Chii Kureba mugaranhoko muvana uye vakuru? Sei mugaranhoko uye kuti inoshanda sei?

Knowledge nemamiriro, kushanda mugaranhoko kupa vanhu vakawanda mukana kunzwisisa sei chimiro muviri chirwere, uye kudzidza nzira kurapa zvirwere izvi.

Chii mugaranhoko

The mugaranhoko iri chezvinonhuwira pakati nemudumbu. GI anosanganisa muromo, pharynx, yegurokuro, dumbu, zviduku ura. Kukura zvakanaka anenge mashanu mamita. Iye muwisira ura guru, vokupedzisira unova Department of mugaranhoko. Ukuru nayo - hapana kupfuura mamita rimwe nehafu.

The mugaranhoko ndiyo chikamu wekupedzisira ura, iri dzakaderera chiuno dhipatimendi.

It vakagamuchira zita raro nokuti kuti ane zvishomanana munyonga.

Chokukomborerwa chokupika ari nemudumbu ndiye mugaranhoko. Size, kureba kwayo zvichachinja muupenyu hwomunhu.

In muitiro nokubvisa mugaranhoko kuti kubudiswa zvibereko yomuviri ndeimwe basa rinokosha rokuita. Uyewo chinokosha basa nayo achiita panguva kubvisa mvura mvura.

On sei mugaranhoko, izvozvo zvinoenderana mamiriro zvomukati uye muviri enyika.

Chii kureba womunhu muura

mubvunzo uyu unogona chete kupindurwa pamusoro. Chii Kureba muura muvanhu, chirevo zera. Sezvavanokura kukura dzinenge dzose dzomuviri. Kubva musi uyu, tinogona chete anofungidzirwa mhinduro yomubvunzo - rinhi mugaranhoko. Masayendisiti anoratidza chete avhareji tsika. Kureba mukuru kwevanhu muura - kubva gumi kusvika makumi maviri navatatu masendimita. Zviri mumwe-rechisere ukuru rezasi intestinal turakiti.

muura kureba achangoberekwa diki zvakaenzanirana ukuru nezvimwe zvikamu nemudumbu. Vanachiremba uyewo vakuru, ziva chete kuti fungidzira kukura. millimeters mashanu - ndiwo avhareji kureba muura. In aroorane vanhu kuchikosha kusiyana uwandu hapana.

mugaranhoko

Patinotarira sechivako muura kwevanhu conditionally akakamurwa dzidzo zvitatu:

• Perineum. Rine miganhu mana. Uyewo mugaranhoko dhipatimendi rakakamurwa zvokuridza maviri. Wokutanga vavo - ndiko urogenital. Varume, ndiko mukoto weti. Vakadzi, chiteshi, ukuwo, inobatanawo nyinyo. The mumagaro Triangle, zvisinei zvepabonde, ndiye horo.
• Horo. Ndiyo chokupedzisira nemudumbu uye mugaranhoko, ukuwo. nemaziso ndima buri akafanana slots raipinda chiteshi. shure okutanga maonero kubva vamiririri aroorane yakasiyana. Male mugaranhoko kufanana fanera. A munhukadzi - kana zvachose kumeso uye sandara kana bulges mberi.
• The ganda akapoteredza horo. It anosiyana ruvara kubva vamwe Epiderme e. Uyewo, ganda akapoteredza horo zvikuru rakawunyana. Chikonzero ichi ndicho sphincter kwokunze. Horo ine dhayamita pamusoro masendimita matatu kusvika matanhatu, urefu - kusvika mashanu. Horo uye mugaranhoko nhaka midziyo ropa uye tsinga harinzwi izvo anobvumira waidzora chetsoka (mutsvina yadzo kubviswa rikurumidze) ari muviri.

sphincters

Tinosiyanisa maviri mugaranhoko sphincter - involuntary uye nokuzvidira. Anotanga mukati muviri. Inoshanda sezvo vanobwembura uye kuguma chikamu mugaranhoko ane separator zvenguva. Inoitwa ane involuntary sphincter akaiswa mu kuwanda netsandanyama. Sizes siyana nehafu kusvika masendimita matatu nehafu. Varume, imwe involuntary sphincter mukobvu kupfuura wakanaka hafu yevanhu.

