Kenza dundira nevanhu: kurarama, nechirwere, fungidziro

kenza dundira - nekenza zvakajairika kuti chirwere kakawanda vanhu. In okurapa, kusiyanisa mhando mbiri chikuru zvokurwara: invasive uye non-invasive chimiro. Muchiitiko chokutanga, chirwere dzinoratidzwa panowanikwa kenza riri kufambira mberi nokukurumidza, non-invasive muchimiro dundira zvinganaka ane benign kosi. Asi kunyange "chiedza" dzakasiyana-siyana hosha kunoda kuramba zvichiongororwa pedyo mazvikokota, nokuti inogona kuva muchimiro ngozi.

Basic mashoko pamusoro zvirwere zvakadai nekenza dundira nevanhu (kurarama, kurapwa uye chirwere nzira, zvinhu kukonzera chirwere) unopiwa munyaya.

boka nengozi

Sarudza dzakananga mhaka chirwere pari zvisingaiti. Uyewo haizivikanwi nei mumwe munhu sokuti kuva gwindiri uye kutungamirira nenzira kwakarurama upenyu, anogona pakarepo kuwana kenza, uye mumwe asingadi kuvhiringidza nechitarisiko anomera akasiyana-siyana, kunyange zvazvo ine tsika dzakaipa uye comorbidities.

Kuwedzera ndingangokuvara kuonekwa kenza dundira zvinhu zvinotevera:

• kuvapo zvinokuvadza: nechikakananda uye doro kuyanzva;
• vanoshorwa nhodzera: panyaya kenza pedyo nehama;
• onana navamwe makemikari: benzene, aniline madhayi, uye zvokufembedzwa;
• kuvapo vachiberekwa abnormalities of dundira;
• kazhinji mumuviri kana mupfungwa;
• kururama (safunga) zvokudya, kakawanda kudya zvakare nemafuta kana zvakakanyiwa namafuta zvokudya;
• chemo- kana radiotherapy kuti murwere nhoroondo;
• chisingaperi zvirwere nezvezvimwe zvinetso zvedundira.

Panguva iyoyo, tikadzidza mugumisiro HPV (Human Papilloma Virus) pamusoro ngozi kenza vemunyika vari dundira. kuongorora kwesayenzi zvinoratidza kuvapo kutaurirana pakati izvi pathologies maviri. Somuenzaniso, papilloma ari dundira vanoonekwa munhu precancerous ezvinhu , uye vari pasi rokubvisa.

Kuwanda kenza

kenza dundira nevanhu (kupukunyuka kunoenderana yezvakaita anomera) zvikuru mune mukupera pakati uye kukwegura. About 3-6% anomera ose benign kana akaipa hunhu apo hwakadzama Diagnostics vari kenza chete dundira. Gore negore, vanachiremba akaonekwa nyaya itsva 300, hafu yavo kupera norufu murwere.

The kunotoda mufananidzo Oncology

Ndezvipi zviratidzo uye fungidziro kunoratidzwa kenza dundira nevanhu? Survival, Kugadzirwa zviratidzo bundu mumuviri zvine chokuita, kureva. E. Pane kwokuomerwa kenza kunobva vanofungidzirwa kushurudzira. Mukutanga zvokukura chero chirwere anogona ndisipo, uye wokutanga unhu chiratidzo kenza ari kurapwa mufananidzo ndiwo hematuria - reropa kuwanika weti. Hematuria chingava chiratidzo uye vamwe anogumbura pezvakaitwa uye chisingaperi zvirwere, saka kwayakatangira kunofanira kuva kwechokwadi Murabhoritari nemiedzo, uye zvokurapa Diagnostics.

kenza dundira nevanhu (eg zvikurukuru kunotsamira chaiyo pamusoro kwokuomerwa ari kurapwa mufananidzo) rine zvinotevera zviri:

• kuomerwa kana kuita weti kakawanda, dzimwe kutyorwa kuri akabuda mashandiro kuti weti;
• kuzvimba ari muhudyu;
• zvikuru uye Kuramba kurwadziwa wevasungwa pamusoro pelvic nadzo uye parutivi mudumbu;
• kupererwa neropa;
• mukuru Kuipa utano, simba, hope nenyonganiso uye kurasikirwa kudya.

On pakanyorwa kenza angamuka: pyelonephritis, cystitis, chisingaperi renal kukundikana uye nezvimwe chokuita nezvirwere nezvezvimwe zvinetso zvedundira uye zvomudumbu nehurongwa.

kenza dundira nevanhu (Kupona, zvaigona kunge kwazvo, kunyange kuparadza) pakati dhigirii wechina kunoratidzwa vakawanda dysfunctions kuti nhengo dzomukati. Pane kurwadziwa Munzvimbo, huwandu ropa iri weti inowedzerawo yekudyidzana anooneka kupererwa, vakawanda ropa clots pamusoro romukati pemvura njodzi nenyere. The yokupedzisira anogona kukonzera kakawanda kubuda ropa.

