Akadhindwa - kuti ... George bhuku. bhuku kwouzivi

Maturakiti - masayendisiti, zvouMwari kana kwouzivi kwamagwaro, inova tsananguro imwe ezvinhu kana dingindira, uye pane kukurukurwa dambudziko uye vatiwo. Mienzaniso inofanira kutungamirira nokunzwisisa.

Works of Archimedes

akadhindwa Scientific masayendisiti. Somuenzaniso, Archimedes akanyora mabasa mazhinji akadai. Sezvo musayendisiti nzira yokubatwa? Akanga vamutye nokuda yakaoma, kunyange vane mwero uchapupu. Saka, tinogona kutaura kuti Archimedes ndiye baba kwemasvomhu wefizikisi. mabasa ake "On Floating Miviri" uye "Pazuva zvakanyatsoenzana kuti ndege manhamba" vakazvipira kwaari. The chete zvinogona kutaurwa pamusoro bhuku zvikuru optics anonzi "Catoptrics" izvo, zvinosuruvarisa haana vakapona. Basa "Pamusoro zvakanyatsoenzana kuti ndege manhamba" kusanganisira mashoko empirical aizivikanwa Archimedes vamutangira. Inesungano nezvishoma. Izvi mashoko musayendisiti ishiri postulates, mune mamwe mashoko, axioms. Consequences vakawana apo, Archimedes akaratidza dzose, nokudaro wezvamatongerwe dzidziso pamusoro peguta regiravhiti. The musayendisiti akapawo mienzaniso. Akaverenga musimboti regiravhiti nokuda ose sandara zvinhu.

The yekutanga "On zvinoyangarara miviri"

Nyanzvi dzinodavira kuti bhuku "On Floating Miviri" Archimedes akanyora ravira avo mabasa, uye zvimwe kunyange kutenda kuti iri ndiro basa rake ichangoburwa. basa iri anounzwa mavhoriyamu maviri. Mubhuku rokutanga musayendisiti, muchitenda kuti vakasununguka mvura pamusoro ndiye idenderedzwa, dzinoti anoongorora nyaya chokuita svetuka mariri zvinhu zvikukutu, anosika mutemo wake yakakurumbira, izvo nhasi zvakanyorwa kuchikoro mabhuku. Iye rinokoshesa zvikuru. , Hazvishamisi nokuti vaiona kupfuura kare dzinongoitika mutemo. Approach kuti dambudziko iri bhuku iyi yakaramba zvakafanana: tikapedza pakuongorora, musayendisiti pave muenzaniso mvura, nemhaka iyo anogamuchira mazita migumisiro. tanakidzwa navo sequentially mberi. Vhoriyamu wechipiri Archimedes, vachifungidzira kuti mvura pamusoro yakati sandara, anoratidza nheyo chiito hydrometer. Chii chinotevera? Vaongorori ipapo inokurukura zvakanyatsoenzana ezvinhu zvinhu zvakaumbwa akafanana chidimbu chimwe paraboloid uye mumvura. Zvichiratidza Archimedes uye nhasi munokosha zvikuru shipbuilding.

Famous mabasa Aristotle

Aristotle akasika yokutanga munhoroondo imwe bhuku kwouzivi pamusoro mweya. Sei inonzi? Very anongoti: "On kumweya". rondedzero iri rinopa kwete chete kufunga Aristotle. Pakutanga pane nharo pamusoro mweya kuva musayendisiti aigara uye aishanda kare, uye chete ipapo panoratidza maonero ari munyori. Saka, bhuku iri zvinogona kunzi basa historiographical pakutanga kwenyika, kukanganisa nzvimbo wepfungwa uye uzivi. Chaizvo, handizvo here?

Form uye Basa

Psychological musayendisiti pfungwa resonated zvakasimba ake vakawanda maonero ouzivi pamusoro chimiro uye nyaya. Unogona kunyange kutaura kuti Kwaibva kwavari. Pakunzwisisa zvesayenzi kukura yenyika yakanga achipfuura chinoramba vaiitawo pfungwa mbiri - basa, izvo Aristotle akadana chimiro, uye pusa, inonzi nyaya. Chii ichangoburwa? Hongu, zvichida, zvose dzinoitwa vanhu uye ivo pachavo pamwe. Mumwe chaiyo chinooneka chakaumbwa pezvakaita iyo kuronga kugona. Uye kuburikidza naye chinhu anowana Qualitative tsananguro. Form uye nyaya haagoni co-kuvapo chete. Misimboti ava vasingasiyani. Mweya ndiye chimiro. Inowanika zvose zvipenyu zvose. Aristotle yainyatsoziva ichi. Kunyora nyanzvi chimiro uye basa, uye mweya rwevharanda zvipenyu zvose, ane mazita anonakidza zvikuru nemigumisiro. Unofanira kubhadhara vainyatsotarisirwa kwavari, kuverenga bhuku iri mweya. Kazhinji, chinofanira kuva kuedza kunzwisisa shoko ose.

Chii mweya?

Aristotle aidavira kuti mweya haagoni kunzi kana primordial mamiriro, kana yakazvimirira muviri kuparadzanisa kubva chinonakidza. Zvazviri? Soul - ari mupenyu, kushingaira musimboti akanyudzwa mukati goko zvinhu, chimiro, asi haagoni achimiririrwa yakazvimirira mumiririri kana muviri.

