The resistivity pfuma sezvo simbi

Electrically conductive simbi inonzi mukana kupfuura pachayo mhosva ano. Uyewo, kuti kurwisa anonzi mumwe zvechadenga zvinhu. The makuru yemagetsi nemishonga pane imwe voltage, ikava duku simba ano. Rinoreva kuita simba rinotungamirirwa pamwe muitisi ane inofamba kuti mhosva maerekitironi. Sezvo magetsi kutapukirwa pfuma - ndiye itirana kurwisa, vakaratidza sezvo risiri Masvomhu ichava nhamba 1 / R.

Resistivity nguva dzose zvinobva kunaka zvinhu izvo rinoshandiswa kugadzirwa namano. Zvinonzi akayera, kutangira kubva parameters kondakita kuva kureba 1 meter, uyewo muchinjikwa chikamu kunharaunda 1 mativi millimeter. Somuenzaniso, chaiyo kurwisa pfuma kuti mhangura anogara kuenzana 0,0175 Ohm kuti aruminiyamu - 0,029 simbi - 0,135, constantan - 0.48, nichrome - 1-1.1. Resistivity akava akaenzana nhamba 2 * 10-7 Ohm • M

Kukunda kuitika ndiyo Proportional kuti kureba nemunhu kuburikidza icho chinoita zvakananga. The kukuru nokureba mudziyo, dzakanga dziri kurwisa. Internalize ukama uyu achava nyore kana kufungidzira vaviri zvekufungidzira peya interconnected midziyo. Imwe peya mano unobatanidza chubhu Itai anoramba dzakaonda, uye mumwe - pakukora. Kana akazara mvura maviri maviri mvura ndima achiudza midziyo pamusoro makobvu chubhu akawana zvikuru nokukurumidza, nokuti achava shoma kurwisa kuti mvura kubva inoyerera. Nokuti Fananidzo iyi remagetsi, zviri nyore kuti upfuure gobvu kondakita pane akanaka.

Resistivity sezvo SI Unit, kunoonekwa Ohm • m. Conductivity kunobva Zvichakadaro wakasununguka kutiza mhosva nezvimedu, iyo inozivikanwa nokuda nemamiriro acho. Nesimbi pasina nouipi, umo zvikuru zvakarurama sekristaro yekamuri, ndivo yepasisa netsika kurwisa. Ukuwo, netsvina vasataura yekamuri pane kuwedzera waivako kwayo. The resistivity nesimbi iri nenzira yakamanikana zvakawanda netsika panguva dzekudya tembiricha: nesirivha uye 0,016 kusvika 10 Mo • M (chiwanikwa yedare chromium uye aruminiyamu).

On zvaidiwa inofamba pakati mhosva maerekitironi ari kondakita kunokanganisa tembiricha nokuti anowedzera apo anowedzera amplitude chechinopiwa chinozunguzirwa oscillations raivapo ions uye maatomu. Somugumisiro, mashoko maerekitironi anoramba vasaita nzvimbo kwenguva dzose aibuda mune sekristaro napamahwindo. Izvi zvinoreva kuti chipingamupinyi zvakarongeka kufamba inowedzerawo. The resistivity upi conductors senguva inowedzerawo linearly muwanze tembiricha. For semiconductors nekusiyana, dzinoratidzwa kudzikira pamwe nokuwedzera madhigirii, kubva nekuda ichi mhosva zhinji akasunungurwa, nokusika munhu zvemagetsi iyezvino zvakananga.

The kutonhora kwacho vamwe anozivikanwa simbi conductors kuti aida tembiricha resistivity vazviise hopping ehurumende uye chinozova razero. Fani akadaro yakawanikwa 1911 uye akanzi superconductivity.