X-ray bvunzo: Method uye zvakarurama kugadzirira wevarwere

Mumwe kiyi ezvinhu kuti chinobudirira mishonga yezvirwere siyana ndiyo kuongororwa zvakarurama. X-ray bvunzo zvinogona zvakanaka se rimwe rakajairika uye yakavimbika nzira nokuda Pakusarudza chaiyo zvinetso muviri.

Ndezvipi X-ray bvunzo

Hwaro ichi mhando kutsvakurudza kukwanisa kuti maekisirei kupinda nomuviri tishu. Zvichienderana arambe achirema, ukobvu uye mumuviri-makemikari anoumba nyama uye nhengo kwevanhu Absorção de Água yevanhu maekisirei zvinogona zvakasiyana.

Nokuda kwechikonzero ichi, nhengo dzomukati uye nhengo, izvo zvakawanda gobvu (pfupa, midziyo makuru, chiropa, mwoyo), chidzitiro akaratidza muchimiro mimvuri, asi Somuenzaniso, zvemapapu rinenge nokuda guru Vhoriyamu mhepo nharaunda anotarira sokupenya Naiwo mufaro.

Preparation chidzidzo kwacho

X-ray bvunzo yaitwa kuti kuongororwa yakarurama murwere ezvinhu. Uye kunyange, Pakutanga, pakuitika, hapana chakaoma, vamwe varwere vanofanira kugadzirira nokuti nomuviri mupfungwa. Vanamukoti, akavapindurawo, vanofanira ishe mabikirwo kugadzirira varwere kuti paku zvidzidzo. Naizvozvo, zvakakosha kuti varwere pachavo kuteerera chokwadi chokuti zvakakodzera pamusoro chikamu navanachiremba anoitwa.

Kugadzirira radiological yokudzidza ongororo mhando kunosanganisira kubviswa uye kudzivirira chero nzira imwe nhengo, izvo zvinogona kukanganisa pakuwana nemigumisiro yakarurama. Somuenzaniso, mune nechirwere kuti itsvo kuti vagadzirire kuchenesa ura uye kudzivirira gasi inotungamirwa mairi. Kuti izvi zvidaro, manheru asati nezuva kuongorora uye mangwanani zuva rakatevera, murwere akaisa kuchenesa enema uye chengetedza mvura mvura yaunodya. Uyewo, murwere pakarepo pamberi X-ray nzira chinorambidzwa kushandisa chikafu uye mvura.

In varwere yokudzidza radiography akanunura kweawa pashure muura vari kudururira.

Intravenous urography - Preparation

Kana murwere akaita pakugadzirira X-ray ongororo, zvichiratidza intravenous urography, chinangwa ndiyewo kudzivirira gasi inotungamirwa uye intestinal kucheneswa. Sezvo rairatidza chirwere takatsunga ne Urinary hurongwa. Contraindications zvinosanganisira enema Pfungwa ikawanda aikanganiswa X-ray musiyano nevasori ane ayodhini.

Muchiitiko ichi zvinhu anoshandiswa zvakadai urotrast uye verografin. Mumazuva mashoma asati maekisirei zvinopedzwa kubva zvokudya anotevera zvinhu pamwe ichivhuvhuta kushanda :. Apples, rye chingwa, bhinzi, mukaka, etc. Kana flatulence chiremba kazhinji unogadza carbol. Mushonga uyu kudiwa 4 nguva zuva nezuva 2-3 Mahwendefa.

Manheru uye mangwanani murwere akaisa enema kucheneswa, pamwe usiku pamberi kudzidza kuita mvura mvura yaunodya. Kana murwere anonunurwa yakafanira nguva munhoroondo hosha iri kudzidza, izvo aidzidzisa, mukoti anopinda ake radiopaque fuma nomutsinga.

Apo vose pamusoro kugadzirira mumatanho Apfuura, yaiitisa X-ray bvunzo. Kumwe algorithm nezviito vane uye nevamwe matanho regadziriro izvo kunangana nokuisa mudumbu uye kudzivirira gasi inotungamirwa (cholecystography, zvidzidzo gastrointestinal uye nevamwe.).

dumbu kudzidza

Sezvo rebei chikamu nevakawanda zvirwere iri chokuita zvomudumbu hurongwa, radiological kuzviongorora mudumbu zviri kupfuura chaiwo. mhando iyi nechirwere rinogona kurondedzerwa webetsero, sezvo rinoshandiswa kunyanya vanofungidzirwa gastritis. Translucence mudumbu anopa kukwanisa zvakarurama ticherechedze kuvapo siyana anatomical abnormalities uye kuongorora epithelial aizorodzwa kuvapo namamota, hernias, maronda uye polyps.

