorwara, pagore kukwezva mazana Cathedral achida kuporesa. Pakati vashanyi nzvimbo aizovigwa Becket vaiva vanokudzwa vaiuya norupo mipiro. Vaiwana mari uri outorwa akaenda pedutu. Temple, mapikicha iyo inoratidza kuti gadziridzo yake paakapiwa mari yakawanda, waigona ikozvino kuriritira pachavo.

Zvisinei, muna 1174 iye akapukunyuka zvakare moto, izvo zvakazoita vakapisa emapuranga zvinoumba chacho. Kwete chete akatambura crypt, iyo yakaramba rwayo panguva vavakezve. Vamwe kuvaka kuvakwazve vachitungamirirwa mapurani French William pamusoro Sens, asi kare muna Gothic manyorerwo. Zvadaro kuvaka akatungamirirwa wokuEngland William Chirungu Bricklayer. Panguva iyi, zvisaririra zviri apondwa archbishops vakakurudzirwa kubva crypt iri katedraali rinovakwazve.

Panguva nzvimbo yokupisira apse zvakanzi akavaka chapero Mutsvene Utatu, wakaita kuti pabhokisi pakati Thomas Becket. Pano akagara kusvikira 1538, apo Mambo chinotevera England - Henry VIII Tudor chigaro - shanje incredible Chiesa zveminda nokuda Mapilgrim, ane nhamba haana yakaderera mushure moto, yakasarudza zvakakodzera pfuma mutemberi.

Kuti izvi zvidaro, mubati England rakazivisa yavasina wemufi emakore anopfuura matatu apfuura, Bhishopi. Sezvingatarisirwa, yokupedzisira haana kuonekwa pamusoro payo. Izvi, pamwe kupomerwa hurumende, vaiita kuti kuziva Thomas Becket nemhosva ukabata pfuma kubva paguva rake muchifarira papfuma yamambo. machechi shoma muEngland anozvikudza chakadaro akapfuma uye panguva imwecheteyo inosuruvarisa nhoroondo tinorwisana poumambo.

Achitungamirirwa William ari wokuEngland pedyo chapero Mutsvene Trinity yakavakwa nomumwe, anozivikanwawo sokuti "Korona Becket": hune korona yomusoro, yaiva pazuva kupondwa Archbishop.

vakiridzo itsva

WeCanterbury Cathedral yakavakwazve 1184, asi buri raro kwakaitika chete muna 1220.

Chapel itsva ikazadzwa namarinda archbishops uye akakurumbira inofananidza kuMiddle Ages. Saka, pano zvakachengeterwa dzasara yakakurumbira vakawanda vari Makore Zana War, Edward ari Black Prince; King Henry IV Bolingbroke.

Humwe vavakezve Church yakaitwa muna 1377, apo huru uye transept akasarudza kuvakazve muna Chirungu Gothic manyorerwo. Kudengenyeka kwepasi kwakaitika muna ra1382 rave kwakaderedza basa rinopfupfunyuka, pakukoka kudzorerwa chivakwa kwenguva mamwe emakore mashoma.

Mushure dzakawanda pazvinhu, yaigadzirisa uye kugadziriswa pakati Church vawana chimiro chayo ano (muna 30-ies zviri XIX remakore), kana panzvimbo nechekumadokero neshongwe, izvo vaityisidzira hupere, rakadzikwa girazi tichiratidza rwezasi-kumadokero shongwe chivako chitsva muna Gothic manyorerwo.

Upenyu Cathedral iri XX remakore

1942 achiri rimwe dambudziko nokuda Church, iyo kwave kuchiita Luftwaffe bvuta: vamwe zvivakwa zvikurukuru node. Paigadziriswa muna 1954 aparadza Zvivako yadzorerwa, uye Cathedral kugadziriswa akaitwa. Zvisinei chikuru Monument michina kazhinji zvinoda zvakadzama kupora kubva kwevhu anoparadza nelimestone iyo yakavakirwa.

Modern Cathedral chacho basa

Pari, kuvaka yechitendero kushanda so regimental kuchechi Royal chemazana chehondo of Wales Queen. In rokuvakazve wake mari aunganidzwa, nekuti chivakwa kwakadaro simba kunoda mari outlay pamusoro kuvariritira uye kunaya.

Mukuru netemberi venyika vanogona kunyatsonzi kudada chokwadi kuti zvinosanganisira dangwe mapurani pazvivako, ane muunganidzwa zvinosanganisira mabhurocha anopfuura 50,000 uye mabhuku akasiyana bhuku nguva uye akapfuma munhoroondo rinoratidza dambudziko rakaoma.