Art. 497 of Civil Code. Sale kwenhumbi pamusoro ivhu uye kure nzira vachitengesa zvinhu

Zvokudya yevagari mutemo nokudzorwa kutengeswa kwenhumbi pamusoro ivhu uye kure nzira vachitengesa zvinhu. Izvi Mhando kwema vakasiyana chaizvo mashoko pamusoro zvigadzirwa vakapa. nemirau Key Dare chitarisiko yakaratidza noukama unotora Art. 497 of Civil Code. Ngatikurukurei zvizere.

General zvechadenga kutengeserana

Zvitoro kutenga uye waakazvitengesa chibvumirano anogona akapedzisa pachishandiswa vanyatsoziva inodzidzisa mienzaniso zvinhu chakaratidzwa achitandadza kutengeswa. Nzira iyi iripo kwenguva refu uye zvinobudirira kunoitwa Russia. With kukura pamusika ukama paiva nomumwe zvakawanda musiyano pakati kwema dzakadaro. zvino iye ari mumutemo. Saka, mitemo kushanda nhasi, anobvumirwa kupinda nechibvumirano pakati chitoro rwokutenga uye kutengeswa maererano rondedzero mutengi yokudzokorora nyaya kuburikidza mabhurocha, ndaza, mifananidzo, mabhurocha, kutaura, kana dzimwe nzira, asingagoveri rakananga kudzidza mienzaniso zvigadzirwa pamasikiro vaibva.

kuuraya mamiriro

About navo akati p. 3 tbsp. 497 of Civil Code. Kazhinji, zvikurukuru, rinoti kuti kana mumwe haangasimbiswi mitemo kana kuti chibvumirano, kutengeserana iri akagumisa pasi ezvinhu zvambotaurwa anofanira vakafunga azadziswa pamusoro chokuendesa chigadzirwa pakero zvinoratidzwa nyaya dzemapepa. Zvisinei, havasi vose mashoko akadaro aripo ari mapepa. Panyaya iyi, kuti kutengeserana ichakurukurwa ruzadzike panguva chokuendesa nhumbi panguva mutengi (mugari kana sangano). In n. 4 tbsp. 497 of Civil Code enshrined nomumwe kodzero uye nokubatira anotenga. Kutoti hwakasimbiswa nemirau, kuchinjwa kuti mutengi chigadzirwa anekodzero vanoramba kuita chibvumirano ichocho, offsetting ari mutengesi nemari zvakafanira kuti ave chakakonzerwa namaneja navo maererano Implementation kuti vakabvumirana zviito.

Art. 497 of Civil Code nokumwe kutaura

A dzakananga chepfungwa kwema yaakaita kutora chikamu yevatengi, vamiriri kudiwa kupa iye ruzivo pamusoro chigadzirwa. Maererano bhuku nzira pamwe chigadzirwa description, marudzi maviri chibvumirano. Izvi anonyanya kwema munzvimbo Implementation nyaya yacho sutu. The mhando wechipiri kutengesa ari kure. Muchiitiko chokutanga, kuti transferee anogona vazive pachavo pamwe chigadzirwa. Ane kodzero aongorore chigadzirwa kuti anyatsotaura ehupfumi ayo. Zvinoumba kure nzira vachitengesa zvinhu ine pakuti anotenga haripi zvivako ataurwa pamusoro. Panyaya iyi, mutengi anogamuchira zvakafanira mashoko ari kunyora, zvokuvataurira nomuromo, mukombiyuta. Saizvozvowo, paumbwe anotenga kuchaita zvikuru rinosundwa unhu yacho, yatevedzerwa. Saka wandei kukosha ndiyo uwandu mashoko inopiwa munhu uye panosvika kwayo Kuwanikwa uye maonero.

