Baroque mabhuku - chii? Manyorero Baroque mabhuku. Baroque mabhuku Russia: Mienzaniso uye vanyori

Baroque - chinhu mifananidzo sangano yakazokudziridzwa mukutanga XVII remakore. Translated kubva Italian rinoreva "noshamisa", "wokumwe". Izvi Muitiro ragunzva marudzi akasiyana ounyanzvi uye kunyanya mapurani. Uye chii ane hunhu zviri Baroque mabhuku?

A Nhoroondo shoma

Mukusarudza chinzvimbo munzanga uye enyika hupenyu Europe iri nemanomwe remakore, rwaigara chechi. Uchapupu ichi - kunoshamisa Monument kuti mapurani. Simbisa simba chechi yaifanira kuva tichibatsirwa romubati mifananidzo. Zvinodiwa chinhu inopenya, Artsy, kunyange kupfuura nyanyisa. Saka akaberekwa idzva zvinoyevedza nhungamiro, yaiva nzvimbo yechizvarirwo ari ipapo nemagariro muzinda Europe - Italy.

Izvi zviri kuitika yakatanga kukura kwayo mune mifananidzo uye mapurani, asi gare gare rakawedzerwa nedzimwe mhando art. Writers uye vadetembi regai kuramba achigara kubva kuitika itsva mutsika. Akaberekwa mutsva mirayiridzo - Baroque mabhuku (madudziro emazwi pazuva rechipiri mabhii).

Mabasa Baroque akanga achida kukudza simba kereke. Munyika dzakawanda, nharaunda iyi yambokurukurwa somunhu mhando ounyanzvi dare. Zvisinei, gare gare, vakanga akacherekedza Baroque mhando. Paivawo chaiwo zviri zvidavado ichi. The kupfuura kushingaira kusimudzira Baroque akagamuchira munyika Catholic.

chikuru zvinhu

Zvinotarisirwa yeKaturike kusimbisa nokuungudza simba uyewo zvichibvira kunoenderana unyanzvi, kuti maitiro zviri zvakanga ichiyevedza, pomposity, dzimwe nguva akawedzeredzwa expressiveness. Mumabhuku zviri pathetic, nzeve utere, uye, oddly zvakakwana, pamuviri musimboti. A pachena chinoratidza kuti uri Baroque manyorerwo ndiyo kongiri pamusoro kutobaya uye yepanyika.

mhando

Baroque mabhuku muunganidzwa mabasa ounyanzvi, iyo inogona Akasiyanisa pamwe chaiwo. Moliere, Racine uye Corneille akasika mabasa avo maererano nemitemo yakaoma. In mabasa akanyora vamiririri munzvimbo dzakadai Baroque mabhuku, pane madimikira, zviratidzo, zvinyorwa zvokupikisa, gradation. Ivo vanoonekwa ne illusory hunhu, kushandisa nzira dzakasiyana kutaura.

mabhuku Baroque dzakwidzwa rakakamurwa mhando dzakawanda:

• Marinism;
• Gongorism;
• konseptizm;
• euphuism.

Kuedza kunzwisisa zvinhu neimwe nzvimbo idzi hakusi zvakakodzera. Zvakakosha kutaura mashoko mashomanana pamusoro ndedzipiko manyorero zviri Baroque mabhuku, vari vamiririri vayo huru.

Baroque aesthetics

Panguva Renaissance mumabhuku vakatanga kuratidza Humanism pfungwa. Panzvimbo yerima Ages nyika akasvika pakuziva kukosha kwevanhu unhu. The Kujekerwa ari kushingaira kukura kwesayenzi, kwouzivi nemagariro pfungwa. Asi asati paiva mirayiridzo yakadaro Baroque mabhuku. Chii? Tinogona kutaura kuti manyorero Baroque mabhuku - rudzi kuchinja kubatana. It chakatsiva Renaissance poetics, asi haana kwayo negation.

Hwaro Baroque aesthetics - the kudhumhana wokushora maonero maviri. In mabasa ichi mifananidzo kufamba pebhanhire anosanganisa kudavira kwevanhu mukana uye kudavira muna omnipotence zvakasikwa. Vanoratidza vose pfungwa uye nyama zvinodiwa. Nderipi dingindira nemabasa, akasikwa vaitungamirirwa "mabhuku Baroque"? Writers havafarirwi imwe pfungwa maonero panzvimbo yomunhu munzanga uye munyika. pfungwa dzavo ranged pakati hedonism uye kunakidzwa, denga nenyika, Mwari uye dhiabhori. Chimwe chakanangana Baroque mabhuku ndiyo kudzoka motifs yekare.

Baroque mabhuku, mienzaniso izvo zvinogona kuonekwa kwete chete muItaly asiwo Spanish, French, Polish uye tsika Russian, yakavakirwa panheyo tichibatanidza incongruous. The vanyori kubatanidzwa mubasa rake rakasiyana Genres. Chinangwa chikuru chemusha chaiva vakashamiswa kwavari richandifukidza muverengi. Strange mifananidzo, kujairika zvikamu, achiunganidza akasiyana-siyana zvifananidzo, mubatanidzwa enyika uye zvechitendero - zvimwe zvose Baroque mabhuku.

nyika maonero

Baroque haisiyi humanistic pfungwa kuri muna Renaissance. Asi pfungwa idzi tsaona Hue. Man Baroque dzichinetseka dzinopesana pfungwa. Akagadzirira kurwisa manzwiro avo uye munzanga ezvinhu nemauto.

