Alexithymia - ichi ... alexithymia somunhu mupfungwa dambudziko

Funga dzimwe nguva kuti kunyange utano munhu zvakaoma kutsanangura manzwiro ake kana achicherechedza kumavirira, hwema chitubu maruva, kurira mvura padenga. Chii kare kutaura murwere alexithymia, riri zvachose kwete kupa yoku fomu nezvemanzwiro avo uye zvakaitika.

Musimboti rokuti

Alexithymia - ndiko kutadza kutaura manzwiro achitukwa, osimudza mashoko anodiwa kuratidza interlocutor yake yose-siyana munyika nezvekufadza. Vanachiremba vanoti ichi hachisi chirwere. Ungangove, alexithymia anganzi nomumwe zvechadenga munhu psyche, mumwe chirwere kana mupfungwa dambudziko, iro rine chokuita vakaremara rezvedzidzo. Munhu anogona kuva vakachenjera, somuenzaniso, yakakurumbira musayendisiti kana mutsvakurudzi, asi haana iwe haatauri kuti akanzwa pandaiona misodzi melodrama.

Kubvira 70 okupedzisira remakore anozivikanwa nyanzvi Peter Sifneos kuona varwere somatic zvinetso, akatanga kushandisa izwi rokuti "alexithymia". Zviri zvepfungwa zvinoreva kuti murwere anoita kana asingazivi sei kutsanangura manzwiro angu, kana anozviita kururama, kuipa, laconically. Peter Sifneos akapikisa kuti vanhu vakadaro havana fungidziro, dzimwe nguva havaiti kusiyanisa mutsetse pakati pezviri pamuviri nezvekufadza uye manzwiro, haagoni kunzwisisa manzwiro mumwe munhu. zvinhu izvi zvinoratidzwa panguva imwechete kana mumwe wavo rikunde.

waridza

Vanhu vangani akarova alexithymia? Uyu mubvunzo wakaoma, mhinduro richiri chisipo, hazvina nguva dzose nevanhu vanotsvaka rubatsiro kubva vanachiremba, kunze kwayo dzinongoitika ehurumende uye zvakasikwa. Maererano ichangobva umboo uwandu, kuti chirwere rinowanikwa muna 5-25% vemo nyika. siyana Strong nemifananidzo uyewo nokuti kuti unyanzvi vanoshandisa siyana chirwere nzira kuziva pamberi chirwere chacho dhigirii.

Muchiitiko chino, vanachiremba vanoti alexithymia haruna kufanana kusava zvakakwana. vanhu ava, uyewo utano, mwoyo, ndizvo chete vanowana zvakaoma kutaura manzwiro yomukati kundituka. The dhefisiti of chokunze kuratidzwa dzavo zvabuda mumuviri-vegetative siyana: manzwiro, vashayiwa nzira yokubuda, woutsinye, kuva munhu psychosomatic chirwere. Zvisinei, kana, munhu uyu ane autism, kubatana pakati uchenjeri uye pfungwa vanogona kwaizombomiswa zvachose uye hazviiti. Naizvozvo, varwere izvi vanofunga kuti rechiito "kunzwa" uye "kufunga" - anoreva zvakafanana.

shepi

Kudzidza alexithymia - chinhu basa rinokosha kuti vanachiremba ano. Kusvikira ikozvino, zvimwe zvinoumba chirwere hazvisi pachena uye unexplored. Pasinei neizvi, nyanzvi vakakwanisa kusiyanisa marudzi maviri kutyora: nesekondari. Mumwe nomumwe wavo ane zvakasiyana hunhu uye kwekunze kuratidzwa. Primary alexithymia kuwana somugumisiro yokuberekwa mupfungwa. asiwo anovandudza nokuda zvinetso zviri utero paumbwe uropi ari mudumbu. It akaratidza pazera duku. Pavakaona chinhu chakanga chakaipa, vabereki vanofanira kubvunza chiremba wetsinga.

