Arkhangelsk, Guest-houses: histori, museum, zviratidzo

Imari yeRussia yakawedzera nokukurumidza muzana remakore rechi17. Zvino kutengeserana kunze kwenyika kwaienderera mberi pachiteshi cheArkhangelsk . Zvinopfuura hafu yezvokutengeserana kunze kwenyika zvakaitika mukati maro. Guta racho rinomiririra "chiso" chenyika nyika isati yasvika kuWestern Europe. Arkhangelsk yaida zvivako zvakanakisa zvine mazhenje akanaka.

Muenzi majadhi eguta rekumusoro haana kungova nzvimbo inofadza uye yakakodzera kune vatengesi vemamwe marudzi neveRussia, asiwo vakaita basa rinodzivirira. Mazuva ano ivo vanozivikanwa sezvivako zvakasiyana-siyana zvekuvakwa kwemabwe eRussia kubva kare kusvika kumazana zana nemakumi maviri nemashanu.

Nhoroondo yezvisikwa

Muna 1667, Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich akabudisa chirevo chekuraira kwechivako chikuru chebwe muArkhangelsk munzvimbo inenge mahekita anenge 9. Zvirongwa zvekuvakwa kwakaoma vaiva vagadziri vomumaguta PG Marcelis naW. W. Scharf.

Panguva iyoyo, guta racho, rakavakwa nematanda, rairamba richipisa mumoto. Moto wakaparadza nhamba huru yezvivako uye masvingo eimba, saka vakaita chisarudzo-kuvaka kubva padombo Gostiny Dvory. Arkhangelsk, ane mbiri yakawanda, yakanga isiri nyore kuvaka chivako chekushanda, yakamisa nzvimbo chaiyo yeimba yakagadzirwa nevashanyi vaviri: Russian and German.

Nzvimbo yakareba ine kona yakareba mukatikati iyo yakaumba Dare reRussia neGermany. Iyo yakaoma yakanga yakagadzirwa nezvinhu zvekudzivirirwa kwemauto-kudzivirira. Somugumisiro, mabwendefa, akabatanidzwa nemasvingo, shongwe uye zvimwe zvivako, akapoteredzwa nemigodhi, ashanduka kuva guta rine simba -renhare.

Kuvakwa kweimba huru yakagara makore 16 (1668-1684). Muna 1693, Peter I akasvika Arkhangelsk. Masvingo eguta racho, aakaona kwekutanga, akamufadza. Kurasika kwavo kuchavamba muzana remakore rechigumi nemana, apo hupfumi hwekune dzimwe nyika huchaendeswa kuSt. Petersburg. Northern Northern Trade Center, isingazivikanwi, inotanga kupera.

Kudzorerwa kweGwara Dvor Dvor

Muna 1770, mushure mekuonekwa kwechimiro sechiitiko chekukurumidzira, kugadziriswa kwayo kwakakurumidza kwakatanga. Nzvimbo dzakaderera dzevarimi veRussia varimi dzakabviswa, zvidhinha uye lime slabs zvakatumirwa kuzodzorerwa. Dare reGermany uye dombo reguta-dombo rakanga rava kuda kubviswa zvachose. Matongo eGermany wekurimisa munda akagara kusvikira muzana remakore rechi20. Pakutanga kwezana remakore vakazunungurwa zvachose.

Mumakore makumi manomwe ezana remakore rechigumi nemana chechina chechina chechivako chechivakwa chakapiwa sarudzo yekare, inowanzoenderana nekuvakwa kwemazuva iwayo. Muna 1788 imwechete-storeyed Exchange ne turret uye chikwata chepamberi chakasimuka pamusoro pechigaro chitsva. Muimba yekushandura, vakaronga fenisha, vakagadzirirwa kuronga, vakagadzirirwa nemoto. Munguva yekufamba-famba pamusoro pehututi, mureza wakabhururuka uye mwenje wakatsva.

Panzvimbo yeDombo reMatombo, matura eine urefu hwemaseri maviri nekuda kwewaini uye munyu zvakavakwa. Shongwe yekuchengetedza yakawedzerwa kumakamuri ekuchengetera. Izvo basa rekuvakwa kwavo rakagadzirwa nemuvakiriti M. Berezin. Akaronga kuvaka chivako chakafanana neNorth Tower. Asi mari shoma shoma uye kushayikwa kwezvivakwa zvekuvaka zvakamanikidza muumbi wekugadzirisa kuvaka. Chero muna 1809, nekutambudzika kukuru, zvaive zvichikwanisika kuisa gorofa rekutanga remasare emunyu pasina shongwe.

