Yanyatsosimba kongiri rakanyorwa. Yanyatsosimba kongiri Slabs: kukura, unhu, mutengo

Kushandiswa musayenzi uye kwesayenzi zvakagadzirwa kunyanya kuoneka rokuvaka - dzakasiyana nzvimbo nyika kuonekwa zvivako, kuvakwa vangadai zvisingafungidziriki imwe nguva yapfuura.

New zvinhu, michina mitsva uye zvokushandisa kukubvumira kuvaka dzichimhanya, wakakwidzwa, zvakawanda hwakavimbika. Asi pane kuvaka michina zvinhu kuti murege rirasikirwe kwavo kwenguva refu kwazvo nguva. Ndicho chesamende rakanyorwa - musimboti tega hafu yezana remakore adarika, asi hazvigoni kuita pasina zvikuru futuristic zvirongwa.

Patent 1867

Vazhinji vanoziva nyaya webindu French Zhozefa Mone, inova Achiedza kuti vave dzakaonda akavakirirwa kongiri Upfu chakafanana tsvimbo simbi uye akaifukidza marongera esimende dhaka. The zvichiguma monolithic chigadzirwa ane ehupfumi haungambofari zvimwe zvinhu. Monier patented munyika dzakasiyana, nzira kugadzirwa Akazadzisa kongiri-siyana mazano, kusanganisira avo vakanga vakapa chesamende rakanyorwa masvingo uye partitions.

Professional vavaki akaita yakabvumira kugadziriswa kwemutemo wekuita avo kukura muvambi; aiva Fittings pakati chaipo paiva kongiri, uye Masvomhu zvakaratidza kuti nzvimbo chisimbiso keji zvinofanira kusarudzwa inobva chaizvo ezvinhu, kufungisisa mitoro rinoshandisirwa STRUCTURAL chikwata. Saka, chinjikira RC Slabs yanyatsosimba pamwe musoro, rikaisa matanda pedyo pasi ndege nendiro, - apo mukuru tensile mauto.

Improvement michina

Today Akazadzisa kongiri kunopihwa ehupfumi hunodiwa zvikuru oga ezvinhu. Force zvinhu - chisimbiso mumakeji - vane sandara uye spatial akazviratidza prestressed (String, Beam) yanyatsosimba paine STRUCTURAL maitiro. Various kongiri admixtures kunonoka kana mhanyisa marongerwe uye simba kukura. Akazadzisa kongiri zvinowanzodavirwa kushandiswa kuvaka sezvo ariye zvinhu, kuroorwa, uye hombe zvivako, mari.

Processability, simba, mukurumari, mwando, bio- uye moto, upfumi - zvakanakira aya mamiriro kushandiswa zvakasimbisa kongiri mune ramangwana. Monolithic RC Slabs kana akagadzirira prefabricated pekugara kuvaka kuchaita vanoda refu chaizvo nguva, nekuti, Inter Alia, ine dzinongoitika zvinhu, mazano aya zvakatipoteredza ushamwari uye nyore zvishandiswezve uye kushandiswazve.

Mhando kongiri Slabs

Panzvimbo chikumbiro Munokudzwa hwaro, mugwagwa uye uriri Slabs. chigadzirwa kwakadaro kunogona kugadzirwa mufekitari uye waendeswa yokuvaka uye yakaiswa. Kakawanda yanyatsosimba kongiri rakanyorwa, uyewo mamwe zvigadzirwa prefabricated pekugara, iri yakatarwa Welding achishandisa midzi simbi.

