Aleksandra Yakovlevna Brushteyn: Biography, upenyu pachedu uye mabhuku

mabhuku vana Russian kwakaita remakore rechimakumi maviri, nzvimbo inokosha inogarwa zvikuru unyanzvi vanyori. Aleksandra Yakovlevna Brushteyn - munyori wemitambo uye munyori wemabhuku akawanda uye nyaya vana.

Biography

Young mhuri chiremba uye nomukurumbira Jacob Iehilevicha Vygodsky navanasikana chinoshamisa chepanzvimbo chiremba Elena Semenovna Vygotsky (Nee Yadlovkina) aigara Vilna Russian Empire. Kune August 11, 1884 akanga ari mwanasikana - Aleksandra Yakovlevna Brushteyn. Biography kwomusikana vakazoroorwa zadzwai nenhamo, chirwere uye neshungu. Zvichaita kuti tipone rufu baba, mwanakomana uye murume.

Iye kudzidza kubva Bestuzhev Higher Courses kuti Women muSt Petersburg.

Sasha akavhomora echimurenga basa. Nechekare panguva zvidzidzo ake panguva Institute, iye zvasungwa sangano yakapiwa rubatsiro kunhapwa uye vasungwa. Uye akadzidzisa vashandi nyore kuverenga uye kunyora.

I kuenda muFrance uye Zurich, izvo kunokwezva ose kuipandukira. Pashure pokuchinja kwezvinhu 1917 Aleksandra Yakovlevna Brushteyn nevamwe kuipandukira vakatanga kuvaka nzanga itsva. Akazarura anodarika zana zvikoro uye netsvimbo kubvisa kusadzidza. Panguva iyoyowo kugadzirira repertoire nokuda yemitambo vana.

Alexander Y. kutambura zvirwere auditory midziyo. Kwemakore, wake kusanzwa kwakawedzera. About hwake munyori akazonyora ane autobiographical bhuku, "The mugwagwa inoenda kure." Akafa muna Moscow September 20, 1968.

mhuri

baba Alexander akanga ari mudziviriri vaJudha, hwokuzvinyima-chiremba akaedza kubatsira murwere, pasinei norudzi rwavo kana kuti chinzvimbo. Yakov Yefimovich zuva ari kushanda ari guta kuchipatara, uye madekwana akabatsira varombo. Waneta zvikuru zvokuti maoko ake akarovana.

Alexandra aiva munun'una - Urume Yakovlevich Vygotsky, uyo akazova injiniya-Makontakta, munyori monographs siyana.

Sasha uye Simon wake munin'ina vanomutswa, akatarira mwana baba. Vakafanana sezvakangoita Yakov Yefimovich, udyire akaedza kubatsira vanhu.

Mumakore 17, remangwana munyori Soviet akaroora chiremba-physiatrist Sergeya Brushteyna, uyo aiva mukuru kupfuura iye aiva nemakore gumi.

Nokukurumidza, muna 1904, gore, vakava mwanasikana, Nadezhda Sergeevna Nadezhdina. Akava choreographer uye akasika pevairwara kudhanzi Ensemble "Birch". Makore matatu gare gare, mwanakomana akaberekwa Mihail Sergeevich Brushteyn - zvokuimba injiniya uye akazova mukuru injiniya womufekitari "Red October". Iye ane vanoverengeka zvigadzirwa mu Patisseries.

Mhuri Alexander zvose zvakanaka. mabasa ake dzinobudiswa, murume wangu nokukurumidza ndokunanga ari Institute of Physiotherapy.

Hondo muupenyu Brushtein

Asi nokukurumidza World War First. VokuGermany infringes zvikuru kodzero vaJudha vakamanikidzwa kubhadhara indemnity. Baba Alexander Mandelstam akamira navo, kubatsira mhosva kutiza mujeri. Nokukurumidza uye chaizvo Yakov Vygotsky veGermany asungwe. Akapedza makore akawanda ari mumusasa panzara uye kuchitonhora. Asi kunyange ipapo, akaedza kubatsira vanhu nokubudisa kurapwa. Makore maviri gare gare, baba emunyori akasunungurwa.

