Fort Calamita muna Inkerman, muCrimea: tsananguro, nhoroondo, zvinonakidza zvinhu uye wongororo

How nzvimbo nhoroondo dzakawanda akasiya munyika? Vamwe vavo kuchengetedza nyika uye zvose mauto kuedza kuchengeta chimiro chavo, nepo vamwe zvakaparadzwa, uye kubva ikoko vakanga chete ungwandangwanda. Kunetseka izvi Calamita nhare kuCrimea, riri pedyo nomusha Inkerman.

tsananguro

Nhare yakavakwa muna VI remakore sokudzivirira vavengi yaiva shongwe matanhatu chokuita mumwe nokuda maketeni, i.e. nevamwe zvivako, iro rinobatanidza bastions maviri. Vakanga yakavakwa yaivakwa nematombo akacherwa uye reraimu mhinduro, pakukora rusvingo rwakanga imwe mita uye kusvika mana, uye kukwirira iri gumi mamita. Calamita Fortress akanga guru kwazvo, nzvimbo yaro yakanga 1500 mamita ^2, uye kureba - 234 metres.

Location wakakombwa haana kusarudzwa nemasanga: pamusoro ruoko rumwe raputsika, kunouya yakadzika mhenderekedzo munyika, richisvika wakafara makubhiti rimwe kiromita, uye kuno rumwe rutivi inomira nhare pachayo. Mumazuva iwayo, vose kufamba kwakaitika akapoteredza nhare kuoneka.

Fort Calamita muna Sevastopol: munhoroondo

Nhoroondo mubako maguta ose Crimea haina kuzivikanwa. Izvi zvinoshandawo Calamita nhare, iyo yakavakwa muna VI remakore, maererano nedzimwe ongororo. On the machati, iye akazviratidza chete XIV-XV emakore. Pakuvamba Castle akaberekera mazita akadai Gazaria kana Kalamira.

Ungangove, nhare akavaka Byzantines, asi chii chiri uye kucharamba chakavanzika. Asi kubvira XV remakore, nyaya haisi kudaro kujeka. Panguva ino paiva hugota pamusoro Theodoro, iyo yavairwisana Genoese dzaidzorwa.

Kuti kuwana mugungwa, Theodoret akanga pedyo Black River kuvaka yayo chiteshi Avlita uye kudzivirirwa kuvakazve wemamongi dombo nhare.

Muna 1475 simba muCrimea rakasvika vokuTurkey, anokunda kusanganisira nhare. Ivo zita muna Inkerman. The vokuTurkey kare akagarwa nepfuti, uye vaifanira Redo nhare pasi kuti chiridzwa. Ivo thicken masvingo, akasimbisa uye vakavakazve neshongwe, uyewo kuvaka yoga shongwe, izvo vakatakura pamusoro parusvingo.

Nokufamba kwenguva, nhare Calamita muna Inkerman akatanga kurasikirwa kuzvidzivirira kukosha kwayo. Yakaparadzwa pamusoro nguva, asi yakaomesesa yakarohwa panguva Hondo Sevastopol.

The kuitika Calamita

Nhasi unogona kuona yaparadzwa shongwe, zvisaririra yamasvingo, muchinjikwa, inomira pamusoro nzvimbo yaimbova chechi uye pazasi Castle - webako wemamongi. Ko zita Calamita, vachiri hauzivi. Vamwe vanodavira kuti pane shanduro kubva mutauro wechiGiriki - zviri "bhachi akanaka", vamwe rinoshandurwa kubva muchiGiriki se "rutsanga" nokuti nzvimbo chakafukidzwa netsanga nemiti zvakafanana, asi pane mhirikiro vanoverengeka shoko.

Chinhu chokutanga chinoitika munzira - ichi shongwe gedhi, ichiteverwa vake 12 metres kure Tower №2, kubva unotanga gungwa rakacherwa mumapako. The shongwe wechitatu chisina kutsetseka. Zvakakuvadza zvikuru, saka zvisingambonzwisisiki nepurani yake, kunyange panyaya yakanga kukura aya: 12 * 13 m.

Akanakisisa akachengetedzwa shongwe nhamba 4 iyo yakatorwa kubva mugomba uye akanga chaizvoizvo kuparadzana simba Calamita, sezvo basa rinoitwa barbican (i.e., vakashumira sezvo mamwe kudzivirira). Muzana XVIII remakore wejeri akanga pano.