Secondary alexithymia - mugumisiro kunotevera, izvo dzimwe nguva aine pfungwa dysfunction uye chetsinga zvirwere. Zvinogona nokuratidzwa post-Kunetseka nyonganyonga, vakawedzera kufunganya kana mwoyo yakavanzwa. On kukura kunokanganisa zvikurukuru isiri kurerwa: overprotection kana, Ukuwo, kushaya chikuru pfungwa vabereki. Primary kushanda usina kurapwa, asi yechipiri inogona kugadzirisa.

zvikonzero

Aleksitimiya sei psihologicheskaya problema imeet pervoistochniki. Ivo vadanana umo inokura syndrome. Kuoma kuwana kutukwa kutaura manzwiro vakatsanangurira Vatsvakurudzi dzakawanda vanozivikanwa zvikonzero zvikuru zvitatu:

• Sefungu kudzvinyirira, akatungamirira chikamu ichocho ndicho chinoita hurongwa, riri basa manzwiro cerebral cortex.
• Kutyora kutaurirana pakati kuruboshwe uye kurudyi hemispheres: wokutanga arege kuziva zviratidzo zvakaitika kuti anogadzirwa yechipiri.
• Majini zvitange zvikanganiso epfungwa.

Pfungwa alexithymia, sezvataurwa pamusoro apa, inoti pakakoromoka ichibudira somugumisiro kurera kukodzera. Mwana anogona havachakwanisi manzwiro nokuti vakaisa pfungwa Somuenzaniso, "Varume musachema" kana "manzwiro paruzhinji ndiko kunaka." Mamwe masayendisiti uyewo vanobvuma: alexithymia angava mugumisiro kukuvara musoro - kukuvadzwa ari corpus callosum, riri basa ukama pakati hemispheres.

kuratidzwa

Alexithymia - ndiwo zvepfungwa pane kutyora hwevanhu mupfungwa mabasa. Panyaya iyi, hunhu vanhu vakadaro ane dzimwe zvinhu:

1. Aiomerwa kukurukura, umo vanhu vari kuramba nemashoko manzwire avo, tsanangura imwe pfungwa.
2. Tsika kusurukirwa. Aona kuti haasi kufanana vose, munhu kazhinji anorega mukati make, iye anotanga kudzivisa kambani.
3. Limited zvokufungidzira. Vanhu vakadaro kashoma kuva vemifananidzo, vemifananidzo kana vagadziri. Vanotoda ndisipo kugona kuti hwokusika basa.
4. Kutadza kuona yakajeka uye mavara zviroto.
5. Kuva akanaka inonzwisisika mafungiro, tsika yacho kwetunhu uye ongororo kukwanisa debriefing.
6. Kuramba kunzwisisa.

Kana munhu kutambura aleksimiey, kumubvunza zvaanofunga panguva iyoyo, unogona kunzwa mhinduro idzodzo, "inotonhora", "kurwadziwa" kana "dzamira". nguva dzose vanhu vakadaro tinovhiringidza manzwiro pamwe pamuviri nezvekufadza.

mhando

Kana munhu ari chirwere alexithymia, izvo zvinoreva kuti inogona kuumbwa akaererana psychosomatic zvirwere. Ivo vanotaura mienzaniso miviri maitiro: ari kuramba uye chishoma. Wokutanga kunosanganisira yakasimba chinovhiringidza pamusoro kunokanganisa unobvumira kuti mukana reversibility syndrome. Kunyange zvazvo vanaamai vakawanda kutyorwa kusingarapiki uye haagoni kuchinjwa kunyange kurapa-refu. vanhu ava vachiri kurarama pasina zvokufungidzira uye manzwiro. dhefisiti womuenzaniso - kupfuura zvakakwana. Vanhu vanosarudza nayo, kwete zvachose kuine manzwiro, asi chete vamwe vavo, kana kuti manzwiro avo, asi nenzira kukwana chimiro, kwete pakuguma. Dzimwe vari kunyange kukwanisa kufungidzira uye pakusika.