Kuoma kunzwisisa ukama

Kupiwa chaizvo rechipiri mhando kwema, kudiwa vagadze zvakakwana kuzviomesera mitemo kutengeswa kwenhumbi kure nzira. Izvi imhaka zvinodiwa kupa kunowedzerwa kuchengetedzwa kodzero uye zvinofarirwa vatengi. Kuziva mishonga pasina mukana zvakananga navazikani navo zvikuru kunzwisisa. Dzakabudirira rokutengesa nhumbi ari kure mitemo inodzora kwete chete kwacho chaiko pakati kutengeserana, asi mibvunzo pamusoro chokuendesa nhumbi kuti acquirer. Maererano nemitemo ano, pasi, zvokurimisa zvigadzirwa, anofanira kupa chokufambisa kuti kero mutengi. Izvi zvinogona kuitwa nokutumira tsamba kana chokufambisa inotaridza mhando motokari uye pakusununguka mikana. Saka, maererano Art. 16 Mutemo pamusoro kudzivirira mutengi kodzero, munhu anoziva chigadzirwa haafaniri dzika mamwe matanho compensatory pasina mvumo yemuridzi anotenga. Mutengi anogona kuramba kubhadhara mabasa aya. Kana iye kare Kutamiswa mari kwavari, ipapo iye ane kodzero Usamira dzosera.

pamutemo kuzvidzora

Achimirira kwema dzinotungamirirwa kwete chete iwe. 497 of Civil Code uye zvimwe zvokudya zviri Code. Normative murau ndicho Mutemo pamusoro Kudzivirirwa nevatengi kodzero mirau iyo inodzora Implementation chiito nokuda mapato yakaratidza ukama. Kushandisa zvinhu izvi mune uchidzidzira vanofanira kufunga dzakananga zviri zviripo kwema. Zvikurukuru, ichi zvinoreva kushandisa rakakodzera mazwi, maererano noMutemo pamusoro Inodzivirira Consumer Rights.

The kupokana mu mitemo

Mitemo iri Implementation nyaya Mienzaniso uye tsananguro, pane zvinoverengeka nharo nyaya. The kupokana ndeiyi. Maererano Art. 497 of Civil Code, Mhando kwema zvakajeka demarcated pakati pavo. Kusiyanisa Izvi zvakare akatsinhira noMutemo pamusoro Inodzivirira Consumer Rights. Ari kwokutanga shanduro nyaya ano. 497 of Civil Code mhando akafukidza kwema pamutemo kwete zvakasiyana. Nezvenyaya iyi, boka raivapo sezvakarayirwa vasinganyatsooni zvigadzirwa pamwe zvakananga Kupinda pakati anotenga, vakagamuchirwa muna 1997, icharega zvakafanana nemashoko. Kunyanya, tsanangudzo kutengeswa mishonga inotaurwa ivhu uye Implementation ari kure. Zvichakadaro, muna 2007, rakazoshandiswa sezvakarayirwa kwema pasina zvakananga kunobatanidza mutengi. In yechipiri ndima Regulation kure kutengeswa sezvo anoziva Implementation kuitwa anotenga mudzokorore chigadzirwa tsananguro ndiripo tubhuku, mabhurocha nezvimwe rakadhindwa nokubudisa mashoko uchishandisa ruzhinji kukurukurirana kana dzimwe nzira, dzakakudzingai mukana woga chigadzirwa unhu. kupokana ichi vanofanira, maererano nenyanzvi, kugadziriswa maererano ndima yechitatu chinhu. 497 of Civil Code uye Art. 26.1 hweMutemo pamusoro kudzivirira mutengi kodzero. Kana anotenga iri kutengeserana ndiko mukana tinyatsoziva mienzaniso zvigadzirwa zvaipiwa pachishandiswa implementer nayo, inofanira kushandisa nzira wokurera muna 1997. Kana izvi mamiriro kuita haapo, kushandiswa kure kutengesa mitemo kubva 2007

