Chastotnik injini nemaoko enyu, zano, mirayiridzo uye kubatana

Nyaya iyi ichakurukurwa nokuda chastotnik injini, ayo vanoshanda musimboti uye chikuru zvinoriumba. Chinangwa richava pamusoro dzidziso kuti unonzwisisa nheyo kakawanda convert , uye vaigona mune ramangwana aite afunge uye mukugadzira maoko avo. Asi anofanira kutanga duku Nhanganyaya kosi umo uchadzidza kuti ndezvipi chastotnik uye kuti chii chinangwa zvichidikanwa.

Mashandiro anoita kakawanda convert

The weshumba mugove anotorwa maindasitiri asynchronous Motors. Ivo vagara zvakaoma kushandisa, sezvo vane kugara rotor nokukurumidza, uye zvakaoma chaizvo kushandura mazano voltage, uye dzimwe nguva kunyange hazviiti. Asi chastotnik chose anochinja mufananidzo. Uye kana vamba kushandura kumhanya kwebasa conveyor Somuenzaniso, akashandisa nzira dzakasiyana-siyana rachulis, zvino kushandisa chete wemagetsi iri zvakakwana.

Uyezve, chastotniki zvinogoneka kuwana kwete chete kugona kuchinja nemotokari parameters, asiwo vashoma dzimwe madhigirii chinodzivirira. Achabvisa kudiwa remagetsi Mutange, uye dzimwe nguva kunyange vanofanira kuva-danho matatu pomumbure kuitira kunowanzoitika nokushanda induction injini. Vose mabasa aya chokuita nokuchinja uye nokuchinja actuator, enda inverter. Kunoitawo kuchinja Pasika panguva goho, munhu kuitika kakawanda (saka rotor nokukurumidza kuchinja), kuita kuchinja kubva kutanga uye braking, uye anogona kushandisa boka zvimwe mabasa. All kunobva microcontroller basa iri kudzorwa redunhu.

musimboti oparesheni

Ita chastotnik injini nemaoko enyu, ane zano iri kuratidzwa munyaya, riri nyore. Kunoitawo kuti kuchinja rimwe danho matatu. Saka, zvinokwanisika here kushandisa muupenyu induction injini. Pasina kurasikirwa kwayo kunyatsoshanda uye simba. Pashure pezvose, munoziva kuti pane kuderera kwemitambo parameters izvi zvinenge kaviri kana injini yacho anobatidzwa mune chimwe chinhanho Network. Uye chinhu akawanda transformations kusvika panguva voltage mazano ari mudziyo.

Chokutanga zano iri rectifier chimwe. More nezvazvo ichakurukurwa zvakadzama pazasi. Mushure kunogadzirisika voltage iri yakasvinwa zvakanaka. Uye anopinda yakachena DC simba kuti inverter chiyamuro. It anomuchinja DC kuna AC pamwe neuwandu maitikiro. Uyu anogona pasi kupindana kugadziriswa. It rine semiconductor, iyo zvakabatana kudzorwa redunhu pamusoro microcontroller. Asi ikozvino Nzvimbo zvose izvi zvizere.

rectifier chikwata

Rinogona mhando mbiri - kuroorwa uye zvitatu danho. The mhando convert rokutanga zvinogona kushandiswa pane chero samambure. Kana uine-danho matatu, zvakakwana kubereka akwirwe mumwe. chastotnika redunhu injini hakusi pasina kugadzirisa chikwata. Sezvo pane musiyano kwenhamba maitikiro, unofanira kushandisa imwe nhamba semiconductor diodes. Kana totaura kakawanda converters, izvo zvokudya kubva chete danho, kunoda rectifier diodes mana. Ivo vanobatanidzwa bhiriji redunhu.

Kunoitawo kuti kuderedza musiyano pakati voltage chamunowana mazano uye goho. Chokwadi, zvinoita kuti kushandisa hafu-wave redunhu, asi zviri basa, pane vakawanda oscillations. Asi kana tiri kutaura pamusoro-danho matatu maererano, zvakakodzera kushandisa zano semiconductors matanhatu. Chaizvoizvo mumuitiro mune motokari alternator rectifier, hakuna kusiyana. Chinhu bedzi inogona kuwedzerwa pano, saka ndicho zvitatu imwe diode kudzivirira neizvi voltage.

firita zvinhu

Mushure rectifier ndiyo firita. Chinangwa chacho chikuru - zvose chekawo-kure chikamu kunogadzirisika ano shanduka. Nokuti mufananidzo zvakawanda zvakajeka kudiwa kuti kuzvitsinhanisa muenzaniso. Saka, ndinoiitawo inopfuura nomunyika coils. Zvino pakati ndinoiitawo uye kubvisa zvaisanganisira electrolytic capacitor. Pano ndicho kufarira yokutsiva zano. Kana coils kuchatsiviwa reactance, kuti capacitor pamberi akasiyana anoshandiswa kunogona kunge nemunhu kana atsamwira.