Possible metastases (kunyanya paya matanho) pamwe pathologies akadai nekenza dundira mu vanhurume. Wokurarama pamusoro metastases kuderedza, t. To. Bvunzai zvakakomba matambudziko.

Nzira dzekufambisa Pakusarudza kenza

The kwokuomerwa ari kurapwa mufananidzo, chikuva uye kuvapo yematambudziko akatsunga kenza dundira nevanhu, uye kurarama. Chirwere kuti Danho rimwe nerimwe riri kukura kenza anogona siyana. Muchechi zvinotevera zvinokosha nzira kuti Detective kenza:

• chinooneka rokuongorora uye kutanga kutsvaka murwere: chiremba anowana akabudisa chichemo, akabvunza pamusoro mararamiro uye nhodzera, ongorora nhoroondo;
• rabhoritari weti kuongorora vakatsunga kuvapo mapuroteni kuti vari yo nyanyisa namamota, nhamba masero matsvuku eropa uye rwarisa vamiririri;
• Cystoscopy: kudzidzwa dundira kupinda urethra nokusuma yokurapa zano rinokosha;
• Biopsy: The kupfuura mashoko nzira, iyo anobvumira kuona kuvapo uye hunhu dzidzo pamwe 100% mukana;
• Ultrassom, MRI uye CT tarisei: kuri mitoo kukubatsira kuona kukura bundu uye rwakadini kupararira;
• X-ray musiyano mumiririri: Chinangwa nzira ine kuona ukuru kupinda chirwere mumuviri pamadziro.

Kuongorora kupararira kwechirwere panguva kungwara ari kupinda chiremba anogona kupiwa uye zvokuwedzera.

Zvakakosha kutsvaka nyanzvi rubatsiro panguva zviratidzo yambiro yokutanga. Kunyange mumamiriro ezvinhu akanakisisa (kana asina chirwere oncological chirwere), achinetseka vanhurume, ropa iri weti, uye marwadzo zvingava zviratidzo ane kumbonyanya chakakomba chakasimba kana chirwere anogumbura urongwa, zvirwere excretory hurongwa.

kurapwa

In oncology (nekenza dundira nevanhu) kupukunyuka inokosha nzira kunokwanisa yekudyidzana kuvandudza kana kurapa ichiitwa nenguva nenzira. Nzira dzekufambisa kusunga bundu angava sezvinotevera: yakakura (surgically), mishonga uye radiotherapy.

Sarudza nzira yokurapa kunobva hunhu uye kosi yacho chirwere unodiwa. Somuenzaniso, apo wechina (okupedzisira) pavaipfuura kenza kazhinji kunyange kushanda kupindira pane basa, uye zvose zvinoitwa vanachiremba ndanzwawo kuti aivabatsira murwere ezvinhu.

kuvhiya kupindira

Pakurapa chirwere rinonzi nekenza dundira nevanhu (kupona mu nenguva vasabatwa nezvirwere zvakakwirira zvakakwana) kunosanganisira excision pakati bundu, metastasis, kana kuti nhengo surgically. The nzira kurapwa kunoratidzwa chero pavaipfuura chirwere, kunze chechina - mu chamber zviitiko chirwere angangorema kunyatsobatsira zhinji nhengo uye hurongwa, izvo zvinoita operative kupindira dzisingashandi kana kunyange ngozi murwere upenyu.

Huwandu uye nzira kushanda vari kunyanya nomumwe. Somuenzaniso, kubvisa namamota duku tanga (nokuti mangwanani chirwere zvirwere) anowanzopa yakanaka mugumisiro, uye murwere anonaya, danho rechipiri uye rechitatu inogona kutsanangurwa kwakakwana kubviswa ukama nenyere.

Irradiation: mishonga uye radiotherapy

Rinoreva chirwere kuti chemo- uye radiotherapy, "kenza dundira" nevanhu. Wokurarama kuti mishonga yekudyidzana kunowedzera, sezvo zvinoderedza mukana kuitazve uye ndiyo nzira inonyatsobudirira nokuda kuzorodzwa kenza kuti rapararira kune dzimwe nhengo dzawo.

Radiation kurapa inowanzoshandiswa yokuderedza kukura namamota sokuti, kubvumira iwe kuti zvibvire mberi kuvhiyiwa. Chinobatsira kurapwa kuti ropa. Radiotherapy kunoita chinorwadza mapfupa metastases.

