Chii chakanga hunhu pambiru-kuchinja indasitiri? Main migumisiro kwemaindasitiri

Kukura Bhizimisi iri post-kuchinja nguva yakanga dzinoratidzwa kubudikidza chidzoke idzva, capitalist ukama. The abolition ose serfdom uye kunzwisisa kuchinja rwakagadzirira nzira zvinhu munyaya zvose zvoupenyu zvoupfumi. Kuti aiita pambiru-kuchinja Kugadzirwa bhizimisi iri Russian Empire, muchidimbu zvinotsanangurwa munyaya ino.

MARARAMIRO Industry Development

Pakupera ari XIX remakore kwemaindasitiri vava kutopedza. Russian Empire guru kumhanya yakatowedzera ayo zvoupfumi mukana, bhuku maindasitiri Kugadzirwa yakawedzera kanomwe tichienzanisa nemakore-remakore. Chinhu chikuru kuti aiita pambiru-kuchinja Kugadzirwa indasitiri akarongwa pazasi:

- Cheap vechibharo. Maererano abolition kuti serfdom muna Russian Empire, boka vanhuwo zvavo vakanga rusununguko, asi panguva iyoyo akanga asina yagara pfuma. Mukutsvaka zvevanhu nechouviri gobvu vakatamira kunzvimbo yavaizova kurarama uye kuwana. Saka pedyo huru maindasitiri emakambani akasika guta idzva.

- vakawanda kwezvoupfumi kunoparirwa ndakakuitai upfumi asununguke uye rikwezve dzimwe makambani.

- The anobudirira kushandisa noungwaru kwesayenzi Kubudirira, kushandisa unyanzvi uye ruzivo nyanzvi kubva kunyika dzakasiyana-siyana.

- hurumende rutsigiro simba, kusanganisira mari, hombe mumhuri guta.

guta vatorwa

Mafekitari dzakatangwa ane chinokosha kota vanorumwe guta, iro aiita kuti kukura post-zvinhu indasitiri. Shipbuilding, migodhi, zvemakemikari uye ouinjiniya Mazinga nokukwezvwa German, French, zveBelgium uye British capitalists. Food uye chiedza Mazinga vari kufarira mumhuri makambani. State zvido kunge nezvezvandaifanira mupomerwi zvekutepfenyura.

Geography maindasitiri nharaunda

Vazhinji bhizimisi iri kusimbiswa mashoma dzenyika. Donbass, North-kumadokero Russia, ivo Urals uye Baku akava chikuru maindasitiri dziri Russian Empire. Dzimwe nzvimbo yakaramba agro-artisanal upfumi. selectivity Izvi nokuda mawa enzvimbo wevasungwa munzvimbo idzi chisingakoshi basa, zvicherwa uye yakakodzera logistics, izvo zvinoreva kuti kugadzirwa ari akavimbisa angabatsira zvikuru, izvo aiita kuti kukura post-zvinhu indasitiri.

migumisiro post-kuchinja

aiva kwemaindasitiri kutopedza pedyo 1880s. Mune chimwe chizvarwa, kuchinja kubva yechinyakare kugadzira kurimwa kuti fekitari muitiro. Steam michina chakatsiva remaoko. Kukamurwa kupinda yoga kugadzira akavhiyiwa akaita duku uye yaisadhura rwokugadzira. Active kuvakwa njanji chakakurudzira kusikwa vakawanda vadyi wemari makambani uye zvokutengeserana mabhanga. Railway senga vakabatsira kutanga wezvokutengeserana uye kwakamutsa vanhu mari.

Pakazosvika 1880, wokuRussia muUmambo mwero maindasitiri kukura rakava kutanga munyika. Post-Reform Industry, vanoshingaira nemari rubatsiro kubva kune dzimwe nyika uye kushandisa Zvakawanikwa mune zvesainzi zvaiita kuchengeta yakakwirira kumhanya zvoupfumi. A rutsigiro simba hurumende kuti chaiyo, kunyange chinzvimbo zvirongwa, akadai pave kuSiberia uye kudzidza kweArctic dziri Russian North.