Zvemasanga sphincter iri panze. Ndiye kudzorwa nomunhu. The sphincter chinhu striated tsandanyama, kuvakoka kubva tsandanyama ari perineum. Size - kubva maviri nemashanu kusvika makumi mashanu millimeters.

Features uye kureba mugaranhoko vakadzi

Achienzanisa anatomi vose varume navakadzi, zvikuru kusiyana vakanga dzakaonekwa. Kureba mugaranhoko mune varume nevakadzi zvakafanana. Zvisinei, mune simba hafu revanhu, pane zvinoverengeka anatomical kusiyana.

In hadzi mumuviri mugaranhoko iri pedyo napedyo kusvika nyinyo, uye yakaiswa pamberi pake. Chokwadi, pane marongera pakati pavo. Zvisinei, zviri zvitete zvokuti zviri kudzivisa yokutama purulent uye neoplastic pezvakaitwa kubva nhengo kune mumwe.

Tichifunga izvi hadzi anatomical zvaiva naka pabonde vanowanzotambura kubva rectovaginal fistula. Ndivo mugumisiro pfungwa kana zvakakomba perineal misodzi pakusununguka.

mabasa

The chikuru kushanda mugaranhoko - ndiyo kubviswa tsvina kubva mumuviri. defecation muitiro inodzorwa nepfungwa dzevanhu.

Akatevera kukosha kushanda pashure kubviswa mutsvina yadzo ndiyo mvura mvura Absorção de Água. About zvina litres mvura pazuva kunyika muviri panguva kubudiswa, kudzvanya uye kupera mvura mumuviri kuti mutsvina yadzo. Kunze mvura, kuti rectal mucosa sucks mamineral chiya chisingadiwi zvinhu uye nokudaro kudzokera navo shure.

Uyewo, dura ane Zvaiitwa muura kwevanhu. Izvi zvinotsanangurwa sezvinotevera: asi mutsvina yadzo inounganidzwa mu chinu ura. Somugumisiro, kumanikidza rinobva pamadziro wayo. Ivo akaiyera etsinga chido rinoshandiswa, zvichiratidza kudiwa kutanga imwe bowel sangano.

Nokuda kukosha kwayo kuti mugaranhoko kunodiwa kushanda zvakanaka. Iye chaizvo inonyatsoziva akasiyana siyana kurwadziwa uye inoti. Somuenzaniso, kupatirwa chinokurwadzai fecal stasis. Uye ichi, uyewo, zvinotungamirira kudhaka dzemuviri. Uyewo apera chinovira wenyika kupatsanurwa zvokudya kuti intestinal kuzvivaraidza.

Work mugaranhoko

Sezvambotaurwa, chikuru basa iri mugaranhoko - a fecal excretion, muchetura uye nezvimwe zvinhu zvinokuvadza kubva mumuviri womunhu. Kubva yayo chaiyo oparesheni kunoenderana functionality yose zvomudumbu hurongwa. Muna mugaranhoko zvose pasingadiwi zvinhu kuunganidza uye ipapo goho.

Kana atadze kushanda zvakanaka pamusoro matongo zvose anoora, muchiungana uye pakudaro nomuchetura muviri. Ndokusaka zviri zvikuru kuongorora hutano mugaranhoko.

