Ndezvipi zvinofanirwa vasina: makomborero, makomborero, makomborero, map

The Russian Federation munhu mumagariro vaifarira mamiriro. Kufudza vagari - Zvinokosha basa nezviremera. Zvikuru akakodzera nyaya nhasi ndiyo nyaya Kushivirira vakadzi vasina nevana. Zvii akaisa amai vasina murume vokuRussia? Nyaya ino achapiwa mhinduro hwakadzama mubvunzo uyu.

mai Single: ndiani pasi pemurairo?

Kuwanda kurambana zviri Russian Federation nenguva chete inokura. Unogona nharo kwenguva refu nguva guessing uye kuti ndicho chikonzero. Izvi zvingava zvemari kusagadzikana chinzvimbo rehurumende, uye angachinja uye vanhuwo tsika. Kazhinji kuputswa mhuri vana. Kazhinji, dare anobva mwana namai vake. Nhasi, amai vasina - kwete isingawanzowanikwi chinoshamisa. Muchiitiko chino, maererano nomutemo kuva yakafanana chinzvimbo, kwete zvose vakarambana mukadzi ane mwana. Sei zvakadaro?

Under mutemo razvino, mumwe anoramba mumwe wako haangoerekani kuti mukadzi "amai vasina murume". Similar chinzvimbo mune chete vakadzi avo vakapa mwana kunze kwomuchato. Amai vasina murume vokuRussia - ndiro munhu uyo zvinhu zvinotevera zvinogona kusanganisira:

• hakuna kwemajoini kuzivisa vabereki vose;
• Saizvozvowo mashoko mbiru yacho ndiko varara;
• mukadzi akapona yapfuura pane mazuva 300 pashure pokurambana (asi muchiitiko chino zvinoda kuzivikanwa womukadzi murume aimbova murume ndiye baba mwana haana zvakakodzera);
• iye kushandisa mwana, pasina kuva panguva imwe chete ari muwanano.

Zvinokoshawo kufunga chii havagoni kuva mamiriro "amai vasina murume" mukadzi, izvo zvinosanganisira zvinotevera nzira:

• murume wake akanga kunyimwa nevabereki kodzero;
• murume wake akafa;
• baba mwana wakaisirwa uye mashoko akanyorwa muna magwaro; iye haasi mukadzi murume uyo akabereka mwana;
• nokuti chero nezvikonzero, usapinda amai gupuro kubva baba wemwana.

Saka, kuva pamutemo kuti "amai vasina murume" kwete vakadzi vasina anogona zvose nemwana.

Kodzero vasina

Vakadzi chinzvimbo "vanaamai vasina" pamutemo vane kodzero dzinoverengeka kuti kwaikodzera ratidzai pamusoro. mutemo Russian anopa sezvinotevera:

• State aipiwa kuti vanaamai vasina kuroorwa vanofanira kuripirwa nenguva uye zvakakwana, pasina kunonoka uye nezvimwe zvinetso. About ukuru zvichizoita mari mukadzi vanofanira kudzidza weDhipatimendi Social Protection, riri panzvimbo Kunyoresa yayo.
• Kuwedzera zvizere nehurumende, mumwe chete mukadzi ane mwana ari kupiwa muripo remunharaunda hunhu. anopa kwakadaro kuti vanaamai vasina kuroorwa inofanira kubhadharwa nguva dzose.

• Mukadzi wakati arangarira chinzvimbo, anekodzero abate mwana mune dzimwe preschools kubva dzoro (asi kwete mose!). Pano zvinokosha kuziva zvakanakira mari Nokuraramisa mwana kukireshi.
• Kubatsira, dzinopiwa uye kubhadhara siyana zvabatwa nomukadzi, kunyange kana iye akawanikwa. Kodzero zvinobatsira inopiwa richaparara chete kana mumwe mutsva kushandisa mwana.
• Kana amai chete pamutemo basa, zvino ane kodzero kusiya chero nguva yakakunakira kwaari.
• Single mukadzi ane mwana haagoni kupiwa kushanda maawa okuwedzera pasina pachake ayo maererano chete.
• School zvokudya, uyewo chine mabhuku kuti amai vasina mwana achava mahara.
• Vamwe amai vasina murume akakodzerwa norubatsiro mamwe makomborero pamwe kutenga zvimwe mishonga nokuti mwana; Mwana anekodzero kusunungura kuwana masaja mukamuri imwe munharaunda kiriniki.

