Ivan Yakovlevich Bilibin: Biography, mifananidzo uye mifananidzo womufananidzo

Ivan Yakovlevich Bilibin aishanda kwezana remakore, akava nomukurumbira somunhu rokupenda, illustrator, tenzi guru chinoshamisa chepanzvimbo nzvimbo dzokuona. Akasika yake werudzii iri purogiramu, ndiro kwazvo kwazvo vateereri uye akawana vatevedzeri zhinji. Njodzi tenzi ichi chinoshamisa ake nemasango yatakawana mune nguva dzose kuramba pfungwa ano yakabudirira murume.

kutanga enzira

Ivan Yakovlevich Bilibin akaberekwa 4 (16) mu August 1876 mumusha Tarkhovka kuti pedyo St. Petersburg. Madzitateguru the artist - anozivikanwa Kaluga vatengesi, anozivikanwa nokuda patronage uye yainakidza kufarira njodzi yamadzibaba. baba The wakadhirowewa, Yakov Ivanovich Bilibin akanga zvechiuto uye muchikepe chiremba, ipapo musoro muchipatara uye zvokurapa inisipekita of Imperial Fleet, vaiitawo hondo yeRussia-wokuTurkey. Baba vaida mwanakomana wake kuti ave gweta, uye jaya Ivan Bilibin, chikoro pamwe yesirivha menduru chesekondari, ndanyoresa pana St. Petersburg University mutemo fakaroti.

Akadzidza jaya mukutenda akanaka, vakapinda zvizere nzira hurukuro, akadzivirira chinyorwa chake. Asi pedyo ichi rinobatsira zvikuru uye zviri pamutemo sulivshey Pazvinhu ramangwana tarisiro nguva dzose akararama hope. Aiva mwana ane chido roswedera. Pamwe zvidzidzo ake paUniversity Bilibin akadzidza sayenzi kupenda uye kuswedera panguva School of Drawing OPH (Society nokuti Kukurudzira of Arts). Gumi pemwedzi, akatora makirasi ari unyanzvi chikoro woga rweAustro-Hungary painter Anton Ažbe muMunich. Zviri pano kuti adzidze nechipi dzakabatanidzwa inokosha kukosha uye kuva vadzidzi kukwanisa kuwana munhu hwokudhirowa maitiro. Kumba Bilibin akadzidza zvakaoma Studio kuti kupenda rinotungamirirwa them Repina.

kufarira musoro

Panguva yokudzidza Bilibina ari Higher Art School of Academy of Arts, apo jaya akapa Repin, paiva kwemasimba Viktor Vasnetsov, uyo akanyora zvakasiyana kudanana nenzira iri ngano Russian uye rengano. vaoni vakawanda pashoo vakanga vadamwa ramangwana nenyanzvi edu. Bilibin Ivan Yakovlevich aiva pakati pavo. basa Vasnetsov kwakaita mwoyo mudzidzi kuti mwoyo, akabvuma pashure kuti akaona pano ndizvo zvakakwana vaida uye pined nokuda mweya wake.

Mumakore 1899-1902 Russian rwendo kumorwa kuchengetedzeka hurumende yakabudisa mabhuku akatevedzana, akashongedzerwa nemifananidzo yakanaka kwazvo zvavo dzechembere. Paiva zvakajeka kuti rengano "Vasilisa Rakanaka", "White Dhadha", "Ivan Tsarevich uye Firebird" uye vamwe vakawanda. Munyori ari mifananidzo akanga akanyorwa Bilibin Ivan Yakovlevich.

Mifananidzo rengano

Kunzwisisa kwake National mweya uye nhetembo chinofema Russian ngano, vakashanduka kwete chete pasi pokudzora isina kujeka chido zvavo unyanzvi. The Artist aida kuziva uye kudzidza chezvinonhuwira vanhu vake, vake nhetembo uye upenyu hwomudzimu. Muna 1899, Ivan Yakovlevich Bilibin akafamba mumusha Egny kuti Tver mudunhu, muna 1902, akanga akadzidza tsika uye ethnography of Vologda dunhu, papera gore, yokudhirowa yakashanyira Olonets uye Arkhangelsk province. Kubva nzendo Bilibin akauya dzakaunganidzwa mabasa chevarwere vemifananidzo, matanda mapurani mifananidzo.

nemaonero ake zvakaguma journalistic mabasa uye tsvakurudzo mishumo chevarwere unyanzvi, mapurani uye nyika inoita. Kunyange zvakawanda zvibereko mugumisiro nzendo idzi vava yepakutanga mabasa Bilibin, iyo akawana chido nokuda tenzi purogiramu uye rinokosha chaizvo maitiro. In Bilibin akararama penya matarenda maviri - mutsvakurudzi uye yokudhirowa, uye vamwe chipo paine mumwe. Ivan Yakovlevich kunyatsoongorora aishanda akabudisa mashoko, kwete kubvumira pachavo kuti nhema chete nokuputsanya chero.

