Dodd Act - Frank: mukuru zvokudya, zvaanoda uye zvinhu

Muna 2011, United States mari hurongwa kwave kuchiita guru kuchinja kubva Depression. Mutemo akapinda simba ari Dodd - Frank pamusoro nekushandura Wall Street uye Consumer Protection. Kusaina Barack Obama, chiito ichi rinotarisirwa kuwedzera pachena mari ino. Pakati rekona panguva ino nehurumende aisa zvido mitero. Vanhuwo Musavavhunduka nokuda kubiridzirwa uye pfupi VANOONA nzira pakati vekambani pamusoro makambani siyana.

zvinangwa

Murayiro kunosimbisa pokudzora guru zvemari masangano, kuti kusauka izvo zviri yakaenzana pokuwa yose yezvinhu, sezvakaitwa panguva ichangobva yose nemari dambudziko rakatanga zvinetso rimwe vaitungamirira yose mubhizimisi apo Lehman Brothers bhengi.

miviri itsva

Chinangwa anoita chero ezvokutengeserana maumbirwo batsiro. Uye kakawanda chido ichi zvaisaenderana basa abatsire vanhu uye neimwe yayo nhengo. Naizvozvo Dodd - Frank anopa pakagadzwa dzinoverengeka itsva masangano, chinangwa chiri kudzora mabasa systemically zvinokosha masangano zvemari, pangozi rutapudzo uye kudzivirirwa mitero. Changes dzakaitwa uye huripo miviri. Ivo akabata pamusoro, kunyanya, ari SEC, Federal Reserve uye kuchengetedzeka Investor Protection Corporation. Rakanga akasikawo nedare akadai Council for Financial takatsiga Kwakavandudzwa. Its chikuru basa ndiko kuziva yaivapo njodzi, kuwana nzira yokuderedza navo uye pakatanga zviyero zvakakodzera.

sika basa

The rokutanga 15 zvikamu Act zvachose vakazvipira kuna kwerunyararo zvemari pakusimba. It anoita pakusikwa mitumbi matsva maviri. The Office Financial Research Council kuti takatsiga Kwakavandudzwa. Ivo nomumwe vane zvavo mabasa, asi ivo vanoshanda pfungwa rwevanhu kuwedzera kutsiga hurongwa. Monitors mabasa avo Ministry of Finance. The Council inoongorora mashoko nokuda subsidiaries wamasangano, uye pamusoro wayo hwaro kubereka ngozi kupima. sachigaro wayo zvino chete mvumo munhu anokwanisa ruzhinji kwenhengo anogona kushandisa kudzora Fed makambani avo ezvemari kuti vari chifungidziro mukuti kutakura nengozi kutsiga National upfumi. The Board zvakare monitors zvose normative mabasa chokuita nzvimbo iyi, uye ari mukurukuri nguva pamusangano of Congress. Chinangwa Office ndiko kutungamirira mabasa mitumbi munzvimbo date muunganidzwa uye tsvakurudzo zvainanga pokumuka maturusi kuti kuongorora uye ngozi kupima. Sezvo chikamu mumuviri zvinofanirwa kusika nzvimbo mbiri: date kubudiswa uye ongororo yesayenzi.

OTC wokutengesera

Kana ukaverenga Dodd - Frank muna Russian, zviri pachena kuti oparesheni zvino anogara muna US, "Forex" musika pamutemo. Act ichi kazhinji zvinopa kuti kurambwa OTC wokutengesera zvakakwana. Vose mari uye simbi dzinokosha. Inowira pasi kurambidzwa, uye mabasa makambani kuti kubvumira US vatengi-vagari dzavo kuchinjanisa nemumwe ari "Forex" musika. kwema izvi hazvina kare vakanyorwa pamusoro Stock Exchange uye ndakaiswa zvakazara mukati makambani. Kuchinja kwakadaro kunofanira kutungamirira zvinoderedza kubiridzirwa, kuwedzera pachena mari ino uye kuitira kudzivirira makambani 'kodzero.