Hazvina zvose zvakanaka, pamurairo ane chimwe mukadzi ane mwana. Chii chinodiwa kuti vanaamai vasina kuroorwa kuwedzera dzose apa? Izvi zvichakurukurwa kutsanangurwa pashure.

On kushanda maawa amai vasina

Hazvinei ndipo unoshanda mukadzi ane kuroorwa ane mwana, zvebhizimisi zvakanaka unofanira kuomerera zvinodiwa Labor Code. Kuti ichi gwaro hurukuro pamusoro vasina? Kana totaura pabasa purogiramu, zvinokosha zvinotevera:

• An mukadzi kuroorwa ane mwana pasi 5 nemakore, unogona kushanda usiku (kubvira 22 kusvika 6 am) chete chiitiko kuti ari kubvumirana, uye kana pasina contraindications utano. The mushandirwi haana kodzero kumanikidza amai vasina kusvika chaishanda usiku (chete kana basa pacharo hachisi chokutsanangura usiku basa - akadai usiku murindi basa).
• Kana mukadzi ane mwana pasi makore matatu, achikwezva kuti mabhizimisi nzendo uye basa ovhataimu zvinogoneka chete rakanyorwa mvumo.
• Vamwe amai vasina murume ane mwana pasi 14 kana mwana akaremara pasi nemakore 18, aikwanisa akodzere basa iri kukwana basa purogiramu.
• Mukadzi ane mwana akaremara anogona kushanda mamwe mazuva mana kure pamwedzi.
• Mukadzi kurera mwana kusvika makore 14 pasi seboka chibvumirano inogona inopiwa rwemavhiki maviri vasingabhadharwi anosiya chero nguva.

The muhoro amai vasina (kana hazvisi pamusoro kubatsirwa) havagoni vachamutswa saizvozvo. Mukadzi haasi kukwanisa zviri pamutemo kukodzera rinokosha muhoro kana Hourly mubayiro vakawedzera chete nokuda mwana wake.

Tinofanirawo kutaura pamusoro kudzingwa nzira. Mukadzi kurera mwana kusvika makore 14 kana ane mwana akaremara pasi nemakore 18, hazvigoni acharega nokuda rutapudzo. Anosiyiwa vanogona kuita chete zvinotevera nyaya:

• sangano chose zvachose;
• mukadzi nguva nenguva asingaiti kuzadzisa, kana taita mabasa avo;
• Mukadzi akaita unzenza chiito chikuru;
• mushandi anenge atyora ayo sungiro (akauya akadhakwa, vanoita kuba, atyora utano uye kuchengeteka, kuitirwa basa pakavanda, etc ...);
• mukadzi akawana basa zvinyorwa zvenhema.

Kana zvisiri pamutemo kudzingwa nevakadzi vanogona kuzova kubasa kana kuti kukumbira muripo kuburikidza kumatare.

yomutero yaanobhadhara

Chii yomutero yaanobhadhara? Nyanzvi kupa zvinotevera mashoko - a wakaiswa uwandu mari pamutemo vanhu zvisina mhosva kuti munhu mari mutero. Nokuda rakawedzera kukura yomutero yaanobhadhara nomubayiro wakabudiswa.

Tax mari vari kuvimba zvimwe Mapato vemunyika, kusanganisira vanaamai vasina. The yaanobhadhara iri nguva dzose mwero uye yakazvimirira munhu akadini. Saka, sezvo zviri 2017 pano kupa zvinotevera nenhamba:

• 2800 rubles vana vaviri vokutanga;
• 6 zviuru nokuti yechitatu uye mwana mumwe tevera .;
• 24 zviuru. Rubles mwana vakaremara.