Pandakaramba ambotaurwa, muna rectifier pamusoro DC goho. Zvino kushandisa nayo kuna electrolytic capacitor, hapana chinoitika, sezvo yokupedzisira ari cheni atsamwira. Asi pano pane shanduka duku iri mudare. Kana rakatumbuka kuitika runoyerera, mune nerechiHebheru wedunhu iri capacitor inova kondakita. Somugumisiro, pane redunhu ndinoiitawo kuti kubvisa. Zvakawanikwa izvi chinoitwa mitemo Kirchhoff kuti vari inokosha magetsi mapurani.

The inverter simba transistors

Zvino kusvika rinokosha raiva pedyo nebundu - Danho transistors. inverter dc AC - Vakaitawo inverter. Kana injini yakaitwa chastotnik nemaoko, Zvinokurudzirwa kushandisa ungano IGBT-transistors, unogona kuvawana chero chitoro redhiyo zvinoriumba. Uye mari yose zvakamisa hurongwa nokuda kwezvifananidzo zvaAtemisi chastotnika kwaizova kagumi isingasviki mutengo rakapedzwa chigadzirwa, kunyange China.

Nokuti mumwe danho anoshandisa transistors maviri. Vari zvakabatanidzwa pakati ndinoiitawo uye kubvisa, sezvinoratidzwa dhayagiramu munyaya. Asi pane chiri nechimwe transistor - kudzorwa inouraya. Zvichienderana iro chiratidzo rinoshandisirwa payo, zvivako zviri semiconductor eremendi shanduko. Uyezve, zvinoita kuti pave sezvo vachishandisa Chinyorwa kusuduruka (semuenzaniso, microswitches akawanda zvakakodzera kushandisa voltage kuzvidzora zviteshi) uye zvokuzvisarudzira. Ndizvo hwemazuva uye huchakurukurwa.

The kuzvidzora redunhu

Uye kana iwe kubatanidza inverter injini iri nyore, chete vanofanira kubatanidza zvakakodzera ndezvipi, zvose zviri zvikuru anonetsa kudzora zano. The ndechokuti pane kudikanwa zvirongwa mudziyo, kuita zvakanakisisa zvinobvira kuchinja naye. Musimboti uri microcontroller nawo vari unobatanidza vaverengi uye actuators. Saka, unofanira kuva munhu transformer kuitika, izvo kuramba kuongorora simba ufungisise yemagetsi tikachirega. Kana yebongozozo ikaitika chastotnika kure.

Unobva kuzvidzora redunhu

Uyezve, rinopa kudzivirira overheating. Pamusoro goho riri microcontroller uchishandisa enzanirana mudziyo (ungano Darlington) vari unobva nokudzora chirwere IGBT-transistors. Uyezve, iwe unofanira nemaziso kuongorora pazviruva, saka unofanira kuronga Zano akatungamirira-kuratidza. Nokuverenga mano kuwedzera mabhatani kuti kubvumira chinja pakati mapurogiramu muoti uye shanduka nemishonga dzinosiyana ayo Kutenderera mwero rotor pakati injini.

mhedziso

Zvinokosha kucherechedza kuti unogona kuita pachako uye chastotnik nokuda electric motor, mutengo rapera chigadzirwa rinotanga kubva 5000 rubles. Uye nokuda yemagetsi Motors, izvo simba hakuiti kupfuudza 0.75 KW. Kana uchida kushandisa kudzora simba nemotokari, inoda chastotnik zvinodhura. Nokuti mhuri kushandisa zvirongwa zvakakwana inokurukurwa pazasi. The chikonzero - pasina kudikanwa vazhinji mashandiro uye anoiswa, chinonyanya kukosha - ndiwo mukana kuchinja rotor nokukurumidza.