Conventionally, basa mugaranhoko rakakamurwa kunofambira mberi uye simba. Chokutanga kuunganidza uye chengetedzo pamusoro mutsvina yadzo uye zvinokuvadza. Kana uyezve nendove inounganidzwa ari dumbu, zviri kuva vakwanise, mipendero mucosal yareba. Zvinokuvadza yakafanira kune mumagaro benching uye zvakasimba compressed masvingo, inozadza yose kureba muura. Photo kumusoro rine ruzivo pamusoro kutungamirirwa kuchaitwa yavo. A kwatangwa kusunungurwa uye intestinal tsvina magasi kudzivirira sphincter nokunobuda netsvina.

Dynamic basa riri vaunganidza mukubvisa zvinokuvadza kubva mumuviri womunhu. Masero anonzi defecation defecation. Nhambo kana ikaitika, chaitwa nokuda tsinga harinzwi. Zvinoitika kuti munhu ane shungu defecate, uye mugaranhoko chaizvoizvo chinhu. mamiriro ezvinhu akadaro kuitika kana munhu aputsa basa nemudumbu. Kazhinji, inoratidza chidzoke kana kukura zvakasiyana siyana zvirwere.

Zvakaipa zviri muura kwevanhu

Zvinosuruvarisa mugaranhoko zvikanganiso kuva asati azvarwa. Zvikonzero aigona kuva zvakasiyana-siyana, uye zvinyore haatombotauri pfungwa. Ainyanya nenjodzi zvikamu zviviri dumbu - ndiyo perineum uye horo. Most kakawanda kuremara:

• Stenosis (aienda).
• Cloaca.
• Surgery (imperforate).
• Fistulas - chirwere kuzvimba.

Vachiberekwa malformations pasina fistula inotungamirwa zviri kuoneka pashure pokuberekwa, mumazuva okutanga. Chikonzero chirwere ichi ndicho duku intestinal permeability. Zviratidzo kuremara vaiona kurega zvokudya, kuda kurutsa, kurutsa uye overexcited.

Imperforate horo chiremba anoziva pakarepo pashure pokuberekwa. Zvisinei, kuongorora hunozodiwa nokuda yakarurama kuongorora chirwere. Kazhinji, kuremara iri migumisiro paumbwe fistula panguva crotch kana genitourinary hurongwa. Huru zviratidzo ndivo - kushaya kuti mutsvina yadzo kuburikidza nepanhengo. Nechekare pahwaro imwe saizi, chiremba prescribes kurapwa. fistula chirwere chinoitwa pachishandiswa X-ray zvidzidzo. nzira iyi inonzi "fistulography".

It rinoitwa nachiremba, radiologist, pamwechete chiremba. The Ongororo iri kuitwa, mushumo ane sema kwomusikirwo ayodhini. Pamberi nzira yacho fistula uchishandisa sirinji anoratidza zviri zvayo. Fistulous mugero kushambidzwa. Zvadaro, fistula anobudisa mushonga zvishoma nezvishoma akaiswa mugomba, kuburikidza icho musiyano svikiro iri jekiseni (chine ayodhini). Bhuku radiopaque mvura kunoenderana kukura fistula chiteshi. Anosungwa kuzadzwa zvakakwana musiyano svikiro.

Pashure pokukurukurirana fistula yokutanga yapera uye rakavharwa gauze bhora purasita. Maekisirei anoitwa. Radiopaque fuma hwaputswa, kana kwaita kunotevera. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, kugamuchirwe nzira pasi yokutindivadza.

Kana diagnosing bessvischevoy Surgery, mwana pakarepo akatuma kubata. Mune mamwe mamiriro ezvinhu, kuvhiya ari kunonoka kusvikira makore maviri. Izvi zvinosanganisira kusangana nekutsi kwemukadzi uye vestibular fistula. Asati asvika zvaida zera, mwana zvokudya maererano chaiyo kudya, izvo zvinosanganisira zvokudya zvine laxative nomugumisiro. A bowel sangano kunoitika Via enemas.