Sezvo wakarasikirwa nechinangwa chepakutanga nemasvingo ane simba ane simba, Arkhangelsk Gostiny Dvory akagamuchira, asi kwete mumutauro wepakutanga. Mushure memakore ekumazana remakore rechimakumi maviri, guta rakarasikirwa nedare guru reRussia. Kubva pairi yakasara chete zvivako kurutivi rwamavirazuva, kutarisa kubatana kweNorthern Dvina.

Pasinei neizvi, chivakwa chekugadzira nemararamiro anoramba aripo: Russia Dstiny Dvor, shongwe iri kurutivi rwekumaodzanyemba, mutengesi wemabhizimisi, mutyairi uye masaisai emunyu, ari muguta riri pedyo nekumusoro, akatarisa.

Makamuri okurarama panguva yeGreat Patriotic War

Zvave zvarasikirwa nehurumende, kukohwa kwakagadziriswa nevagari vehupenyu nenzira ine rugare. Akaendeswa kune hurumende yeguta, mudare, tsika. Yakasunungurwa mumasvingo ayo mashizha. MuHurumende Yaikuru yePatriotic, nzvimbo dzinoshandiswa munyu dzemunyu dzaishandiswa sezvivako zvebhazi. Vagari vomunharaunda vakavadzivirira kubva kumhepo.

Mukuwedzera, munguva yehondo muzvivako zvekuoma kwakavakirwa nzvimbo ye White White flotilla uye yekukurukurirana. Basa reuto rechiuto nderokuti tive nechokwadi chekutaurirana neArctic neGungwa reKara.

Museum in the Gostiny Dvor

Kubva muna 1981, chivako chezvakaitika kare chinopiwa nhaka neyemumusumusi yeguta rekugara kwekugara. Muenzi yadhi (Arkhangelsk), kunyanya, zvikamu zvavo zvakachengetedzwa, zvakatanga kudzorerwa zvakare. Urongwa hwekudzorera hwaisanganisira kuburitswa kwedare reRussia, shongwe uye zvivako kurutivi rwokumaodzanyemba, nzvimbo dzomunyu. Mushure mokuguma kwebasa rokudzorera muna 2010, shanduro yakareruka yezvigadzirwa zvekugadzira yakawanikwa muArkhangelsk. Gostiny Dvor iye zvino ndiyo tsika, masayenzi uye dzidzo yeguta.

Mumakamuri ayo mune zvinyorwa zvinonakidza, achitaura pamusoro pezvivako zvezvinhu zvenyama uye zvekunamata zvekuchamhembe kwenharaunda. Mimwe mienzaniso inogara ichiratidzwa mu museum: tsika netsika dzakaitika zvePomorie uye neRussia yekuchamhembe kwevatariri. Makamuri maviri anopiwa pasi pechitarisiko chakatsaurirwa kuna M.V. Lomonosov. Mune imwe nzvimbo zviratidzo pamusoro penyika duku yekodzero yemasayendisiti ane ruzivo weRussia inounganidzwa, mune yechipiri laboratory inogadzirwa.

Chiitiko chemu museum wekutengesa kwemukati

Kune vashanyi vakawanda vanozarura mikova yeGostiny Dvor (Arkhangelsk). Zviratidzo pamisoro dzakasiyana zvinopedzana. Kunze kwekuvakwa kwezvivako uye mahofisi ayo anofamba mafurati anokwevera kutarisa kwevakuru nevana. Vanopa ruzivo pamusoro petsika uye nhoroondo yezvakaitika zvenharaunda yacho, inoita zvesayenzi uye inoshanda misangano.

Vatenzi vanokokwa kumakonti ejaizz uye classical music. Rongedza mibvunzo inofadza, kuronga mhemberero dzemitambo, zvidzidzo usiku, cadet mipira, makirasi madhesi nezvimwe zviitiko. Imyuziyamu inobata makwikwi. Nzvimbo inokosha inopiwa kumakwikwi-kukwikwidza "Young talents". Vavatori vayo vatenzi vane ruzivo, vanobatanidzwa muhutano hwemhizha.