The matatu War: zvikonzero zvechitendero uye zvematongerwo enyika

The matatu War - wokutanga uto kurwisana kuti takurirwa yose Europe. Zvakatora mapoka makuru maviri muchirongwa: Habsburg Unit (rweAustro-German uye Spanish Habsburgs, yeRoma hugota muGermany, Poland) uye Anti-Habsburg mubatanidzwa (Denmark, Sweden, France, maProtestenti hugota kuGermany, England, Holland, Russia). Nekutumirwa kwemauto makakatanwa pave zvose zvechitendero uye zvematongerwo enyika zvikonzero.

zvikonzero zvechitendero

"Zvitendero War" - ndiro zita hombe-pamwero rechiuto kurwisana, kubvira 1618 kusvika 1648 wechipiri. Zvechokwadi, Hondo Yemakore Makumi Matatu chainyanya vanotyisa nguva yokurwisana muzana remakore rechi17 pakati pevaKaturike nevaPurotesitendi. vanhu vazhinji vakatora zvombo kuti asimbise pakudzorwa ari "kutenda zvakanaka". On echitendero hunhu hondo uye zvinoratidza mazita dzairwisana vanovatsigira. Kunyanya, maProtestenti Evangelical mubatanidzwa akasika (1608), uye maKatorike - Catholic League (1609).

Kuwanda ukama nevaPurotesitendi nevechechi yeRoma kwakaitika apo muna 1617 muCzech Republic akaziviswa Mambo Ferdinand Styria, uyo aivawo mugari wenhaka rose Mutsvene hweRoma. Aiva muKaturike uye haana kuenda kutora zvido nevaPurotesitendi. Izvi zvinoratidzwa pachena mitemo yayo. Saka, vaKaturike, akapa neropafadzo siyana uye kodzero nevaPurotesitendi zvishoma zvakasimba. Mbiru hurumende Key inogarwa nevaPurotesitendi nekusiyana, vakatambudzwa. Chakanga zvavakatemerwa kurambidza aurayiwe Protestant kunamata. Nokuda chisimba vairatidzira vakaenda nevaKaturike. Kusanzwisisana Religious zvakare kuva chenhando.

Zvose pamusoro kwakaguma kwebope muPrague Protestant May 23, 1618. Zvino paiva "The Second Defenestration wokuPrague": vapanduki echiPurotesitendi akakanda napamahwindo mumwe nhare wokuPrague Habsburg vakuru. Recent vakapona chete nemhaka yokuti rikawira mupfudze. Gare gare, chechi yeRoma anotsanangura ruponeso achishandisa ngirozi. Pashure pezviitiko izvi uto Catholic yaifamba pamusoro vapanduki. Saka vakatanga Matatu Years War.

political zvikonzero

Asi zvinokonzera makumi matatu Years War kwete chete chokuita nechitendero. Enyika hunhu makakatanwa kwakaratidzwa pachena nekutambira nguva hondo (Swedish, Danish, uye French uye Swedish). Mwoyo yawo yakanga pakurwisana hegemony pakati Habsburgs. Somuenzaniso, Denmark uye Sweden, akadzivirira zvido vaPurotesitendi, vaisazokwanisa hutungamiri enyika muCentral Europe. Uyezve, nyika idzi akararama kubvisa vakwikwidzi pamusoro kuchamhembe gungwa pakutengeserana.

The matatu War pave kusabatana Habsburg Empire, saka kunyange Catholic France vakatsigira nevaPurotesitendi. Last kutya kunyanya Kusimbaradza roUmambo uye vakanga miganhu dzinofunga muna Southern kuNetherlands, nharaunda yeAlsace, Lorraine, uye kuchamhembe kweItaly. England zvakare mutsimba Habsburgs kugungwa. The matatu War, zvikonzero izvo akarara muna chitendero, akakurumidza dzikava rimwe remasangano European enyika.