Zvokurwara somunhu aienda pamusoro mugaranhoko kunokwanisa kuonekwa kuburikidza proktografii uye rectoscopy. Ruzhinji kurapwa kudya uye kunovaka muviri maererano inoda kufunga. Ekupedzisira anopa sumo kuti sei nhengo kusanduka kana vanachandagwinyira tsvimbo nechinangwa ndichisveerera ura. Ivepo chombo nguva dzose kunowedzera mu dhayamita. Uye nokudaro zvishoma nezvishoma achitambanudza gomba kunoitika mugaranhoko. Kuwanda maitirwo siyana nomumwe.

Zvokurwara pamusoro vachiberekwa cloaca kunokanganisa vasikana chete. kuremara Izvi sezvinotevera: mune vanhuwo mugero kukabatanidzwa ari urethra, iyo nepanhengo uye rose kureba muura. Women kubvisa zvokurwara zvinokwanisika chete tichibatsirwa pakuvhiya.

Pachishandiswa refu uwandu, vanachiremba vanomanikidzwa kubvuma chokwadi - chero kuvadza dumbu chinokosha nengozi dzemuviri. Kunyanya hwakazara pezviri mitswe. Kudai asiri kurapwa nyanzvi achaponesa upenyu uye haazoiti kuzvuzvungudza mune ramangwana.

Zviratidzo rectal zvirwere

chirwere neimwe dzinoratidzwa zvimwe zviratidzo. Kunyange zvakadaro, tinofanira kutaura zvakafanana zviratidzo.

Kana mukawana chimwe zvezviratidzo izvi ndizvo zvaikosha kuona nyanzvi:

• Soreness ari nekunobuda netsvina mugero.
• Kunzwa chinhu worumwe mugaranhoko.
• Zvinoerera kubva mugaranhoko.
• Ropa.
• Kupatira.
• Fecal incontinence uye magasi.
• Kuvaviwa horo.

Zvinokosha kucherechedza kuti zvimwe zvirwere zviri mugaranhoko vanowanzopedzisira vava kekutanga asina zviratidzo.

Zvirwere zvavo kurapwa

Zvirwere mugaranhoko urwu, mubvunzo yepedyo zvikuru, izvo kuhupenyu chete kukurukura nyanzvi kana munhu watinoda. Sezvambotaurwa, kusateerera uye kushivirira vanotyisidzira kwete chete kuomesa, asiwo zvinouraya. A nenguva mharuro kurapwa inopa mukana wakaisvonaka wokuti kunaya zvakakwana.

Common muura chirwere:

• Proctitis - ane kuzvimba rectal mucosa. Kamwe maperembudzi dzakatangira muviri, saka pakarepo uye zviratidzo hwodoonekereswa. Zviratidzo proctitis dzinosanganisira: manyoka, marwadzo, dzenhema kapfungwa defecate, kuvapo madzihwa ari pachituru uye ropa mutsinga. Zvinokonzera mukuru zvirwere zvakawanda. Marapirwo kwacho kunobva kubvisa proctitis zviratidzo , uye ayo zvinokonzera.
• Prolapse of mugaranhoko. The chirwere inonziwo "heniya". ndiwo goho pamusoro mugaranhoko mhiri horo. Uyezve, zviri wakaputsika zvechizarira. Kakawanda rectal prolapse pamwe nekudeura ropa. Treatment - bedzi nokuda kutengeserana.
• Nokunobuda netsvina kutsemuka uku. Zviratidzo zviri kutema marwadzo panguva bowel kufamba, murombo ropa pamusoro defecation zvizere. Rokuongorora mumagaro kutsemuka uku ingangodaro kana kuonekwa kubva lumen ari muura. Kana chirwere kwapfuura kupinda chirwere danho, marapirwo anofanira kuvhiyiwa.
• Polyposis - asiri kenza masangano ari lumen ari muura. The chirwere haakonzeri kusanzwa munhu, uye iye anongoti asingadi kuzviona. Polyposis owana pakukuvara kana kusvika yese makuru. It inoratidzwa pachishandiswa nekunobuda netsvina kubuda ropa. The mishonga polyps ndiyo kuvhiya kubviswa.
• Coccygodynia - zvakaoma rokuongorora nokuti marwadzo ari mugaranhoko havasi pamwe kuona uchapupu kuparadzwa kwaro. Activators chirwere - kukuvara kwetsandanyama kuti kuti horo kukwira. Panguva kurapwa coccygodynia murwere anonzwa mupfungwa kusagadzikana, saka anopa pamberi chiremba, wetsinga kana neurosurgeon.
• Mamota - varicose mutsinga of mugaranhoko, kureva muna horo. The huru mbiri Zviratidzo zvirwere zviri mugaranhoko - riri ropa uye kurasikirwa nodes kubva horo. Uyewo, tisingaverengi pamusoro unhu Mamota kuoneka pfungwa giravhiti uye kuvapo muviri worumwe mugaranhoko, kuvaviwa, unopfuta uye kurwadziwa horo, kunorwadza defecation. Yakakura migove mutsinga ruchavhiringidza chakaipa excretion pamusoro mutsvina yadzo, kukuvara, thrombosing.