The bhodhi inogona kugadzirwa munharaunda. The monolithic rakanyorwa sezvo hwaro uye midziyo nokuda zvenguva paburiro uye denga chifukidzo, kunyanya kushandiswa zvivako kana isiri mureza mapurani apo chikumbiro iri chakaoma Crane kunodiwa kuti kuisa Precast kongiri zvigadzirwa. The musika rine nhamba mano (kusanganisira casing) zvakakwana, zvichiita muitiro kutengeka uye kuzvidzora kuvakwa.

zvinoyangarara hwaro

garo Chimiro pasi chivako - kwete yakachipa pashiri sarudzo, asi kazhinji - zvine musoro. Monolithic zvakasimbisa kongiri rakanyorwa, kudzokorora tichitarisa rehurukuro rokunze madziro pasi wokutanga, anowanzonzi akayangarara nheyo. Izvi zvinoreva kuti mutoro uri munhu zvikamu kuvaka iri chakasvitswa nheyo ivhu noruvara huzere unoshanda sezvo rimwe Kufananidzira, hazvina pasi deformation nokuda nyandu nevhu, guru kudzika nechando kana mukuru pasi nzvimbo. Zvechokwadi, izvi zvose zvinoshanda nheyo rakanyorwa, akaurayiwa pamwe zvakakodzera unhu.

Chinhu chinokosha uye vashoma zvinodhura kubva zvose pfungwa maonero pachikuva umhare nheyo iri kugadzirira jecha chawo, izvo zvichaita kuumbwa ndiro. Unofanira kuita imwe yakawanda kupikidura, muzadze uye Compact jecha racho - vachiteura mvura kana compaction.

Installation nheyo ndiro

Rezasi rukoko Kazhinji harikunguruswi geotextile usingabereki achigarira maoko muvhu mhinduro. Zvadaro, munoenzanisa kongiri kugadzirira mvura. Pashure koukukutu rukoko urwu aifanira kubhedhenura mupumburu mvura pindana uye gluing.

Chisimbiso ari mudziyo maviri interconnected pajira riya akaturikidzana. Chisimbiso mizariro rezasi rukoko vari kuiswa mune chaiyo okusungisa, saka kuti recessed mu chesamende rukoko. Concreting nyore rwaiitwa zvakananga pamusoro etc. ari tireyi chisanganiso Truck, Concrete pombi, Pashure arapa nguva akaisa kongiri rakanyorwa, nheyo vagadzirira pakuvaka imba.

A monolithic uriri rakanyorwa

In yakadaro pasi-kuwedzera kuvaka uriri rakanyorwa unokandirwa ari formwork munzvimbo, kushandiswa kakawanda. To ichi pane dzakananga prerequisites. Kunze mukuru kuti kongiri hwakanaka - simba, moto nemishonga, dzakafanana kuparadzirwa vakanzwisisa mupfungwa - kune dzakananga zvakwakanakira pakusarudza mabikirwo. Chief pakati pavo - kushaya kudiwa midziyo kuvakwa inorema uye mukana pindana mano chero chimiro iri urongwa maonero.

Change runodiwa mundiro ukobvu uye ayo chisimbiso zvirongwa zvakanaka kusiyira unyanzvi. Mune zvimwe zviitiko zvinokosha kuziva zvinotevera. Plate haasi wakawondereiko kudai mazuva ose 150 neMM, kuti rakanyorwa ukobvu kunotemwa kubva kureba vakaprofita aperture iri kuwanda 1:30 - 1:35. Kana muedzo zvakafanira kuyeuka pamusoro achisimbisa pamucheto ndiro U-yakaumba L-zvakaumbwa mumabhuraketi.

Michina Features

Pane nzira dzakawanda kwazvo reusable formwork nokuda monolithic Slabs pamusoro pamusika. Asi kutenga zvakare nayo zvinodhura kuti mudzidzi muvaki. Kunyange paine mikana kutora nyanzvi Snap panze, uye kuti zvaizova zvakanakisisa sarudzo - runovimbisa nokukurumidza uye unhu pindana mano. Chero zvazvingava, kushandiswa kutsigira telescopic Racks zvakawanda nyore pane mapuranga kana nembariro, sezvo kupfeka rakaparadza formwork kunokosha chaizvo.

Concreting zvakafanira kuti aite rimwe danho, pamwe compaction uye vibrating musanganiswa. Mazuva matatu okutanga moisturize pfapfaidzo kongiri kudzivisa cracking walnut kubva gogonera kuomesa.