Panyaya iyi, patinoratidza mari mutero vachatanga kushandiswa panyaya apo mumwe kana mumwe munhu achagamuchira anopfuura zviuru 350. Per gore (anenge 30 zviuru. Per mwedzi). Zvinokanganisawo mutemo uyu uye mamiriro munhu ave "amai vasina murume". Mwana wechipiri ari zvinosuwisa, angarega kutamba chero basa. Zvichienderana zvakadini awana amai vasina, uye achavaponesa mamiriro yomutero yaanobhadhara.

Tinofanirawo kutaura nezvazvo sei zvinoita kuti vawane vakabvumirwa kuti munhu mari mutero. Zvinyorwa zvose zvinofanira vakabvuma panzvimbo basa. Kunyorwa mashoko, iyo ichapa mushandirwi; Zvinotevera magwaro vari kuda nayo:

• mwana atoberekwa chitupa;
• A gwaro kubva redzimba dhipatimendi pamusoro pokugara;
• kunyora kubva mabharani kusavapo baba vake;
• pasipoti ramai;
• kana zvakafanira - gwaro akaremara wemwana kana gwaro kubva chikoro.

mari yezvinhu zvose zvichataurwa nokuda mushandirwi.

About chipatara kutarisirwa

Chii chinodiwa kuti vanaamai vasina kuroorwa kuwana ngavabude kurwara? Oddly zvakakwana, hapana inokosha. Pakarepo zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti hapana ropafadzo chaidzo kuwana anosiya varwere kuti vanaamai vasina kuroorwa haako. Muchiitiko chino, zvose zviri zvakangofanana sokune vakaroorana vakadzi; Hurukuro pamusoro chero zvaunokoshesa uye "hapana mitsetse" vachava chinhu kupfuura guhwa. Kunyange zvakadaro, ngwarira nyaya iyi ichiri anomira.

Federal Law "On kwairayirwa evanhu inishuwarenzi", kureva ayo yechitanhatu nyaya, hwakagara mitemo inotevera kuti ngavabude kurwara:

• kana mwana haasi makore 7, zvachose kurapwa nguva haafaniri kupfuudza mazuva 60 pagore (nokuti imwe mwana). Kana chirwere kunonyanya chakakomba, muchipatara nguva kungava kuti mazuva 90.
• Kana mwana pakati 7 uye 15 makore, muchipatara nguva angasava mazuva anopfuura 15 nokuti mai mugore.
• Kana mwana ari pakati 15 kusvika 18 makore, amai vanogona kutora anosiya kurwara kwenguva pasina mazuva anopfuura 3 (anogona kutora kuti vhiki imwe).

Ko vimba chipatara dzinopiwa kuti vanaamai vasina kuroorwa? Murayiro zvinoreva kubhadhara outpatient kurapwa. Saka pane izvi, pakukura rimwe mai wezvokudya angava:

• 100% zvakaoma panguva kushanda ruzivo kwemakore anopfuura masere;
• 80% of avhareji mubayiro panguva ruzivo mashanu masere makore;
• 60% ichitaurwa zvakaoma ane kureba makore asingasviki mashanu.

Saka, mubvunzo chii chinodiwa kuti vanaamai vasina kuroorwa vari kubatwa chipatara, anogona kunzi akavharwa. Mhinduro iri nyore: anenge chinhu; Heano vose zvakafanana mitemo sezvo vamwe vanhu.

Kubvuma kuti kukireshi: sei vakaisa mai chete?

Sezvatinoziva, basa kindergartens muna Russian Federation inodzorwa panguva matunhu neminisiparati chechetere. Izvi zvinoreva chimwe chete chinhu: zvinhu uye unhu kubvuma vana nemasangano aya dzingasiyana zvikuru zvichienderana nharaunda.

Zvii akaisa amai vasina murume kana achiisa mwana wake kukireshi? Kusvikira 2008, pakanga chepamutemo dzinoenda pamusoro kuitwa vana vasina pasina queuing munyika. Gare gare nzvimbo iyi yakanga yabviswa. Sezvineiwo, vamwe vagari kunyange pashure pamakore gumi, tenda kuti kuchine zvakajairika vasabatanidzwe. Izvi Ichokwadi, handizvo. Muna 2017 hapana anosiyiwa kuti vanaamai vasina kuroorwa munharaunda iyi, zvinosuruvarisa haako. Chokwadi, vamwe kindergartens vanogona kutora boka revanhu asvetuke kubva tungamidzana. Izvi zvinoitwa kazhinji nechinangwa kuzvisimudzira kana kuwedzera Rating.