Zvinokonzera chirwere vari kusiyane: laxatives, kakawanda kushandisa enemas, nemumuromo nhumbu, kunyanya mumagaro utsanana, kudzikama kudya, neshure, kugara kuchovha, vaifamba, mudhudhudhu, pamuviri. Kazhinji, chirwere chinobata vanhu vane mabasa kunosanganisira ndakagara basa Somuenzaniso, vatyairi, programmers.

Pari pakurapa Mamota ane siyana. In munhu mhosva nomumwe, nyanzvi anosarudza aida nzira iyo acharapa hosha, uye achaita kuderedza marwadzo uye kusanzwa. Zvisinei, zvinokosha kuziva kuti nokukurumidza uye nyarara kuporesa zvinogoneka chete mukutanga nezvishoma. Mamota kunoita kukura nokukurumidza, uye somugumisiro, vachafanira kuisa pasi uchishandisa patafura pasi chiremba wacho banga. Uye pashure kuita yakaoma mitemo postoperative kumwedzi.

• Pute - a purulent kuzvimba, zvichiguma zvinyama yakapoteredza nekunobuda netsvina mugero. Maitiro zviri chirwere - pulsating marwadzo ari perineum, mucherechedzo mumagaro muchidimbu, dzomunharaunda akatsvuka uye fivha. Mabatirwo muura chirwere zvinogoneka chete kuvhiya oparesheni. Uye kwete munhu kupindira hungangokanganisa zvavo nechirwere uye nefivhiri. Chirwere paraproctitis inomirira fistula mugaranhoko, sezvo kushoma iri achiperekedzwa fistula, iyo inotanga kuburikidza muura kana ganda iri nekunobuda netsvina munharaunda. Panguva iyi chokuporeswa chirwere fistula kurapwa mune rikwanise Danho uye ayo uchishandisa kubviswa pashure chokutsva kuva sekwaserera.
• Cancer. Pacharo, chirwere haafuridziri tariro, pamwe zvinhu zvose nengozi zvikuru nokuda asymptomatic mukutanga nezvishoma. Zviratidzo munhu wokutanga anowana panguva apo chirwere akatotanga rakarova nzvimbo huru. Kenza zviratidzo - marwadzo uye yokumwe muviri manzwiro ari nekunobuda netsvina mugero. Pamusoro kuonekwa izvi zviratidzo chirwere angava hunorapa kurapwa. Ndiwo, mumwe haafaniri kuzvidza munhu kuzvuzvungudza navaduku horo kana mugaranhoko. Musava nousimbe uye kutaura chiremba.

Pane achiri akawandisa uye dzakasiyana-siyana zvirwere mugaranhoko. Zvaitika ndoda kakawanda, asi izvozvo hazvirevi kuti vari zvishoma ngozi.