Relief murwere ari akazotevera matanho

Zvinosuruvarisa kana kenza kwechikuva wechina, ruzhinji dzokurapa kuti yekudyidzana vanatsiridze fungidziro havana kuwanika uye haazogumisi zvakakodzera mugumisiro. Chinhu bedzi anogona kuita kuti vanachiremba - zvimwe kuvasunungura zviratidzo uye kuvandudza murwere zvakanaka mune chirwere chakakomba zvakadai, akadai nekenza dundira nevanhu.

Wokurarama kurapwa rechitatu kana kuti rechina matanho havagoni kuvandudza, zvakagadzirirwa kuramba muviri mashandiro kuti zvinokosha muupenyu, ropa, plasmapheresis, ropa yokuzvinatsa; vaiita kudzivirira yematambudziko iri zvakananga upenyu pangozi. Chimwe chinhu chinokosha vachinyatsoziva marwadzo mishonga.

Itsva nzira kurapwa kubatsira kuderedza marwadzo ari kwokupedzisira zvokukura nekenza dundira, uye kuwedzera upenyu murwere kusvikira rimwe gore kana kupfuura.

chirwere dzokororo

Ichienzaniswa nedzimwe nekenza, kenza dundira nevanhu (wokurarama pashure pokuvhiyiwa anenge 50%) kunoratidzwa kakawanda zvazvo. Pashure maviri mwedzi mina pashure bundu resection uye zvadaro dzimwe nguva (inobva zvechadenga chirwere mune imwe murwere) zvinoratidza chokudzivirira kuzviongorora.

Wedzerai ngozi dzokororo anotevera zvinhu:

• yakakura kukura bundu;
• excision pamusoro neoplasms akawanda;
• kukundikana zvinoenderana kunenge ari kupinda chiremba;
• unsystematic mishonga;
• Late Danho kenza;
• kuva munhukadzi.

Wokurarama kuti kenza dundira

Chii chikamu zvakanaka kurapa pa chirwere "kenza dundira" nevanhu (raramo)? The fungidziro nokuti diagnosing bundu iri kwokutanga Danho iri kubva 50 kusvika 80% zvakanaka kuguma kurapwa, kenza dhigirii rechitatu kana kuti rechina anopa kuipa results: anenge 15-20%. Zviri mubvunzo nokushivirira kupona mukati makumi matanhatu mwedzi pashure mushonga. Pashure vakabudirira mabatiro zero padariro kenza, kana mapundu ose asi, asi akawana mamwe masero kanganisika, wokurarama ndiyo chinyorwa 90-95%.

Vakadzi vanowanzotevedzera kuva akaipa chinzvimbo kupfuura vanhu. The Maonero inobvawo pane makore murwere kana pezvatinotaura avhareji kurarama makumi masere nemakore, nhamba 35-40%. Painting haisi kufara, kukurukura avhareji kukosha zvakanaka zvaitika mu kenza nezvezvimwe zvinetso zvedundira nhengo yakanga 77%.

Survival chokuita nokuvapo uye nzvimbo yacho metastasis. Pakadaro, kana kenza akaita metastasized pedyo node hurongwa chikamu dundira, mutengo anenge 30%, pamwe foci zvokurwara mune nhengo kure Kupona zvinoderedza kusvika 10-12%.

Best zvabuda kazhinji asingakwanisi vabudirire kuonekwa kenza chichiri kutanga, pakarepo mavambo kurapwa uye nzwisisika kusvika mushonga. Pasinei pfupi yakaderera Kupona rates, chirwere anogona uye anofanira vakarwa. Izvi zvichawedzera kwazvo kureba uye kunaka kwoupenyu murwere.

dziviriro chirwere

Pokutanga nzvimbo muzvidzivirire - kubviswa zvinokonzera kukonzera chirwere. Kana zvisingafadzi. nhodzera kurwisana hazvibviri, kuvandudza nzira yavo youpenyu iwayo zvechokwadi. Basic matanho dzinosanganisira:

• kutsunga Zvinotambudza yefodya uye doro muropa;
• kurerutsa (kana kunyange nani - wakakwana kubviswa) kuonana ngozi;
• kupa muviri wayo runodiwa uwandu mavhitamini uye zvicherwa, kudya kururamiswa;
• kusingasaruri kubviswa mishonga;
• kunwa mvura yakawanda yakachena (kanenge 2 litres pazuva).

Kana hosha iri "kenza dundira" nevanhu kunowedzera Kupona zvinokosha, kana bundu iri chirwere mukutanga nezvishoma.