Mune mamwe maguta, kindergartens kugamuchira vana mumhuri ine mubereki kubva chijana? Chokwadi, mashoko angachinja; asi muna 2017 ndiko Moscow (zvichienderana nhamba 1310), Yekaterinburg, Angarsk, Irkutsk nharaunda uye dzimwe nzvimbo.

Chii mhedziso chinogona kuitwa pano? Kindergartens nhasi regai unoshanda nenzira imwe mitemo. Kunyange "vanoshayiwa amai vasina vakaremara" havazogari kukodzera chero makomborero, kana havana kuiswa munzvimbo. Muripo kuti vanaamai vasina kuroorwa kukireshi havasi vakafunga kuti - nayo kare kare. Goho pangava chete: kuziva, nokuti imwe nzvimbo, zvikurukuru ine kukireshi zvakanakira ari mabiko.

Nokuti Housing amai vasina murume

Zvinonzi vakatenda kana zvakachipa kana kunyange pachena dzimba muripo kuti vanaamai vasina kuroorwa? mhinduro Simple iri, zvinosuruvarisa hazvishandi. Unofanira kutanga inokosha: hapana chinokosha zvikomborero uye mitemo chokuwana pekugara kuti vanaamai vasina kuroorwa muna Russia haako. Zvinokwanisika kuti mumutsetse kuti mufurati, kuita hurumende subsidized mapurogiramu - asi haachipo. Yose nzira chokuwana pekugara kuchaitika saizvozvo sechipo kwakajairika, mhuri dzizere.

Panguva iyoyo, nyika ine chirongwa "Young mhuri", maererano kubva 2015 kusvika 2020, hurumende kundibhadhara vagari nevana vanenge 35% of zvachose mari kutenga dzimba. Details chepurogiramu, senguva dzose, zvichaita kuvimba nharaunda.

Chii chinodiwa kuti vanaamai vasina kuroorwa inopiwa purogiramu? All chete, kuti zvavo mhuri. Misha pasi mashoko "mhuri duku" zvinokosha:

• vane Russian chizvarwa;
• kuratidza kusavapo mumwe dzimba;
• kureva kwokubatsira woruwa dzokugara;
• kupepuka kunopindirana redzimba tungamidzana.

Kana mhuri iri kuda nani dzimba mamiriro, hurumende ichakurukura zvinhu zvinotevera:

• nzvimbo kwakavakirwa pazasi zvenharaunda zvinodiwa;
• Accommodation mumba asingadi kusangana utsanana uye Utsanana zvinodiwa;
• mhuri anogara zvaiita furati;
• mhuri ine murume airwara, kurarama pedyo zvinogona kuva nengozi utano.

Oga, tinofanira kufungawo mari nevakadzi. Saka, zvichienderana sei zvakawanda awana amai vasina, uye achaita mari chirongwa ezvinhu.

masa makomborero

Resolution of Moscow Government № 816-PP inopa dzose kubhadhara Kushivirira navanaamai vasina kubva muguta bhajeti. Saka, mumwe chete mukadzi ane mwana kuzoshanda zvinotevera dzorubatsiro:

• rubles 300 pamwedzi vana pasi makore 16;
• 675 rubles pamwedzi vimba vanamai, uyewo vabereki, vaimbova vakaroorana hazvitsivi rutsigiro mwana vana kusvikira makore matatu;
• 6 zviuru. Rubles mwedzi wose rinovimba amai vasina kana baba mwana asina kuenzana makore 18 uye ari akaremara mapoka 1 kana 2. Kana mwana akadaro basa, ari kubhadhara kupururudza.