Kazhinji, maekisirei vari kutarisirwa kana zviratidzo zvakadai kutyorwa rwecheya, munyoro dumbu marwadzo uye kuda kurutsa, izvo hanya nguva dzose. Kugadzirira X-ray pakuongorora mudumbu sezvinotevera: akatamba 12 maawa nenzara kunokonzerwa kukundikana bhabhurigamu uye kusvuta zvakazara, murwere anonwa munhu barium mhinduro, dzimwe nguva - pamwe ayodhini mhinduro, iyo unogona kuwana musiyano mufananidzo mudumbu rusvingo mumifananidzo.

Kana totaura murwere anenge vanofungidzirwa urikanwi pane izvi, kuti kutituma ndiwo anonzi niche. Ichi wekubhabhatidzwa kuzadza chakaremara Kutemeswa urikanwi, kusiyana mumiririri. X-ray pakuongorora mudumbu kuziva chinhu urikanwi zvakarurama kana riri pamusoro muduku curvature. Asi pyloric urikanwi uye prepiloricheskie dzinoratidza rakaoma zvikuru. Asi chikuru chikamu zvikanganiso zviri nedanho nechirwere kunoitika muna Detective nemaronda subcardial mudumbu. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti kuziva mano mudumbu kubvisa fluoroscopic yokudzidza vachipfuma zvakarurama endoscopic uchapupu.

Studies of nemudumbu (Git)

Muchiitiko chino, X-ray inoshandiswa kuongorora mamiriro yose zvomudumbu hurongwa. Maekisirei ari nemudumbu inoshandiswa kuita zvinotevera mabasa:

- Visualization nefurawa morphological mashoko (gastric minda kusanganisira);

- kudzidza injini kushanda nemudumbu;

- kugadzira mashoko inonzi wakagamuchira chokuita dzakaonekwa kuchinja, kusanganisira Rigidity uye rusvingo zvikamu.

Zvinokosha yakarurama kusarudza ukuru compression, injini, Zvakanyanya Kunaka Panguva Yepamuviri fungidziro uye nokugaramo mwero kuti sighting kwepfuti. Achiita mabasa pamusoro apa zvinogoneka kuna mamwe kushandiswa transillumination pashure sighting Serial radiography, ine yakakwirira spatial resolution.

bhokisi X-ray

Musimboti siyana iyi X-ray rokuongorora ndiko kuwana mufananidzo pechipfuva. Nokuda vasiri yunifomu arambe achirema ari danda achipfuura navo, zvinoita kuti pave zvachose mufananidzo wehurumende kwemiviri.

Maekisirei pakati mumapapu ane zvinotevera zvairatidza kuti: zvakasiyana siyana zvirwere principales, mapapu uye trachea. Zvingava bundu, bronchitis, tibhii, mabayo uye siyana Occupational zvirwere. With kwakadai kuongororwa, chiremba anogona kuwana mashoko uye nhengo dzakadai mwoyo, diaphragm, uyewo thoracal nomuzongoza uye mbabvu.

Chest X-ray, inova chimwe chezvinhu mukurumbira, rinonyatsotarira muchidimbu mifananidzo, akaita mu maberere maviri (frontal uye lateral) akamiswa.

Kana zvakakodzera, unogona kuitwa zvemapapu kuri, vachibvumira tiwane mifananidzo akawanda, izvo anobudiswa panguva dzakasiyana mukudzika zvemapapu tishu ukobvu. With mifananidzo izvi chiremba anogona kuongorora pathological pfungwa zvizere.

Kusiyana kuitika mudumbu, X-ray bvunzo ndivo nzira kiyi Qualitative nechirwere pamusoro zvemapapu ezvinhu, uye munzvimbo dzakasiyana zvachose zvinhu zvokurapa (kurapa, thoracal Surgery, Pulmonology uye Tibhii).

tsvakurudzo itsvo

Chinangwa maekisirei zvakadyiwa neitsvo unoshanda kufungidzira yavo morphological uye dzichipfekeka maitiro, uyewo Urinary turakiti. Data izvi kubvumira kuona kukura, chinzvimbo, uye muviri chimiro, nzvimbo uye kuvapo concretions, uye hurumende pyelocaliceal hurongwa.

X-ray kuongorora etsvo (zvakapa kushandiswa kusiyana nevasori) ndiyo chisingadiwi varwere maari pane chinokosha rutapudzo mitambo muviri. Kuti tidzivise chero neutachiona, zvinokosha kuti tizive kuti akapfuura pamberi varwere dzakadaro tsvakurudzo kwakadaro uye kana paive nemishonga pashure kwokubatsira zvinodhaka.

Kana akaipa zviratidzo havana kuchengetwa, gadziriro murwere X-ray zvatichaongorora kusanganisira peremedikatsiyu pamwe steroids uye antihistamines. Zvinokoshawo kuti tiite macheki murwere aikanganiswa siyana zvinodhaka ayodhini-tune.