The specificity zvidavado

Chii zvakasiyana tsika yake nezvimwe Artists Bilibin Ivan Yakovlevich? Photo yake anoshamisa uye nomufaro mabasa zvinotibatsira kunzwisisa izvozvo. On kapepa tinoona zvakajeka kwakajeka hwakarongwa redunhu, amakavaitira chakazara akadzama uye whimsical Watercolour palette ijeke unofara kwazvo mavara. mifananidzo yake yose epics uye nengano zvinoshamisa mashoko, mupenyu, enhetembo, uye kwete pasina zvinosetsa.

Kufudza nhoroondo rakavimbika nomufananidzo, yakaratidzwa ari mukufambisira koshitomu details, mapurani, midziyo, tenzi akakwanisa kusika pave zvemashiripiti uye asinganzwisisiki runako. Izvi pedyo chaizvo nomudzimu okusika sangano "World of Art" Ivan Yakovlevich Bilibin, ane Biography iri pedyo neboka nenyanzvi chokuita. Vaiva zvose mukawanana kufarira tsika vekare, entailing kuti nemazango kare.

Maonero enyika mumifananidzo

Kubva 1907 kusvika 1911 Bilibin akasika dzakatevedzana mienzaniso risingaenzaniswi epics uye upenyu hwaAbhigairi mabasa enhetembo Aleksandra Sergeevicha Pushkina. Pano zvinofadza uye nemasango mifananidzo kuti "zvakaedza Yechinwiwa Cockerel" uye "The zvakaedza chevaux Saltan". Illustrations vava kwete chinamatidzwa, asi kuenderera izvi nemashoko nemabasa, izvo, pasina mubvunzo, verenga tenzi mweya Bilibin.

Prince Ivan uye Frog, izvo nyaya muchindakadzi, Bag mapfupa uye Yaga, Ilya Muromets uye Nightingale ari gororo, Elena Fair, Churila Plenkovich, Svyatogor - sei magamba mazhinji akanzwa mwoyo uye "akararamazve" riri kapepa Ivan Ya!

Folk iwe chaauya tenzi vamwe mazano: zvishongo uye bast nzira kugadzira zvinoyevedza nzvimbo kuti Bilibin akaunza mabasa avo pakukwana.

Activities kudhindwa

Ivan Bilibin akashanda se emhizha uye mumagazini yacho nguva. Akasika ounyanzvi Kudhinda pane kupa zvikuru nekukura indasitiri ino uye ayo sumo kupinda dzakakurumbira tsika. Edition kuti "Vanhu Kuverenga Room", "The Golden Fleece", "Art Upfumi Russia" uye vamwe havana kuita pasina kwezvokufuka uye anodzidzisa vignettes, Wallpapers, matehwe uye Bilibina mapepa.

World mukurumbira

mhizha Russian machati chakazivikanwa kwose. Vakanga kuratidzwa kuratidzira muPrague uye Paris, Venice uye Berlin, Vienna, kweBrussels uye Leipzig. Ivo ikazobudiswazve magazini vatorwa, uye dzimwe dzemitambo akarayira yokunyora nokudhirowa Bilibin nokuda stagecraft.

satirical vanodhirowa

Muna 1905 ndokusvika Russian chimurenga wokutanga. Sezvo vakawanda zvedzidzo, Ivan Yakovlevich Bilibin pamwe rakafuridzirwa vakatsigira vachasimudza makore zvakasimba. Munyaya satirical magazini "Bugbear" uye "Hero-mail" akazviratidza katuni Artist. Anoita hilarious yokunyora nokudhirowa, vachiseka machinda amambo, mune neingi yake yakakurumbira rungano Style kuswedera dimikira King Peas, vanozvikudza chirefu pamusoro vaaitonga makuru. Munguva echimurenga mifananidzo yokudhirowa akanga kunyange zvasungirwa munguva maawa makumi maviri nemana.

