Baltic LNG: magadzirirwo kuvakwa

Near St. Petersburg, pedyo chiteshi chengarava Ust-Luga, izvozvo anoronga kuvaka chirimwa kuti pagadzirwe liquefied gasi. Large-pamwero chirongwa vanofungidzirwa pana 1 tiririyoni rubles kuti upfumi.

Prerequisites pakuvaka

Pasinei nokuti Mapaipi gasi achirasikirwa kuvatumwa liquefied kurondwa mudanga zvichikwira kuitika nevatengi chikumbiro. Panyaya iyi, utungamiriri "Gazprom" kambani akaita chisarudzo pamusoro rokuvaka zvivako zvakagadzirirwa inonzi zvinobatsira zvibvumirano uye kuti saturate kumusika akabvunza chigadzirwa. The vakaronga chirimwa, kuBaltic LNG, achaiswa riri Leningrad mudunhu, kureva munzvimbo pedyo chengarava Ust-Luga.

Kuwedzera macroeconomic maonero, kuvakwa kuBaltic LNG kugadzirisa zvimwe zvinetso Leningrad nharaunda, ichavakwa mapazi akawanda negasi mapaipi uye kugadzira zvivako. Uyezve, anoronga kutanga kupa negasi kuna Kaliningrad nharaunda, yakavakwa kuti ichi zvakakodzera kwezvivako.

zvinangwa

The chokutanga zvebasa racho "kuBaltic LNG" anonzi liquefied gasi zvacho Europe uyewo India uye Latin America. Rimwezve chinangwa kuvakwa makambani ndiko kuwedzera duku-tonnage aibuda zvokuyamura muGungwa reBaltic, uyewo zvichikuchidzira midziyo musika basa fuel (bunkering).

purojekiti

Magadzirirwo Kukwanisa iri rakaiswa pachiyero matani mamiriyoni gumi liquefied gasi pagore pamusoro, nepfungwa kuwedzera kurimwa kusvika mamiriyoni gumi matani pagore pamusoro. Chisarudzo chokupedzisira pamusoro Tab kambani, vakazivisa vatungamiri "Gazprom" muna April 2015. Kuvakwa kuBaltic LNG yainorongwa kuti kupera muna 2020. In wechina kota, maererano nepurani, iyo batch mangé zvigadzirwa wokutanga nengarava. Maererano mabhuku achangopfuura mune zvenhau, pakupera kuvaka zvaitambidzwa makore 2021-2022, asi hapana pamutemo mashoko panyaya ikoko.

The chirongwa unotora zvikamu zvitatu:

• Baltic LNG.
• Mapaipi.
• Port chinouraya pakubata midziyo pamwe gasi kwematangi.

Kuvaka kwokutanga mutengo Zvaifungidzirwa pa mabhiriyoni 460 rubles, mutengo kuwedzera chakaitika chete rubles, nekuti zvose zvakafanira midziyo zvichabviswa kutengwa kunze. In Dhora mazwi, Mari yaidiwa kuvaka kumbochinja.

Construction achaita munhu chikamu kwe "Gazprom" kambani "Gazprom LNG St. Petersburg." Partners pakutevedzera urongwa raireva dzesangano «Gazprom», Shell, kunyengetedzana pamwe Mitsui, Mitsubishi. vanhu vanenge zviuru zvitanhatu achavakira Baltic LNG. General Designer mari kururamiswa - Design Institute JSC "Giprospetsgaz". On pakuvaka Mapaipi kunosanganisira zvuru zviviri unyanzvi.

vatori

Shoma vanoita achaiswa mwoyo chirongwa kuBaltic LNG. "Gazprom" akanga rinorondedzerwa nerimwe vaikudzwa vechikamu pakuvaka ramangwana chirimwa. Mugadziriro yechinangwa St. Petersburg International Economic Forum, yakaitirwa June 2016, ari Corporation akasaina gwaro kambani Royal Dutch Shell, iyo inosimbisa mapato 'chinangwa.

Kunyange zvazvo boka German akaratidza chido vachishingaira mubasa rokuvaka, zvisinei, chibvumirano ichi hachina chasainwa, zvakawanda chete nokuvimbisa zvido. Nyanzvi Most kuchiwana kusavimbana pakati German nehanya pamwe European zvirango zvayakatemera Russia. Panguva iyoyo, Nhaurirano dziri pamusoro kukura mugove chirongwa kambani Shell.

Pakutsigira chirongwa tiri kutaura nezvomukana kuwana vakawanda mukutsirani basa 49% of mugove. Nhaurirano zviri kuramba, asi backroom kukurukura akasimbisa mashoko Shell anogona kuwana zvinenge nehafu chirimwa. Chikonzero Chisarudzo ichi ndechokuti kambani German akagadzirira kupa gasi liquefaction michina.

chakataurwa kuti "kuBaltic LNG" maumbirwo vechikamu pakuvaka chirongwa kungachinja muna July 2016. Zvishuwo kuzivisa Japanese makambani kuti vane ruzivo vari pamusika wokuRussia iri Implementation iri "Sakhalin-2" chirongwa.