Kusiyana radiography

Nokudzidza akasiyana nzira X-ray zvidzidzo, chirwere ichi zvaireva, rinonziwo Angiocardiography, uyewo kugadziriswa. Chinangwa charo kuti zvakarurama kuona mamiriro mwoyo Makamuri zvikuru midziyo ropa achishandisa anokosha Yatanga Kuongorora. mhando iyi nechirwere, pfungwa, rinogona akatsunga kuvhiyiwa. Izvi zvinoitika muna uchishandisa kamuri, izvo ane midziyo uye riri munharaunda cardiac Kuvhiya (zvikurukuru tichifunga nzira).

Kuti aite X-ray bvunzo iyi mhando zvakakodzera kutora ivhu kuti portability antiseptics uye zvinodhaka ayodhini tubhokisi. Kudzidza pachayo yaifanira usina chawadya. Uyezve, kudiwa uchizvichenjerera murwere nokuda vanamukoti sezvo radiopaque fuma akasuma kupinda mhango kwemoyo, zvinogona kutungamirira kwete chete kune mangwanani, asiwo mukupera matambudziko.

Good kuziva Kusiyana X-ray Kuongorora kuti anogona kuva chikonzero zviratidzo zvakadai semugari kurova kwehana, kupfupika mweya, kunoderedza BP, kurwadziwa mwoyo, chitarisiko simba uye zvayo kudzikira. Muchiitiko chino, unofanira pakarepo kutaura mukoti, izvo zvinozoita vanosungirwa kuisa chiremba anoziva ndachinja murwere ezvinhu.

kuongorora chirwere kuti bowel

Chikamu ichi muviri, sezvinoita vamwe, kunodawo zvinonyatsochengeta tsanangudzo yaivhuvhuta kuchinja nyaya nokufungirana kuti kukura chero chirwere. Maekisirei ari muura nechinangwa kuziva zvinhu uye zvivako huru uye diki ura. Munguva yokudzidza murwere anotora musiyano slurry (100 g mvura uye 100 g barium sulfate). Mushure memaawa 2.5 ari slurry anopinda cecum. Ndechokuti yezwi iri kuturika dumbu mwero (pashure kana pamberi wava) kuona kana paine chero kutyorwa motokari chaitika.

Kana muura x-mwaranzi rinoitwa mushure slurry anozadza akaparadzaniswa kumusoro uye transverse muura. translucency ichi anokwanisa kuziva mamiriro ose kwenzvimbo, adhesions uye constriction mudunhu chirwere.

Kusiyana radiography of principales

Chinangwa yokudzidza iri kuziva bundu iri principales, zvemapapu rinenge riri mhango uye kuwedzera muviri. The chirwere muitiro rinoitwa kushandisa musiyano svikiro iri jekiseni kupinda lumen yacho principales.

In kugadzirira bronhografii rinosanganisira premedication, vakayambusa bvunzo kubvumirawo zvimwe zvinodhaka zvine ayodhini, kucheneswa kubva Árbol muti (kana vakawana purulent sputum), tsanangudzo chakakoshera murwere uye chinangwa kuuya kudzidza, anodiwa kuchinja zvaunodya nezuva pamberi radiography.

Nekuti pashure chirwere maitirwo ezvinhu zvingatora matambudziko, murwere anopiwa vainyatsotarisirwa mune hutachiwana kwapera.

Dzidza gallbladder

Chinangwa X-ray - inzira yakananga gallbladder, deformation, chinzvimbo, ukuru nokuisa uye kuvapo mabwe mairi. Kana Diagnostics vakadaro akashandisa radiological fuma ane wevasungwa rinosvika vaifanira pashure maawa 10-15 mushure kutarisira.

Kana intravenous musiyano zvinhu kupinda kudzidza rinofanira kunzi intravenous cholegraphy. Nzira iyi rinoshandiswa vanenge kana zvakakodzera kuti siyanisa intrahepatic bile kuungana.

X-ray bvunzo vana

Pakutanga, zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti ive ine chirwere nzira dzakawanda kushandisa maekisirei haisi ngozi vana.

X-ray Kuongorora mune vana chinoitwa kuti kuona rinokosha zvose uchapupu yacho. Zvinokosha kucherechedza kuti chokwadi chokuti zvingakanganisa yokuwana X-ray nemwaranzi dererei zvikuru kupfuura zvinoita kutyisidzira kuti rwakaonekwa pasina yepamusoro Diagnostics.

X-ray rokuongorora hurongwa kushandiswawo chirwere kwokufara vakadzi vane pamuviri uye uchiyamwisa. Kana kukuvara vanamai vari kuyamwisa hapana chikonzero chokunetseka. Kana vakadzi anotakura mwana, zviri kusvetuka kuti padanho ngozi rokuongorora uchishandisa X-ray kunoenderana mhando nzira uye nguva akazvitakura.

zvakawanikwa

Mashoko ari pamusoro apa, zviri nyore kugumisa kuti mashoko X-ray bvunzo kunogona kubatsira kuziva zvirwere kukanganisa siyana nhengo uye mugadziriro dzemuviri. Nokuda kwechikonzero ichi, vanogona kunzi rimwe inonyatsobudirira ano nzira nechirwere.