The specificity mashoko

Negore rokutanga uye rechipiri ndima kurukura dzemunharaunda enshrined chaiyo kwema kana kutengesa zvigadzirwa ari kure uye muenzaniso mitsara. specificity ichi sezvo kare pamusoro apa, nokuda hunhu muitiro pakupa mashoko. It iri chokwadi kuti mashoko pamusoro anotenga anogamuchira chigadzirwa pakupera chibvumirano muna yechinangwa muitiro akadai "chipo-kugamuchirwa". Information anogona inopiwa nzira yakasiyana. Kana chinozoiswa pamusoro mimwe nhumbi kunoratidzwa pamberi mutengi. Uyezve, mamwe kuratidzwa angaperekedzwa tsanangudzo nemumuromo zvainyanya. Kana kutengesa munhu ari kure akagamuchira mashoko acquirer kunyora kana neimwe nzira. Muchiitiko ichi hazvibviri kuita zvakananga sumo muenzaniso.

Zvinoumba ruzivo

Mutengi anofanira kuwana mashoko pamusoro mukuru zvechadenga chigadzirwa, kuwana Kero mutengesi, nzvimbo chigadzirwa kukura, zita kambani kuita Implementation zvizere. The mashoko zvinoda anotenga, zvinosanganisirawo mashoko pamusoro mari uye mamiriro ezvinhu rwokutenga, mukurumari, pakukurukura, izwi kushanda, mashoko garandi nguva, muripo hurongwa. The chipo kutaura musi nawo nayo inoshanda.

mamwe mashoko

Kuwedzera ruzivo pamusoro apa, mutengesi inozivisa mutengi on:

1. Kudikanwa akwezve vanokwanisa nenyanzvi kubatanidza, kugadzwa, nokutumwa mishonga zvazviri kunzwisisa, izvo ingasava maererano yavo specificity dzinovangira acquirer. Urongwa uhwu aripo ari ndima iri Mitemo kutengeswa mishonga ari kure rechitatu.
2. Kuti chigadzirwa yatova kushandisa kana kunze mhosva zvabviswa.
3. Nguva iyo chiito ichataura kuwana chigadzirwa ari kure.

Zvinodiwa Kuti kudzidza

At kwemamiriro chitoro rokutengesa zvibvumirano, mashoko chikumbiro vari yaidzorwa kushandisa mukuru zvokudya mutemo yevagari. Kupiwa specificity zvibereko mashoko, mukuwedzera, zvinodiwa kuti Implementation pamusoro mutengi wacho kodzero mashoko anotaurwa murau pamusoro kudzivirira nevatengi kodzero. Bayirai kungava kuipa, kana voruzhinji. Kana isu kutaura kure nokutongesa, murwiyo mashoko akabatanidza pfungwa anotsanangurwa mu Articles 8-11 Mutemo pamusoro Kudzivirirwa Consumer Rights. Zvinonzi huri nyaya. 26.1, p. 2.

kugashira

Gwaro iri rakapa maererano mukuru zvokudya mutemo yevagari. Uyezve, nokuda hunhu kwema, zviri pasi apa mitemo. Maererano sezvakarayirwa kuzadziswa zvigadzirwa kubva description, anotenga kugamuchira pfungwa, maererano nenyaya iri mutariri Implementation shoko iri. chiziviso ichi haangadziki:

1. zita Full uye Kero mutengesi, zita Huzere mutengi, panzvimbo uchida vanunure chigadzirwa.
2. Product zita, muchiso, chikamu nhamba, nhamba vezvikwata siyana, mutengo.
3. Type basa (gadziriro yayo), nguva uye chiitwa mutengo.
4. Nokubatira anotenga.

Pamwe wainyatsotaura mashoko Terms kutengesa zvigadzirwa ari kure batanidza zvinokosha zviri pamutemo mugumisiro. Inoitwa pakuti nokubatira masangano munyaya Implementation, kuurayiwa mamiriro enyika kutengeserana kuitika panguva kugamuchirwa.