girl uye Watercolour tenzi

Bilibin mabasa sechinhu munyori yakatanga chinoshamisa chepanzvimbo girl pamwe chete Paris National Theater, iye akamupa Kuti yokunyora nokudhirowa kuti dhanzi kubudikidza Rimsky-Korsakov kuti "Snow Maiden". Paivawo anogadza kuti nezvinobvamo muSt Petersburg uye Moscow. Kubudirira dhanzi kubudikidza Rimsky-Korsakov kuti "The Golden Cockerel" muMoscow kwakakonzerwa iri diki chikamu zvikuru nakisisa girl, akasikwa noruoko tenzi wacho. Bilibin akaita yokunyora nokudhirowa kuti zvokupfeka kuti Mussorgsky kuti "Boris Godunov" uye Spanish zvokupfeka nokuda Drama of Calderon kuti "St. Patrick kuti Purigatori," uye vo mutambo wenyika Lope of Vega kuti "Makwai tsime". The Artist nounyanzvi dzakabudirira werudzii ane Diaghilev kutamba.

Makore gumi, kubva 1907, Bilibin akadzidzisa Graphics panguva Society kuti nekunyaradza Arts chikoro. Pashure rwendo kuEngland uye Ireland Ivan Y. "sick" nzvimbo yokugara. Iye nesimba akanyora gungwa Watercolour, denga uye hasha British yepamhenderekedzo. Rocky uye seascapes womufananidzo aishanda Crimea, izvo akafamba ose chirimo.

Revolutionary nenyonganyonga, kuenda kumwe

In February 1917 kumukira yakaitika Russia. Ivan Yakovlevich akamutora. Iye kunyange akasika mifananidzo gadzira pamwe gondo kaviri misoro, iyo korona nguvo maoko dikidiki Government, uye pave paya rakashandiswa nokuda dzava kugadzira mari yesimbi.

The October Revolution haana kukonzera nechido Artist. Muna 1920 akaenda kunze kubva pachiteshi Novorossiysk uye dzakaguma muIjipiti. Pano Bilibin akatongerwa kugara kwemakore mana.

Mabasa iyi - yokunyora nokudhirowa kubva husinganzwisisiki uye kusingaperi mapiramidhi, yokunyora nokudhirowa yokunyora nokudhirowa Portraits vagere Cairo.

Mumatsutso 1925 Ivan Yakovlevich akaenda Paris uye vakatanga kushanda vachishingaira mumabhuku, mifananidzo Russian, Western uye Eastern rungano. Panguva kuenda kumwe Bilibin akasika mazano zvikuru mifananidzo uye Pamifananidzo vechechi wokuRussia muna Olsany kumakuva muPrague.

Gumi pakati makore 1920-1930 Ivan Yakovlevich fruitfully uye zvinobudirira vaishanda magadzirirwe chinoshamisa chepanzvimbo nezvinobvamo akaita vanodhirowa kuti dhanzi mwaka panguva yemitambo Champs Elysees, akashanda ari entreprise «Russian dhanzi muParis," akasika kujairika mazano nokuda Stravinsky kuti kutamba "The Firebird."

dzokera

Upenyu nhapwa akanga akapfuma uye vakasununguka, asi yokudhirowa haasiyi kukura vachishuva Russia. Panguva yake chokuzvidira muutapwa, iye kumbotaurawo wokumwe citizenship uye akatora chizvarwa Soviet muna 1935. Panguva iyoyowo akasika munhu akakura paneeli "Mikula Selyaninovich" pakuvaka reSoviet Embassy guru French. Kwapera gore, yokudhirowa nemhuri yake vakadzokera kunyika yokumusha kwavo. Bilibin noushamwari nehurumende itsva uye akava purofesa yakajeka workshop of Institute of Painting, Sculpture, Architecture Academy of Arts muna Leningrad. Haana kusiya basa mumunda bhuku Graphics.

The yakakurumbira painter , vakafira kukombwa Leningrad muna 1942 kubva nenzara uye akavigwa vakawanda guva purofesa panguva Smolensk kumakuva.

Otchetliv uye yakajeka njanji kuti akasiya munhoroondo yenyika iwe chinoshamisa Russian Artist Ivan Yakovlevich Bilibin. Paintings, murals, Graphics nevamwe kutuswa ake okugadzira zvinhu ivhu zvinochengeterwa zvino pachena uye voga kuunganidza. Ivo munoshongedza dzimba "yeRussian Museum" muSt Petersburg, vari hwakaratidza muna Theater Museum. Bakhrushin muMoscow, Kiev Museum wokuRussia Art, muLondon kuti Victoria uye Albert Museum, muParis National Gallery muna Oxford Ashmolean Museum uye nevamwe vakawanda.