Basic Linux mirayiro

Kana tichishanda chete Linux uchishandisa gadziriro yakawanda zvikwata zvakasiyana vakashandisa, kubvira inokosha, uye anopera isingawanzowanikwi uye anozivikanwa zvishoma. Chekutanga beginners zvose tinofanira kudzidza Linux rinorayira nayo zvinokwanisika kuwana ruzivo pamusoro zvimwe zvikwata. Zvechokwadi munhu Unix vakanakidzwa murume murayiro. By achitaipa ari murayiro mutsetse, murume, uye ipapo zvinodiwa chikwata, unogona kuwana pamadziro paIndaneti rubatsiro peji. unofanira achizviendesa «Q» kuti anongoerekana rubatsiro. Also zvaisanganisira ndiyo imwe Manyorerwo rubatsiro kudanwa - timu info. Kusiyana naye kuti zviri mapeji zvokudya kune chidzitiro ari muchimiro yoga zvikamu uye subsections, makatumidzwa nodes uye Sub-nemagungano.

For nyore uye nokutsanya basa munyika zvinokosha kuziva inokosha Linux rinorayira kudzora mafaira. Unogona kuratidza Nyora pamwe Ls faira hunhu uye dhairetori. Kushandisa murayiro uyu pasina chero parameters, muchaona mafaira uye Directories zviri kuitika dhairetori. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti default Ls anovanza zvimwe mafaira mazita kutanga dot. CP raira kutevedzera mafaira. First unofanira kutaridzwa kunobva faira, ipapo nzira apo uchida kutevedzera izvozvo. Mv murayiro rinoshandiswa kana rename mafaira acho, kana kuti kuvaita kuti imwe dhairetori. RM rinoshandiswa zvinomuomera kuikanganwa faira, kana kiyi kushandiswa -r, unogona recursively Kudzima yose dhairetori.

Zvakakosha zvakakwana Linux nokuda kushanda Directories. Kuti kushandura kuitika Directory, unofanira kushandisa murayiro wakafanana CD. Kana uchida kuziva izvo Directory pari inodzidzisa vanofanira kutaipa mashoko pwd murayiro, uye Mhedziso nzira Directory wenyu kuratidzwa. Linux anoraira mkdir uye rmdir azvaitwa wedzera uye bvisa Directories. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti rmdir murayiro anogona chete zvinomuomera kuikanganwa chiro Directories, nokuti zvachose zviri rose ane Directory uye kushandisa murayiro RM.

In Linux, iwe zvechokwadi vanofanira kuona marudzi akasiyana mafaira: wenyaya, mumanyoro, binary data, uye zvakawanda. naizvozvo zvakafanira kuti funga Linux unoraira kuona mafaira. The nyore Chirongwa inogona kunzi katsi, ane basa - kutevedzera mafaira kuti goho rukova. Kana faira nhamba, chikwata achabatanidza pavo. To peji kuburikidza norugwaro dzinowanzotaura shoma murayiro. The muswe murayiro anoratidza okupedzisira 10 akarongwa faira. Similar kwaari chikwata musoro, vachishandisa izvo zvinoita kuverenga rokutanga 10 akarongwa faira.

Ari oga boka risati rava ungano Linux anorayira kusika uye Editing mafaira. murayiro kubatwa iri yemanyorero akashandisa kusika isina faira. Yokugadziridza chinyorwa mafaira chinonyanya nyore tichibatsirwa ane mupepeti kuti pane nhamba yakakura. Chinonyanya mukurumbira vari Nano, vi, vim, gedit, Kate.

Kunewo rinorayira kuti tibatsirwe kudzidza pamusoro Zvivako faira. Somuenzaniso, murayiro WC rinoshandiswa nhamba bytes nomunhu mashoko uye mitsara iri faira. Kuti awane dhisiki sei nzvimbo inogarwa mafaira uye folders, unofanira kushandisa murayiro du. Basa rinokosha Linux achitamba neropafadzo. Nokuti ikoko ndiko kuchinja chmod murayiro. Uyezve, kodzero akanyorwa panguva imwechete kuti mhando nhatu users: muridzi faira, boka, zvinosanganisira muridzi, uye mamwe vanoshandisa zvose. The murayiro nharo iyo kutaura Permissions anogona kunyorwa muna rimwe zvinogona zviviri: kusanganiswa kana kwokufananidzira. Tsvaga faira achawana murayiro.

Yaibatsira nokuti beginners ndivo compression uye kavha chikwata. Chinonyanya dzakakurumbira ndiwo murayiro tara, iyo vatendeuki vakawanda mafaira vari Archive pasina compression. Yakadaro Archive inonzi tarball. Kuumba compressed arşive kuti tara murayiro, iwe unofanira kuwedzera makiyi shoma.