Vanachiremba havana ndafunga kuti alexithymia ezvinhu ezvinhu kana rinoreva mudanga unhu noruzhinji. Dzimwe nyanzvi dzinofunga kuti mashoko pachena kutyorwa chete panguva zvimwe zvinhu, zvakadai muna muitiro kukurukurirana nomunhu anokumhan'arira. Ndoga, munhu akadaro anogona chaizvo kuti vataure manzwiro avo uye manzwiro.

yematambudziko

Matambudziko akawanda panguva mumuviri pamwero ndiyo alexithymia: ari urikanwi, dermatitis, gastritis, colitis, asima, BP, nechirwere chemwoyo, sitiroko, atherosclerosis, chisimbwa, migraine, uye zvichingodaro. Manzwiro asina kuratidzwa kopyatsya mukati pfungwa uye zvishoma nezvishoma kuziva kunze ari pamuviri chimiro: munhu anetseka hormone background, pane atadze kushanda zvakanaka nhengo uye hurongwa, iyo inova mhaka pamusoro zvirwere.

Mumwe mugumisiro alexithymia vane mamwe kilos uye kunyange kwazvo kufutisa. Maererano zveBhaibheri zvakawanda, nekusagona manzwiro kukurumidza kuva nokudyisa, paunowana zvekudya, kuchinja culinary vanofarira nepakudiwa chenhando uye kunokuvadza zvigadzirwa. Muchiitiko chino, pakurapa chirwere pamusoro mamiriro yokufutisa kazhinji dambudziko vanachiremba. Nokuti kunyanya dzakaoma, zvinosanganisirawo kukura alexithymia pachiimbwa nomumwe muropa udhakwa kana kushandisa zvinodhaka.

Diagnostics

Alexithymia rinowanzoshandiswa kuvhiringidzwa dzimwe mupfungwa siyana: mwoyo, zvishande underdevelopment kana schizophrenia. Saka, mubvunzo yakarurama uye nyanzvi chirwere zvikuru kushanda munguva yedu. Zvinobatsira kuziva pamberi urwere pakati alexithymia pamwero yakatanga neAmerican musayendisiti Taylor. The remibvunzo wakashandurwa uye chakatorwa muSt Petersburg vanachiremba kubva Vladimir Bekhterev Psychoneurological Institute. Achibatsirwa varwere vanopfuura zana vakanga amutsvaka, kwamakadarika zvakatanga kuti varwere chepfungwa hemispheric asymmetry maonero bole vanoshorwa tichitaura kurapwa.

Chirwere chinoitwa tichibatsirwa mumwe chikero - Schelling-Sifneos. Doctors vanoshandisa nemibvunzo John Krystal, uye projective nzira, nokuti vanhu vakadaro vasina zvokufungidzira, saka mhinduro dzavo, uye mureza kwakadaro. Pasinei neizvi, kushandiswa nemiedzo nemhaka yokuora zvinangwa kwakaoma, sezvo kusina normative mashoko. Uyezve, vanachiremba havana nguva yakakwana kuitisa kuedza, uyewo kukanganisa-isina dudziro zvabuda dzavo.

mabatiro

Sezvataurwa pamusoro apa, zvakaoma kupa mu kurapa chepuraimari alexithymia. Panguva iyo yechipiri, inova migumisiro youduku Zvakaitika vanogona kugadzirisa tichibatsirwa nzira simba ano pamusoro hana wacho. Kana munhu nechirwere alexithymia, kurapwa ndiye anosarudza pamwe kwakajairika psychotherapy. Zvakarurama zvakare Gestalt kurapa psychodynamic dzakachinjwa nzira uri mushonga uye hypnosis. The chinangwa chikuru - kudzidzisa murwere kuti manzwiro avo uye manzwiro.

Zvizhinji pfungwa rwakabhadharwa kuna zvokufungidzira, iyo inobatsira akudziridze kuwanda mupfungwa mashoko. Panyaya mishonga, masayendisiti haana kuuya chete mhedziso; havana kubatsira kana kwete. Vamwe vanachiremba vanoti zvakanaka mugumisiro kushandisa mapiritsi pamberi psychopathological zvirwere zvakadai vanetseka kurwisa. Chero zvazvingava, vanachiremba vanodavira kuti kurapwa kunofanira dzakaoma. Panguva iyoyowo hombe basa iri kuridzwa uye vadiwa murwere vanhu vanoenda kundosangana naye, batsira kuzivisa nyika nomudiwa yomukati, kurasa ayo kuyerera woutsinye nezvakavanzika manzwiro.