Uye muna 1941, apo Hondo yeNyika II yakatanga, chiremba-makore 85 Akasungwa zvakare. Papera nguva akafa.

mwanakomana Alexander, Michael vakashanda necheshure. Kubva basa rakaoma akaratidza kwazvo mwoyo chirwere. Munguva pfupi akafa. Mwanasikana Hope vakatenderera pamberi uye chete akapotsa vakapona. Pashure pehondo Sergei Brushtein akafa kubva mwoyo chirwere. Nokuda simba manzwiro Aleksandra Yakovlevna Brushteyn nokukurumidza akatanga atadze kuona kwake. Asi ini kutoshanda zvakaoma.

mabhuku

Alexander Y. - munyori anopfuura makumi matanhatu zvidimbu vana. Pakati pavo vane inonyanya kuzivikanwa "mutema uye Pink", "dai", "Saka ndizvozvo." Akanga muvambi zvesimba kubudikidza inozivikanwa bhuku "Don Quixote" (muna 1928), "A Utsinye World" by Dickens (1954th) uye "Sekuru Tom kuti kabhini" (1948th gore). Vamwe mabasa ake dzakabudiswa pasi rekunyepedzera ari munyori Alexandra Yakovlevna Nirge.

Muna 1956 akabudisa autobiographical bhuku "The Road ...", rakanyorwa Aleksandra Yakovlevna Brushteyn. munyori Book zvakazadza nemabasa akanaka, akanaka uye rudo kuvanhu. mazano anobatsira anogona kuwanikwa mazviri.

A zvishoma pamusoro "The Road ..."

Bhuku ine zvikamu zvitatu. Yokutanga inonzi "The mugwagwa inoenda kure." Rinozivisa Sasha anenge mapfumbamwe nemakore, zvikabva iyo pachayo munyori. Young Sasha anoona zvakawanda kusaruramisira muupenyu - urombo, kuziya vana.

Kamwe mupaki Sasha akaona armless yokudhirowa, kudhirowa mufananidzo tsoka dzavo. Sasha zvechokwadi vaida kubatsira uye kutsigira, saka vakasarudza kutenga emifananidzo ake. Iye zvaaipiwa serakavakwa uye akapa kuonekana upenyu, izvo musikana achirangarirwa nokusingaperi.

Bhuku rwakakurumidza akakurumbira muSoviet Union. Yakanga isingori nyaya, kwaiva bhuku mubereki. The "Road" riri anobaya mwoyo, uye ushamwari anorondedzera Alexander Y. uye guta rake Vilnius.

kuenderera nyaya

Makore maviri gare gare, muna 1958, gore, rakasvika chikamu trilogy chechipiri "Panguva paawa mambakwedza." Rinozivisa pamusoro makore yokudzidza Institute Sasha. Pasinei zvose matambudziko kudzidzisa, akanga ari mudzidzi yakanakisisa. Nokukurumidza iye anoberekwa Simon mukoma. The chaizvo chete Sasha apedza zvidzidzo zvake. Bhuku rinotsanangura uye inokosha munhau - kupondwa Alexander III uye kutanga ushe Nicholas II.

Muna 1961 akauya yokupedzisira bhuku trilogy rinonzi "Spring". Apedza, Sasha awana basa - anodzidzisa Chirungu. Kunouya idzva, zana remakore rechimakumi maviri. Rinobatanidzwa ne kuratidzira uye kwakapararira nzara. Bhuku racho rinotsanangura nemashoko akadzama Dreyfus mashandiro.

Aleksandra Yakovlevna Brushteyn - munyori, zvakanaka pfungwa mwana zvepfungwa, achipfuura vakawanda muupenyu rumhan'aro, asi kwete kuputswa navo. Her "The mugwagwa ..." richiri kuitwa rakabudiswa uye inoverengwa kwete chete vana asiwo vakuru.