Biological Sciences

Sangano rezvinyorwa zvesayenzi, tichifunga kuti kuongorora nzira dzakasiyana-siyana dzehupenyu hwevanhu, chimiro chavo, kukurudzirwa, kushanda, chimiro chakakwana. Rimwe nerimwe rematavi aro rinotsvaga zvinangwa, rinotsvaga nyaya dzakasiyana-siyana. Pamwe neizvi, sciences yezvinyorwa zvakabatana zvikuru.

Nzira dzakawanda dzehutano hunokonzerwa kwete nekusasiyana-siyana kwezvipenyu nemafomu ehupenyu, asiwo kune dzakasiyana-siyana nzira dzekudzidza kwavo.

Kunyange munguva yekare, zvidzidzo zvesayenzi zvakagadzirwa: zvipenyu, mabhodani, anatomy uye hupenyu hwevanhu. Zvadaro, zvikamu zvakakura zvakadai sa hydrobiology (kudzidza vanogara mumvura) uye microbiology (kutsvakurudza michina), yakasarudzwa maererano nezvinhu zvekutsvakurudza, yakaumbwa.

Kubva pamatavi makuru kubva kune zvidzidzo zvakanyatsoshandiswa mune zvebhaibheri. Saka, semuenzaniso, nyanzvi (yekudzidza mhuka) inosanganisira ivhu, inodzidza zvikara, protozoology - protozoa, malacology - mollusks, acarology - mites, entomology - zvipembenene, ichthyology - hove-yakafanana. Chimiro chebhodani chine sciences yakadai seyendaneti (pamusoro pemiti, mabhasi), bryology (pamusoro pemasses), lichenology (pamusoro pekuchens), mycology (nezvehowa) nevamwe.

Pane kuwedzera kwakadzika kwechirango. Nokudaro, kugoverwa kwezvisikwa muzvikamu uye kusiyana kwavo kunoongororwa nehutano hwemasayenzi ehupenyu. Kuranga, kuongorora nyika yehupenyu hwemazuva ano, kunonzi neontology. Sayenzi yemhando dzehupenyu dzakagara dzatovapo dzinonzi paleontology.

Imwe nzira inotarisana nehutano hwekuraira inosanganisira kuparadzana maererano nekuratidzwa uye zvinhu zvehupenyu. Nokudaro, zvakasiyana-siyana mabasa ezvisikwa zvinodzidzwa nehutano, mibvunzo pamusoro pehupenyu - genetics, mararamiro emafambiro emhuka - ethology. Zviratidzo zvekubudirira kweumwe munhu zvinotsvakurudzwa ne embryology, mupfungwa yakazara - kukura biology. Panguva imwecheteyo, chirango chimwe nechimwe chinoparadzaniswa kuva vamwe vari voga. Semuenzaniso, morphology yekudzidza mafomu inoratidzirwa kuenzanisi, inoshanda uye mamwe mapazi. Panguva imwe chete, kune kuwirirana kwepakati, uye kukanganiswa kwezvidzidzo zvakasiyana-siyana zvehupenyu, nekuumbwa kwekubatana kwakaoma. Saka, somuenzaniso, pane matavi akadaro se histophysiology, cytogenetics nevamwe.

Chimiro chemasangano uye nhengo maitiro macroscopically anoongorora anatomy, chimiro chinyorwa chemashutu - histology, chimiro chesero nucleus - karyology, masero se-whole-cytology. Panguva imwecheteyo, karyology, cytology uye histology, kunze kwekudzidza chimiro chezvimwe zvivako, vanobatanidzwa mukudzidza kwezvinyorwa zvehupenyu uye mabasa.

Muzvinyorwa zvehupenyu, pane dzidzo dzinobatanidza nekushandiswa kwemhando dzakasiyana dzekudzidza. Saka, somuenzaniso, pane biochemistry inotsvaga nzira dzebasa rinokosha nemakemikari zvinoreva, Biophysics, iyo inogadza mitemo chaiyo. Zvinofanira kuonekwa kuti idzi dzidziso mbiri dzinowanzobatanidzwa pamwe chete, dzinoshandiswa mukuoma kunzwisisa chimwe chinhu chinoshamisa.

Nzvimbo yakasiyana inobatwa nechirango chakadai sa biometric. Icho chinovakirwa pamarongerwo emasvomhu ekugadzirisa dhiyabhorosi data. Nekushandiswa kwebazi iri, rinova rakakosha kurondedzera nzira imwe chete uye zviitiko, kuronga zvirongwa, kuisa huwandu hwakawanda hwehupenyu hwemagariro.

Izvo zvinofanira kuonekwa kuti zvidzidzo zvose zvedzidzo uye zvinoshanda zvakakosha zvakafanana muhupenyu. Iyo yekare inobvumira munhu kugadzirisa nzvimbo dzakawanda dzebasa rinobatsira, somuenzaniso, teknolojia yezvinyorwa kana huwandu hwemabhizimisi ezvinyorwa. Pamwe neizvi, matavi ezvinyorwa zvinoshanda anoita kuti dzidziso yacho iwane ruzivo rutsva.