Chii chinonzi akakura unyanzvi

Muzvikoro yanhasi, vokusekondari vanodzidziswa nyaya inokosha chaizvo uye zvakakodzera, yaiti "World Art Culture". MCC kosi anodzidzisa vadzidzi pamusoro ounyanzvi ose mapurani uye iwe wakanaka kubva kare kusvika nhasi. Chirongwa rinewo chikamu sezvo akakura art. Naye tiri ikozvino kunyatsoongorora.

Chii chinonzi akakura unyanzvi?

Chikamu ichi chinokosha ounyanzvi yakaisvonaka, sezvamakaropafadzwa mapurasitiki kana kupindirana kwemuvanzrira wezvirevo nemabviro mapurani basa mutoro, uyewo kukosha uye kukosha Conceptual kugutsikana. Shoko "akakura" rinobva muchiLatin moneo, zvichireva "kuyeuchidza". Hazvishamisi, nokuti kwakadai uri - mumwe mukuru panyika.

Nhoroondo akakura unyanzvi

Midzi kwakadai mapurani uye kupenda anodzokera chinyakare vanhu. vanhu vekare vakanga vachangobva vakadzidza sei kunochera, clumsily rakaitirwa minwe yoruoko marasha, asi mabasa avo akakura kupenda pamusoro bako pamadziro atova zvinoshamisa. Chokwadi, vakanga kupendwa clumsily, zvakawanda mavara akanga asipo, asi chipo pfungwa. Anofanira kuuya zvekare vanhu pamusoro zvakasikwa, upenyu hwako pachako, unyanzvi siyana. Naizvozvo mubako mokupera yakashongedzwa dzakasiyana mifananidzo paupenyu chinyakare murume: migodhi nemapoka, yakanaka kwazvo mukadzi mubako, kupira vachitamba kumativi pamoto, uye vazhinji, vamwe vakawanda.

Chinyakare muvanhu akapa nzira kuti nyika yekare, uye pane akakura basa uyewo akawana nzvimbo yaro. MuIjipiti, iwe iri tichidiwa chaizvo uye anoremekedzwa. Izvi ndizvo zvatinotaura hwakawanda huripo sphinx uye mapiramidhi yeEgipita. Muna Renaissance paiva maruva kuti akakura mapurani. It akaberekwa ounyanzvi dzakadai chifananidzo yaDhavhidhi, kuti kupenda "The Creation Adhamu", uyewo kupenda chokuvhenekesa of Sistine Chapel. Mabasa ose aya shasha nguva yake - Michelangelo Buonarroti.

Mukupera kwezana remakore rechi19 uye pakutanga rechi20 uri remakore ari nzira itsva. The inonyanya kufarirwa werudzii ipapo "ano" uye kufunga zvinhu uye ichi, chiri chikonzero chinonyanya akakura mabasa rwaiitwa mune mirayiridzo iyi. Izvi zvikurukuru zvakakanganisa mufananidzo uye zvinoratidzwa mabasa vemifananidzo akadai M. Vrubel, Maurice Denis nevamwe. Asi haisati kukanganwika uye mapurani, panguva ino basa akadai vavezi vemabwe A. Bourdelle uye A. Maillol. Maoko avo akanga asika akawanda mabasa ari Genre pakati akakura chivezwa, izvo watinoyemura uye kuyemura nanhasi.

Mukuru kukura uye kubvuma ounyanzvi mhando iyi yakanga iri USSR. Nyika vokuSoviet vakadzingirira Napoleonic urongwa, uye hunoshamisa Zvivako uye zvayo uyewo zvichibvira kuratidza pfungwa dzaro. Chaizvo, yakakwirira Pokuda skyward yakanyungudutswa anoratidza ushingi uye kushinga vashandi panguva iyoyo.