Tinofanirawo kutaura pamusoro kubhadhara vakadzi vane mari iri pasi subsistence revarombo. The mutemo inoti sezvinotevera:

• kukura imwe mai wezvokudya, mwana pasi pemakore 16 vanofanira kuva 750 rubles pamwedzi;
• 2500 rubles rinovimba vanaamai vasina ane vana vari pasi pemakore gumi 1.5, kana vane zera iri kubva 3 makore 18;
• 4500 rubles anofanira inobhadharwa vasina, ane zera - kubva 1.5 3 makore.

Mumwe nomumwe pasi mari vari yakakodzera uye zvakazara, ose mitatu achafanira kuzviisa pasi mari mashoko mumagakava kuchengeteka zviremera. The optimum Nguva pakunamata wakadaro chikumbiro achava mumwe iyo yose kwemari isingaswederi maternity makomborero.

zvakakodzera mapepa

Sei kusimbisa mamiriro ayo saamai vasina? Chii zvinyorwa nokuti ichi inofanira ndaitora? Pakarepo zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti marudzi akasiyana mapepa anodiwa kuti ose ezvinhu. Zvose zvinoenderana chii dzinopiwa mhando uye incentives anoda kugamuchira chimwe mukadzi ane mwana.

Wokutanga uye chinonyanya kukosha ndechokuti kuva amai vasina, mwana uyu tsamba yokuberekwa aine nokuputsanya mbiru pamusoro baba vake. Chete tichibatsirwa gwaro mukadzi uyu anogona kusimbisa mamiriro amai vasina. Kana gwaro iri achiri kuwanika Information pamusoro baba chaivo, asi amai vake mashoko, unofanira kuwana rinokosha nhamba 25. Tsvakai nayo, sezvo mutemo, kuna Registrar. Imomo unofanira pairi. Pashure pokugamuchira gwaro basa "amai vasina murume" mamiriro, mumwe mukadzi anotakura kuti yoruwa dhipatimendi rimwe matunhu neminisiparati munzanga kudzivirira.

Chii zvinyorwa kuunganidza amai kuti vawane pamwedzi mwana mugove? Mutemo uyu nyaya anoita zvinotevera mhando mapepa:

• pasipoti ramai;
• Mashoko pamusoro mamiriro "amai vasina murume";
• mwana atoberekwa chitupa;
• tsikisa ari pasipoti mwana wacho raamai chizvarwa;
• A gwaro kubva redzimba dhipatimendi mhuri sezvamunoita (vanofanira kusimbisa kuti amai chaizvoizvo kurarama pamwe mwana);
• kana zvakafanira - chimiro № 25 kubva Registrar;
• Statement mari vanaamai (bepa kubva Employment Service kana zvatinosiita basa-bhuku).

Sezvingatarisirwa, mumwe nomumwe pasi magwaro inofanira photocopied uye dzakabatana inokosha pasuru.

mugumisiro

Zvinofanira muchidimbu ose pamusoro, tezisno zvinoratidza mhando dzose chikuru kubatsira vasina. Panyaya yokushamwaridzana makomborero, ipapo zvinokosha nezve:

• anoita vana kumuroora achangoberekwa mwana;
• muripo dziine mwana zvokudya zvinogadzirwa (kana mwana asina makore matatu);
• zvakanakira ari mhando kwemakore matatu, haana kusvika mwana;
• mukana kwete kubhadhara ZhEKu kuti yokurasa marara uye vakachena, kana amai ane mwana pasi pemakore rimwe nehafu;
• Free mishonga kuti mwana pasi makore matatu.

Kana tiri kutaura nezvebasa makomborero, ipapo inomira kunze:

• nekusagona dzinga hadzi saimba reductions;
• hunobatsira vanaamai vasina muna liquidation iri sangano;
• zvizere mari anorwara, kana mushandi hausi mwana makore manomwe;
• kodzero zvishoma zvokuwedzera kuzororo;
• kodzero kumisa kukwana achishanda zuva (kana mwana haasi 14 years);
• kutadza kuramba amai vasina panguva basa (zvikasadaro, kukundikana chikonzero chinofanira zvinotsanangurwa zvizere uye akaratidza).

Chokwadi, pane zvimwe zvinobatsira. Zvisinei, vose kuvimba nharaunda uye mhando zvebhizimisi (dzidzo, kuenda kukireshi, tsika uye zvichingodaro. D.).