Kuwedzera shongwe pano unogona kuona dzasara chechi yechiKristu, iyo yakavakwa feodorites apo vaiva munharaunda, uye gare gare yakaparadzwa, asi hapana munhu anoziva. Unogona kuona kumakuva duku, raiva pamberi XIX-XX emakore, ndikapererwa imwe obelisk kungova akavigwa makanika uye kongiri dombo repamusoro gamba Hondo Yenyika II.

bako wemamongi

Yemamongi achazunungusa yakawanda mumapako, uye mune mumwe wavo ari VII-IX emakore Inkerman St. Clement Monastery chokuremekedza mutsvene akasikwa, uyo akafa muna Hersonissos.

Wemamongi ane machechi matatu uye aripo kusvikira 1485, kusvikira vasvika simba, vokuTurkey uye akamanikidzira nemamongi kusiya wemamongi.

emakore anoverengeka gare gare, muna 1852, izvozvo rakavhurwa panguva kuomerera kuna Archbishop Innocent, asi akazosvika refu, sezvo Crimean War. Zvisinei, muna 1867 wemamongi akanga amutsa, uye kudzorerwa machechi akavaka Trinity Church yakaitwa. Papera chinguva, vachikudza Emperor Alexander III temberi St. Panteleimon yakavakwa, uye muna 1907 - Church of St. Nicholas, iro rakaparadzwa munguva yehondo.

Kana USSR yakadhirika, zvemamongi vakadzokera wemamongi zvakaoma uye kutanga munyika pokudzorerwa, uye St. Panteleimon chechi rakavakwazve.

How kusvika munhare Calamita

In Crimea, Inkerman duku musha yaiva pedyo Sevastopol, iyo inogona kusvikwa nemotokari, chitima, bhazi uye chikepe. Mukuru kuda gungwa achatora chikepe rwendo achitevedza Sevastopol bay.

Kana ukaenda nebhazi, nzira inofanira kutangira Sevastopol kuenda chemabhazi "Vtormet" uye kufunga zvinodiwa yemapurisa kutanga pamukwidzwa zvavo mutemberi,.

Zviri nyore kuti nokwawaienda nemotokari iri pamugwagwa E 105 kana M 18. Uyezve, muna Black River vachava dzoro wokutanga nenzira wemamongi mujinga riri nhare, kuti munhu anofanira kupfuura nomumugero, kuburikidza wekare kumakuva, izvo anoisa pamusoro pesuwo shongwe .

dzinonakidza zvinhu

Calamita Fortress chikamu Kherson Reserve. Kana muna 1968 kunze kudzorerwa chimwe shongwe yakawanikwa vanodhirowa pamusoro reraimu kutigumbura, izvo zvikepe pamwe hwakadzama zvikuru vanodhirowa wawakaratidzwa. Masayendisiti vakafunga kuti nhamba idzi chokuita XIV-XV emakore.

Kana chivako yakavakwa chaizvo, hapana anoziva. Zvisinei, masayendisiti anodavira kuti kuvaka kwakatanga VI remakore. Nhare yakavakwa sedziviriro dzaishandiswa pakutengeserana kubva pakurwiswa.

Munhare XV remakore rakavakwazve kudzivirira kukura chiteshi Avlita. Papera chinguva, nzvimbo yakakundwa vokuTurkey, vakavaka itsva nhare uye vakavakazve akwegura zvakaitika Kalamita. Kuti vokuTurkey kunge chakatorwa kuti pfuti uye akaitumidza zita mutsva Inkerman, zvinoreva "bako nhare".

Reviews

Nenhare Calamita, maererano vashanyi - nzvimbo anonakidza zvikuru kuti ane akapfuma kare. Kubva kake kuruboshwe, asi nzvimbo iyi inokosha kushanya kunokosha. Izvi ndipo unogona kubata nhoroondo uye kunakidzwa maonero akanaka kuti azarure kubva padombo yemamongi.

Cave yemamongi Anoshanda nguva yedu, uye rinogonawo akashanyira. Zvechokwadi, muna masero havazoregi munhu, asi kuona wemamongi uye chechi kubva kunze anobvumirwa, panguva iyoyo unogona kutenga yemamongi miriwo teas.

Shanyira kare Monument kunogona kuva yako kana kutora imwe akatungamirira runobudirira muna Calamita nhare kuti riongorore nyaya yake zvizere. Vese akashanyira nzvimbo ino, vakafara. Munhu wose anofanira kushanyira yemauto kana vari Sevastopol. Tour uye anogona kupedza wemamongi, mutengo wayo haasi anopfuura 100 rubles. munhu.