Kamasutra - mumwe yakakurumbira yekutanga

Zvirokwazvo vose vakanga vanzwa kanenge zvishoma pamusoro akakurumbira bhuku "Kama Sutra." Zvisinei, havasi vose vanoziva kuti shanduro chaiye bhuku iyi iduku kwazvo. Vanogona kuverengwa iri minwe. Zviya, maturakiti yakafanana - Kazhinji husiri nyore kuwana guru, uye basa iri rinogona kunzi akasiyana.

Basa nguva dzose

Kutaura zvazviri, Kama Sutra - a akakura basa, kubatsira vaongorori vakawanda kudzidza nhoroondo Indian yekare. Kubva basa iri tinogona kunzwisisa chii nyika iyi hunodzorwa tsika, mores zvakanga zvakafanana vanhu zvavo, unogona kudzidza zvakawanda. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti pari ari Kama Sutra anogona kunzi basa inokosha chaizvo. Pfuurai mireniyumu, asi matambudziko rudo uye ruvengo, ukama pakati pavo inoramba yepasisa pfungwa vanhu vazhinji. Kunenge kuti remakore yakapfuura akaita mumasekonzi, uye zvepfungwa kwevanhu haana kuchinja. Vanhu chete murudo, zvepabonde, kutambura, kutsvodana, kurota pamusoro musi, sezvo zvemakore apfuura.

bhuku iri ari rudo, akanyorwa prose, asi kuguma dzaitaurwa mundima fomu - riri parumananzombe kuti ainakidza kukura sloka.

mharidzo zvinhu

Chii chingataurwa pamusoro manyorero basa iri? Zvinonzi compressed chaizvo, minimalist, hazvina kuvhenekera mavara madimikira uye hurukuro refu. Style ichi aiita sutras, dzimwe nguva unogona kuona kuti ane zvimwe zvakafanana kuna Bhashya (inonzi Indian vekare comments), saka haagoni kunzi anonakidza uye yepakutanga. Panzira, utsva uye mavambo uye chinhu chinodiwa kuti nokuumba basa. Maturakiti - hazvina nguva dzose chinhu chokutanga chaizvo. The Rugwaro kunogona kurondwa nominative chaiko. Kazhinji, basa iri rondedzero, umo kuonekwa inonyanya pamwe achida mafungiro. The chinoshamisa Mutauro kuti bhuku iri? Pairi unogona kutaura zvinhu zvakanaka chete, mashoko anoshandiswa muzvinyorwa zviri chaiwo chaizvo uye haisi misleadingly, uye kana munhu akanga akatanga uye akatsanangura dzimwe pfungwa itsva, ndipo pariri ichashandiswa chete nyaya. Zvisinei, muna bhuku pane mashoko mazhinji, anoreva zvakafanana, iyo kupa rondedzero imwe runako.

George bhuku

Kunewo akadhindwa itsika. Kutaura zvazviri, izvi kunowanzoitika. Izvi zvinosanganisira St George bhuku. Chii nyaya yake?

July 24, 1783 kusaina kuti gwaro Irakli II, ndiye mambo Kakheti uye Kartli, anoona kudzivirirwa uye simba weRussia. Zvino Castle St. George. Pasi chibvumirano ichi, Irakli II, mambo Georgia, akabvuma kudzivirira nyika yedu uye akavimbisa kuti arege kuitisa wokumwe negwaro tisingatungamirirwi. Nehondo yake kubva nguva vakanga anazvo ne Russia. Kana Empress Catherine II, iye akaita chipikirwa chokuti vamambo pfuma ngauitwe chawaitwa, uye Georgia ichakurukurwa zvionera, asi achadzivirirwa. Mushure kusaina kuti Chibvumirano St. George heterodox nyika, kureva Turkey uye Iran, vakaita moderated dzavo kudya. Vakamira dzinodya dzimwe dzinosiya peziso panguva Eastern Georgia. akadhindwa akadai - chiri ruponeso nokuda dzimwe nyika.

Historical zvakaitika mushure kusaina ari bhuku

Mushure kusaina chesungano kwakaitika dzinoverengeka inokosha munhau. Somuenzaniso, PS Potemkin akarayira kugadzira Georgian Military Highway kukurukurirana Trust nyika. Nenzira, chakaitirwa pamuchinjikwa zvichipfuura. Mugwagwa, pamusoro raakashandisa 800 mauto, akanga akagadzirira sezvo mangwanani sezvo 1783, mumatsutso. Nokukurumidza muchinda kwayo vakaenda Tiflis. Kuti adzivirire nomugwagwa kubva Ingush kurwisa muna 1784 pasi zita Vladikavkaz nhare yakavakwa. Kana Ossetia, yakava rutivi nyika yedu.

Muna 1791, Russia vakarayira kuti Turkey havachafaniri wakwanisa Georgia. Nokufamba kwenguva zvaifanira kuitika. Rakanga anounzwa mamiriro kuti kusaina kuti Iasi bhuku pashure pehondo pakati Turkey uye Russia.

Vamwe vatongi Transcaucasia akaonga Chiito Irakli II. Uyezve, havana vakasarudza kutevera muenzaniso wake. Muna 1783, vatongi muArmenia akakumbira vadzivirirwe Russia. Uye nokukurumidza West Georgia akaita saizvozvo. Maiva muna 1801.

bhuku enyika ino chatinokoshesa iri munhoroondo Georgia, nokuti pashure ayo kusaina vakaroorana Russia. Zvaireva chaizvo kwaari. Zvakava kuchengetedzwa kwete bedzi mutsika uye enyika mashoko, asiwo chaiyo, chaiko.