liquidation zvekufamba

The pose zvemari dambudziko ra2008 rakanga kukonzerwa kwete chete kune urongwa zvikwereti wokusavimbika anokwereta, asi kutya kuti akamuka pashure kusauka huru mubhizimisi boka sezvo Lehman Brothers. Naizvozvo, Volcker mutemo uye Dodd - Frank streamline mabasa nemasangano systemically kukosha kwayo kugumiswa. Consumer anomukweretesa anosiiwa mari rwezvemabhengi, private kuenzana uye dzavo masangano zvemari, ruzhowa mari. Dodd - Frank uye Volcker mutemo chokuita aifanira kudzivirira vanhuwo vokuAmerica mitero. The anotanga mitemo mitsva nokuda kubviswa nemakambani systemically kuchikosha, apo wechipiri ichikutadzisa ari Bank Kukwanisa kushandisa pachake vanoita aro ruzhowa mari. Zvino vanogona chete aine 3% rokupedzisira guta. Dodd Act - Frank anopa rinokosha hurumende liquidation makuru mari nemasangano ane kukundikana zvingaita kuti kuparara yose yezvinhu. The yose nzira iri zvino inotsigirwa nehurumende US. Zvinofungirwa kuti nenzira iyi tichadzivisa nokutya pamisika uye kutengeswa kubhangi kuti yesangano panguva imwe undervalue. Pashure pakuguma zvibviswe varidzi vari reimbursed nokuda mari. Kana nguva pfupi asati rokuzivisa kusauka wokupedzisira kuedza kupfuura chikamu chepfuma kana yesangano kumapati rechitatu, asi zvino pane muitiro kudzoka tsika dzakadaro.

Okusuma zvirango nenhungamiro

Mutemo rinopawo oga mutoro pamusoro vatungamiriri vane maitiro zvakatungamirira nekambani kuparara. Chokwadi, havana havachafaniri utariri, uye dzimwe nguva vangaita rambidza kutora zvakafanana zvinzvimbo mamwe masangano zvemari. Maererano murairo Dodd - Frank navo rinogona akapora kunyange kwakakanganisa kuti kambani.

mamiriro

Dodd - Frank ine zvikamu 15. Wokutanga unotsaurirwa pakupa zvemari isimbe. It anopa pakagadzwa mitumbi matsva maviri. Chikamu chechipiri rinotsanangura nzira yose liquidation. Third - kutapurirana masimba. Anoti kubviswa aivapo masangano kuderedza kuburitsa mufananidzo mabasa nokuda mutemo bhora ichi. Chikamu chechina rakazvipira vachiongorora mumabasa varairiri zvemari. Sezvo kwokutanga izvozvo yaidzorwa chete panguva remunharaunda vanochiva yakapa kukura nokuda kubiridzirwa nhau, uye dzimwe inotambudza. Chikamu wechishanu inosanganisira vachiongorora zvose zvinobatanidzwa inishuwarenzi. Dodd - Frank zvemari kuchinja kunosanganisira kuvandudzika uye mutemo. chikamu chake rechitanhatu inonzi Volcker vakuitirewo. Chikamu rechinomwe kunosanganisira mutemo kumusika rokuwedzera kwemutongo nomukaka uye zvikwereti default swaps. Pakupedzisira Trade anofanira kuva chose unganidza. Sere vaifungira rokubvisa uye ugari chikanganiso. The Fed anofanira kuva nevakawanda ngozi zvakanaka zvaanoda systemically kukosha zvemari masangano. Izvi zvichawedzera kutsiga upfumi rose. Dodd Act - Frank nevatengi kudzivirirwa kunoda nani richiona pamusoro kuchengetedzeka pamusika. Chikamu ichi yakatsaurirwa rechipfumbamwe. The wegumi unotsaurirwa asika mukati Fed kuti mutengi kudzivirira Bureau. Zvinofanira waidzora urongwa zvemari zvinogadzirwa okupedzisira. Chitsauko wegumi otaura Fed masimba itsva chokuita yakarongeka liquidation makambani makuru. Wegumi zvinoratidza kurerutsa kuwana vomuUmambo neavhareji kana mari shoma iri mari ino. Namatatu chikamu kugadzirisa mutemo pamusoro Kudzikamiswa hwenyika muna 2008 gore. Namana nekushandura mortgages. Nemashanu partition - ichi mumwe chinzvimbo.