An chinokosha Pfungwa Baroque nyika ndiyo wemishonga chaidzo uye zvekufungidzira, akakodzera uye yepanyika. Authors akasika mabasa avo mumagadzirirwo ichi, kazhinji kuwana kukwezvana kuti kusawirirana, zvokufananidzira mhamhidzirwa.

External chinoratidza Baroque muri chinhu chimwe kunzwisisa runako. Pretentiousness siyana, nokubwinya, ukuru - the maitiro zviri ichi muitiro.

magamba

A chaiwo hunhu iri Baroque mabasa munhu ane chido chakasimba, kwamachinda kugona kufunga rationally. Somuenzaniso, magamba Calderon - Spanish dramatist, mumwe chakajeka vamiririri Baroque mabhuku - akafukidzwa ne nyota ruzivo, kuda kururamisira.

Europe

Vamiririri rokuItari Baroque mabhuku - ndiye Jacopo Sannadzoro, Tebeldeo, Tasso, Guarini. In mabasa vanyori izvi aripo pretentiousness, ornamentalism, shoko mutambo uye kukwezvana kuti rengano nyaya.

The chikuru mumiririri Baroque mabhuku chiSpanish Luis De Matangira, mumwe akasiyana unyanzvi mirayiridzo vaakadana anonzi. Other Vamiririri - Baltasar Gracian, Alonso De Ledesma, Frntsisko of Quevedo. Ndikati dzakatangira Italy, Baroque aesthetics akazopiwa kushingaira budiriro iri kuSpain. Features ichi mabhuku kufamba imomo uye prose. Zvakakwana kuyeuka yakakurumbira "Don Quixote." Cervantes 'gamba anogara pamwe mune zvokungofungidzira nyika ivo. Akane the Knight of neshungu kwechiso kufanana Homeric rwendo nezvounhu. Asi bhuku Spanish munyori chipo zvokufananidzira uye munhu anofadza.

Monument of Baroque mabhuku ndiyo "Simplicissimus" Grimelsgauzena. In nganonyorwa iyi, iyo vakararama kungaita zvishoma eccentric uye kwete pasina enyambo, akaratidza zvinosuwisa munhoroondo Germany, anoti Makumi Matatu Years War. Pakati pebindu - nyore jaya, vari kusingaperi rokufambira uye kutambudzwa zvose kusuruvara uye anosetsa ushingi.

In France, iyi yave yakakurumbira kazhinji "Précieuses".

In Poland Baroque mabhuku rinomiririrwa mazita akadai Zbignev Morshtyn, Vespasianius Kohovsky, Vatslav Pototsky.

Russia

Polotsky uye F. Prokopovich - vamiriri Russian Baroque mabhuku. Izvi zviri kuitika yaiva mupfungwa yakati chepamutemo. mabhuku Baroque muRussia dzakaratidzwa achinyanya iri courtly nhetembo, asi rwakaramba vakashanduka zvishoma zvakasiyana pane munyika dzokuMadokero European. Chokwadi ndechokuti, sezvo tichiziva kuti Baroque kwakatsiva Renaissance, riri aisatombowanika Russia. A mabhuku sangano, anotaurwa munyaya ino, aiva misiyano shoma kubva mifananidzo nechokugedhi yokusafa tsika Renaissance.

Simeon pamusoro Polotsk

Naizvozvo anoedza zvichiberekana mu nhetembo ake akasiyana pfungwa uye pfungwa. Polotsk akapa pfungwa nhetembo uye kunyange zvishomanana wake ushamwari hwepedyo nesayenzi. Collections mabasa ake patakafanana Encyclopedic maduramazwi. mabasa ake Anonyanyowanika vakazvipira siyana evanhu.

Chii nhetembo anotora muverengi ano? Chokwadi, gare gare. Ko chinotapira Russian murume - Baroque mabhuku kana Silver Age? Ungangove, yokupedzisira. Akhmatova, Tsvetaeva, Gumilev ... Creation, izvo akasika Polotsk, hakugoni kupa mufaro kupa vanoda nhetembo. Munyori uyu akanyora dzakatevedzana nhetembo, moralizing hunhu. Ndinoona kuti nhasi zvakaoma nokuda kwokuwanda nderechinyakare zvivakamutauro siyana uye archaisms. "Murume vinopiytsa byashe" - mutsara, kukosha kuti haasi munhu wose kunzwisisa kwedu panguva.

Baroque mabhuku, uyewo mamwe hwemashiripiti mumagadzirirwo ichi, customizable pamusoro rusununguko rwokusarudza kuti achishandisa mashoko. Mabasa zvacho siyana. Uye kazhinji ivo varipo kusava netariro anokonzerwa chivimbo kwevanhu nokusava nesimba pamusoro nechitarisiko nemauto. Panguva iyoyowo, ruzivo pamusoro impermanence hwenyika pamwe nechido rokukunda dambudziko. Achibatsirwa mabhuku vakaedza pakuziva pfungwa yepamusorosoro, kunzwisisa nzvimbo yomunhu ari Kuwanda kwakaita zvinhu zvakasikwa.

The Baroque ainyatsotsanangura chigadzirwa okupidigura enyika uye magariro. Zvinonzi dzimwe nguva akaona sezvo mukuedza kuvandudza Ages nyika. Zvisinei, maitiro aya ane nzvimbo inokosha munhoroondo mabhuku, uye kupfuura zvose, nokuti akanga ari hwaro kukura ichangopfuura kuitika.