Precast kongiri

Kuvaka Zvivako nekongiri zvigadzirwa kugadzirwa kunyatsonzwisisa fekitari mutsetse, runoonekwa zvikuru akakodzera multi-storey dzinogarwa nezvivako vakawanda. Asi duku kukura anamapako prefabricated Slabs - zvikuru rakakodzera chisarudzo. Prefabricated zvakasimbisa kongiri rakanyorwa - a isingadhuri wokusarudza bindepinde, vanogona kuiswa chero ekunze, uye kumhanya naro iri yepamusoro zvikuru.

Zvakaoma kushandisa guru Precast rakanyorwa uremu iyo ine kongiri Slabs. miganhu yavo mureza - ichi zvinofanira kufungwa nemagadzirirwo rwakazara. Chimwe chinetso - kudiwa kondo, kunyange kwenguva duku nharaunda bindepinde.

Mhando prefabricated Slabs

Solid, chikukutu ndiro rakashandiswa rinokosha hurongwa uye zvinoriumba: se kugadzira zvinhu kana mugero kuti hwokutiparadza kukurukurirana mudziyo. Vari kusiyaniswa yakakwirira nesimba uye uremu.

Plates kuva raundi kana chinhu chakakombama serin'i longitudinal in, kupenya uye nani ruzha uye nokupisa kuputira unhu. mukaha-Musimboti kongiri Slabs - mhando chigadzirwa yaishandiswa Precast Slabs. Ivo inoshandiswa zvivako chine simba kongiri puranga, prefabricated kuvakwa, zvidhina masvingo, etc. Yakanga Isina inogona kushandiswa nokuisa pamusoro netambo kuti siyana mafomu - .. Electric, kuderedzwa voltage.

The mhando wechitatu - ribbed kana hipped, rinowanzoshandiswa rokuvaka indasitiri hwekushanda zvaiva makuru. Pakukora ari rakanyorwa micheto dzakakudzingai simba - kubva 140-160 mm.

prestressed chisimbiso, izvo zvinoita chokupika kwavo simba rakafanana waivako monolithic w / W mapuriro akashandiswa pagadzirwe Slabs.

Standard hukuru pamusoro kwamahwendefa

Kushandiswa Precast mhango uriri zvinofanira yatinowana padariro mazano imba nezveramangwana. Standard hukuru pamusoro ndiro kungava kutituma kukura chirongwa imba nezveramangwana. Bindepinde, izvo zvaida non-mureza zvitarisiko kana ndiro hukuru ringave kudhura.

Naizvozvo, magadzirirwo vanofanira kupa kushandiswa mureza zvinogona: ndiro ukobvu - 220 neMM, upamhi - 1, 1,2 uye 1.5 m, uye kureba - kubva 2.4 9 m, vakawanda 100 mm.

Nzira Kugadzirwa Slabs

In pagadzirwe mikuru nzira mbiri anoshandiswa mhango-Musimboti Slabs. Imwe - zvikuru tsika, kushandisa reusable shuttering achitanga kuti Slabs kugara, zvakafanorongwa kukura mitemo. Pashure kugadzwa Fittings uye zvinhu achiumba voids, chacho izere kongiri kunovhengana uye nenharo kuti mhanyisa chirongwa okurapa kongiri uye akavaita simba. Vakawana nenzira iyi yakasimba Slabs GOST 9561-91 anorayiridza unotara tsamba PC.

Mune imwe - mberi - wavhomorwa by ndiro pamire huru makapeti sezvo chinoramba Ribbon pamusoro 100-200 metres urefu uchishandisa chaiyo Kuumbwa muchina. Prestressing ndiko chimiro tensioned simbi tambo kwaida chikamu. Paaizosvika mumwe dhigirii nezvakavhenganiswa simba tepi unotemwa pamwe nedhaimani mudziyo mumaoko mapazi eumambo achida urefu uye kunyange panguva inodiwa akachinjikana. Concrete Slabs vari vakawana, ane mutengo ndiyo 20% kudzika kudarika kwakajairika zvigadzirwa - kukaseti - kurimwa nzira. Kunoonekwa zviratidzo zvakadaro ndiro PB.