Mienzaniso iyi mhando ounyanzvi

Izvi zvinosanganisira zvose mapurani uye uprofita hwezvaizoitika mabasa. Akakura iwe zvinosanganisira mosaics, murals, zvivako uye busts kuti zvivezwa siyana uye decoration nziyo, Stained girazi ... uye kunyange namatsime. Zvino unogona kuona sei izvi zvinosanganisira mabasa ounyanzvi. Hazvishamisi kuti munyika rokusika zviuru mamiziyamu, uko kuyemurwa akafumura noukomba, busts uye zvenzombe zvakasiyana eras uye nezvizvarwa.

A-siyana mabasa

Heano mhando mbiri zvakasikwa kunosanganisira chivezwa uye nounyanzvi. Kazhinji akakura uye decoration kupenda ndiyo zvakasiyana siyana ukomba, rusvingo mifananidzo, reliefs, uye vamwe. Ivo kushanda chishongo kwezvakatipoteredza uye nguva dzose chikamu chipi Ensemble, sezvo ayo rinokosha. The akakura kupenda kusiyanisa zvakasiyana siyana unyanzvi: ari tuore, akasvibiswa girazi, waMosesi, etc. Zvinokosha kucherechedza kuti akakura kupenda iri pamusoro zvikuru vakasikirwa magadzirirwe mapurani kana usingazungunuke hwaro wake.

Nguva Soviet Union uye kuti zvinhu uye mhando

Akakura iwe aikosheswa muna USSR. Zvinoita kuti kukura romubati kuravira, marererwo, nokuti yokumusha kwake mutsika uye nyika manzwiro. It Anopfumisa mupfungwa, achimupa ari pamberi chisingakanganwiki nendangariro kuti acharamba nokusingaperi kuramba mumwoyo mangu uye mwoyo vose vana nevakuru. Soviet akakura iwe yokusafa Humanism uye unyanzvi sangano. Mabasa unyanzvi uye mapurani, akaita nenzira yakakodzera werudzii, anogona kuwanikwa pose pose; pedyo zvikoro uye kindergartens, mafekitari nemapaki. Takakwanisa kuvaka zvivako, kunyange kupfuura kujairika akakwirira.

mhando iyi okugadzira zvinhu kwakapararira pashure October Revolution, apo vakavaka mutsva nyika ine itsva mitemo, zvirevo uye gutsaruzhinji. Panguva iyoyo akakura iwe mabasa vakagamuchira yakakosha nevanhu. Painters All, vavezi vemabwe, ezvivako, akafukidza zvairatidza kuti pave Nyanzvi kuti akakura unyanzvi, kuratidza kuti nguva yachinja, akapinda upenyu hutsva, itsva nzira kumba, zvinhu zvitsva zvesayenzi uye itsva uri fomu.

basa usingafi

Chimwe chezvinhu asingakanganwiki mabasa nguva idzodzo aiva mukuru wokuratidza chivezwa ne Vera Mukhina "Mushandi uye Collective Farm Girl", rinosanganisa basa rakaoma uye heroism yeSoviet vanhu. History of Shongwe anonakidza uye anodzidzisa. Muna 1936, takapedza kuvakwa paMuzinda vokuSoviet, kumusoro waiva shongwe "The Worker uye Collective Farm Woman". Kusika sculptural zvivako wasarudza chakanakisisa vemifananidzo, pakati pavo pakanga uye Vera Mukhina. ivo vakapiwa mwedzi miviri kubasa uye akati kuti chifananidzo vanofanira embody maviri nenhamba - Worker uye Collective Farm. Pfungwa yakafanana mana muvezi akaita zvakasiyana. Mumwe mufananidzo akamira akadzikama akanyorova, mumwe musi yaizvozvi kwazvo vakamhanya sokunge kuedza zvokubata munhu. Muhina Vera Ignatevna chete akabatwa basa rake nguva, atanga asi haana kupedza kufamba. Ndizvo basa rake, uye akabvumirwa ne Commission. Zvino Monument "Worker uye Collective Farm Girl" ari rakadzorerwa.