Kusarudza akagadzira

Kuisa mazita "Gazprom" uye anopinda mabasa kuBaltic LNG. Afunge zvakaoma vakawanda Muvaki kusarudzwa danho. Nyanzvi mudane makambani akawanda izvo "Gazprom" haisisina collaborated mubishi kugadzirisa zvimwe zvinetso. In dzino mutengo "VNIPIgazdobycha" - kare, mukuru Mugadziri zvakafanana mabhizimisi munyika Primorye (racho haina chinozoiswa).

Uyewo zvakanga yainzi Research Institute of OJSC "Gazprom Promgaz", mumwe mukuru makambani ari indasitiri. Asi mukana wakanakisisa kuti hurongwa unorambira OAO "Giprospetsgaz" (St. Petersburg). Mumwe STRUCTURAL Mapoka kambani inotaura LNG, uye ane ruzivo mune Implementation mabasa, zvirongwa zvakafanana "kuBaltic LNG" (chirimwa). Mumwe chikamu basa boka akatotanga chinozoiswa - akabata inivhesitimendi pfungwa.

okuwedzera zvekufamba

Yemberi kuBaltic LNG chichange chiri panzvimbo Bazi Defence nyika dziri zvishoma zana metres kubva maindasitiri nzvimbo chengarava Ust-Luga. An chinokosha Implementation yose siyana kuvaka gasi Mapaipi. Zvichava ruoko achibva muguta Volkhov muna Leningrad mudunhu. Mari iri dzinounzwa imwe yoga nyaya inotaura yakazvimirira maindasitiri uye vezvokutengeserana chikwata. The Mapaipi achakupaiwo yakatsvuka zvinhu zvakananga chirimwa nezvimwe vatengi. Mari pakuvaka ichaitwa kubva vatengi gasification chirongwa.

The simba rukoronga 34 riri projected pachiyero bhiriyoni ³ cubic metres / gore LNG rokutanga chijana zvinoda 16.8 bn mamita ^3. The yasara gasi vatengi vari kuronga pachikuva achiri. Pane chirongwa kuvaka miti maviri kugadzirwa methanol. Chetatu hombe-pamwero LNG chirongwa ndiyo zvomumvura inouraya.

kare

Yokutanga mabasa nokuda kuvaka LNG vaionekwa "Gazprom" Corporation muna 2004. Pakutanga aida kuvaka muti muna Primorsk, Its zvakagadzirwa vanokwanisa ndiyo mamiriyoni 7 mamita ³ / gore, takaronga kununura zvigadzirwa muUnited States uye Canada. Muna 2007, pfungwa yakasiyiwa nepakudiwa refu LNG pana Shtokman, rinova zvomumagaba, uchisarudza kuti kukanda ose ehondo mumaguta pakuvaka Mapaipi "Nord Stream".

Pfungwa LNG postroist muna Leningrad mudunhu shure muna 2013. Choice akarara pakati nzvimbo dzine Vyborg, Primorsk uye Ust-Luga chiteshi. Chisarudzo chokupedzisira vachida pachiteshi akaiswa mangwanani January 2015. Nhandare vaiva zvakanakira anoverengeka yakakunakira gang ndima zvikepe, echando mamiriro yokuchengeteka. Rinokosha reDare Leningrad remunharaunda Kutarisirwa anoronga kuvaka hombe maindasitiri vematunhu, izvo zvinofanira kusanganisira painocheneserwa uye kwemakemikari zvivako anenge matanhatu, iyo inoda gasi nerubatsiro cubic metres kusvikira pamabhiriyoni nomwe.

zvinotarisirwa Impact

Maererano simba pamusika nyanzvi, kuvakwa kuBaltic LNG achagovera mukana anunure Russian negasi munyika idzodzo European apo Mapaipi asingadi kusvika. Zvikurukuru, rinoti Spain, uko simba-nyanyisa maindasitiri kuti uchapedza bedzi liquefied mafuta kupinza nemabhuku makuru. No zvishoma vaizotibata pawaitengesa Portugal, rechiFrench pamhenderekedzo, uye kumaodzanyemba kumatunhu Italy. Largest mutengi kuti liquefied rwokuzvarwa zvekuvaka ndiye United Kingdom, kunyange zvazvo gasi kubudikidza Mapaipi kudzikinurwa MUBHUKU yakakwana.

Asi nyanzvi chokwadi nezvinodiwa dzimwe vatengi wokuRussia liquefied negasi. musika Izvi zvikuru yemakwikwi mubishi nemakore vatambi kuvazve chikamu anogona chete kuderedza mutengo wenhumbi. Kure sezvinobvira - chero tisingagoni kutaura. The rakanaka rinoitwa pakuvaka kuBaltic LNG achaita kutamba vemo, nharaunda iyo ngozi akasiyiwa kuitwa pasina gasi pashure pakabudiswa rimwe simba chindori kuBaltic nyika. Kuvaka gasi Mapaipi haina chete anobvisa dambudziko asi anopawo zvakasimbisa kukura bhizimisi iri Leningrad mudunhu.