Mazita mhango pauriri Slabs vane akawanda alphanumeric vatambi mapoka. Dzinomirira mhando, urefu uye upamhi mu decimeters, magadzirirwo mutoro (kPa), rudzi uye boka chisimbiso. Muenzaniso: PC 63-12-8- ATV - ndiro chete kumativi in 63 dm they urefu, wakafara makubhiti 12 dm they, kutakura - 800 makirogiramu por mamita ^2, ATV - Style mudzira.

Kuisa prefabricated ukomba

The chatingatevedzera Precast rakanyorwa-Musimboti Slabs kunoenderana kugadzirira zvakakodzera vaungana, kubudikidza nokungwarira uye yakarurama kugadzwa kwacho ndiro chete kuramba zvichiongororwa acho achishandisa tambo tambo.

Kuti ave nechokwadi chokuti rakavimbika kuvakwa anogona chete tongai zvakarurama kana raiva pedyo nebundu inobereka ndiro pamadziro kana mbiru. The optimum kudzika kubereka anosarudzwa zvichibva pamadziro mamiriro, mashoko iro kubereka zvivako. Somuenzaniso, musi matanda simbi zvakakwana 70mm kubereka ndiro chete yanyatsosimba kongiri nembambo - 75 neMM, rusvingo zvidhina - 90 mm.

Nokuti pamadziro, sezvamakaropafadzwa zvinhu kushandiswa sezvo zvinhu yakaderera kubereka vanokwanisa - chiedza kongiri kutigumbura, kana gasi silicate Polymer Panel, kazhinji pamusoro nyanzvi dzinokurudzira kuti pave chesamende chisimbiso Kuisa mambure, uye huchaita kuvimba rakanyorwa.

vavaki professionalism hunomiririrwa zvakajeka mukufamba ungano prefabricated Slabs. Kana fastening Slabs midzi zvikamu welded mumwe inoitika pasina unitary zvikamu, uye kurongwa tsvina vharafu - zvinofanira kuchengetedzwa, kukuru ngozi kuparadzwa rose chivakwa mamiriro.

mahwendefa mugwagwa

The chigadzirwa unonzi rakanyorwa - mumwe parallelepiped pamwe kukura umo pakukora iduku zvikuru pane kureba kana upamhi. Izvi zvakazara zvinoshanda paguva rakarongwa Slabs. Kushandiswa yokunamisa hwakasimba mugwagwa mudziyo kana Banga runways. bemhapemha ringava zvachose kana duku, kureva. E., Mahwendefa aya anogona kushandiswa kakawanda, uye ichi ndicho chimwe chezvinhu zvakanakira mabikirwo. kongiri rakanyorwa kukarukureta rinoitwa kwakavakirwa munda chikumbiro, mutoro pamusoro vakaronga nhau uye basa upenyu.

Kana kuisa nzira Slabs Zvakakosha chaizvo kuti qualitatively aite zvakakodzera gadziriro zvitsigiro - kazhinji zvekufuga paiva yakapwanyika ibwe uye mavhu, uye jecha chairarirwa zvinodiwa ukobvu uye arambe achirema.

Kusiyanisa ndiro mugwagwa uye Banga, nokuti zvachose kana kwenguva pfupi unhani. Avo akasiyana ukobvu uye mhando zvigadzirwa kushandiswa kwayo gadzira mavharuvhu. Data zvose izvi zvinoratidzwa kupenda kureva ndiro.

Muenzaniso: 1P30.18-30AV - zvakasimbisa kongiri rakanyorwa, kukura - 3000h1750 neMM, nokuti kuramba unhani (2n - pfupi) dzaona pasi motokari yairema matani 30, unowedzera simbi inoshandiswa kirasi AB.

chisarudzo

Sarudza nezvechisarudzo kubva pakuvaka hwaro, masvingo, uriri kana paguva rakarongwa uye runways inobatsira kwazvo-akagadzirirwa chirongwa rwakazara. Modern zvirimwa nekongiri zvigadzirwa kupa zvakawanda apedza pagondobwe nezvinodiwa chaizvo kuvaka kwacho.

Tenga kongiri Slabs, izvo mutengo rakanyatsojeka musoro, uye unhu - awirirane dzemunharaunda uye zvinodiwa, ndizvo chaizvo zvechokwadi.