Akakura kupenda: mienzaniso

Sezvataurwa pamusoro apa, kwakadai mifananidzo ine midzi kare. Kunyange zvino isu kusika naka vanodhirowa pamusoro bako pamadziro, unoratidza kuvhima muitiro, tsika dzekare uye nevamwe.

Akakura uye decoration kupenda rakakamurwa marudzi akawanda:

• Fresco. mufananidzo uyu zvinoumbwa pamusoro mbishi varinamire mhando inoverengeka inks izvo zvinobviswa ruvara iri upfu fomu. Kana kupwa munhu pendi firimu aumbwa, iyo inodzivirira basa kubva kwokunze Impact.
• WaMosesi. Figure akaisa pamusoro pemvura nematomhu diki regirazi kana mabwe chitsvuku.
• Tempera. Nziyo iyi mhando pendi wakaita kubva ruvara muriwo mavambo rakasanganiswa mu zai kana ruomba. Sezvo tuore rinoshandisirwa nemadhaka purasita.
• Stained girazi. Akafanana waMosesi sezvo vakaisa kubva zvidimbu mavara negirazi. Musiyano ndechokuti zvidimbu vari interconnected yakatesvera panyanga dzacho, uye akapedza chigadzirwa anoiswa pahwindo yokutanga.

Mabasa dzakakurumbira akakura kupenda - tuore Feofana Greka, semuenzaniso mativi kuvake "Virgin Don 'mhiri izvo zvinoratidza" kubvuma ". Mabasa ounyanzvi zvinosanganisira "Sistine Madonna" by Raphael, "The Chirariro" by Leonardo da Vinci nezvimwe zvigadzirwa.

Akakura akitekicha: ari ounyanzvi ounyanzvi nyika

Vavezi vemabwe chakanaka nguva dzose aikoshesa ayo uremu goridhe. Naizvozvo, nyika uye zvakapfumisa zvigadzirwa akadai Arc de Triomphe, riri muMoscow, shongwe Peter 1, "The Bronze webhiza" chidhori David, Michelangelo akaita uye riri panguva Louvre, yakaisvonaka chidhori Venus, izvo akagura maoko ake, uye vamwe vakawanda. kwemarudzi aya akakura uye decoration uri ruchiri kukangaidza uye zvinokwezva mamiriyoni maonero, vanoda kunakidzwa zvakare uye zvakare.

Kune mhando dzakawanda kwakadai mapurani:

• Monument. Kazhinji, chivezwa ichi mumwe kana kupfuura vanhu vakamira mira kurashikirwa trimester wokutanga kana chinzvimbo. Made amabwe, girenayiti, namatema.
• Monument. It kupemberera ibwe chiitiko nhoroondo dzakadai Great Patriotic War, uye unhu zvikuru.
• Dombo. Izvi mhando mapurani iri rakanyorwa amabwe, girenayiti kana machena, akamira vakarurama uye vane chero lettering kana richiswedera.
• Obelisk. Izvi mbiru, zvinosanganisira vana yokurodza kukwira micheto.

mhedziso

Akakura uri - chinhu yakaoma uye zvakawanda. vanhu vose vane manzwiro zvakasiyana rinovayeuchidza, mumwe - kuzvikudza vatenzi, kuti maoko evanhu vakakwanisa kubudisa rounyanzvi. Mumwe anonzwa zvakamushamisa: sei basa akadai yaigona kuitwa aingovawo munhu nokuti zvikuru yakanaka akadzama? Dzimwe nguva Fafitera kungoti kumira nokuda Chero uye zvivako ounyanzvi uye mapurani, yekare neyazvino. Asi midziyo akakura iwe haazoregi munhu hanya munhu. Izvi zvinodaro nokuti vose vatenzi, kuita chinhu mumagadzirirwo ichi, pane mukuru, hunoshamisa, tarenda chairo, mwoyo murefu uye rusingaperi mabasa ake.