Chirungu munyori Shelli Meri: Biography, okugadzira zvinhu, upenyu hwomunhu

All kunge vakanzwa Frankenstein. Asi ndiani akagadzira izvozvo, hazvina kuzivikanwa nevakawanda. Tichataura pamusoro British munyori mukutanga namapfumbamwe remakore - Meri Shelli (Biography uye zvinofadza chokwadi vari kumirira iwe pazasi hwake upenyu). Zvakaratidza kuti iye akasika eerie mufananidzo uyu rakavanzika iri ikozvino saka tsitsi vakatoita creators chinokatyamadza mafirimu.

The yakakurumbira Meri Shelli?

Izvi yakanaka yakashongedzwa mukadzi aizivikanwa okugadzira zvinhu zvavo uye nyika yakakurumbira yokufungidzira kwete chete, asiwo dzinonakidza uye akaoma dzinokanganisa uye majana zvoupenyu.

Young Mary pa18 ari bheji pamwe George Byron uye murume wake paakasika wokutanga zvenyika Gothic yokufungidzira. Izvi akava nomukurumbira, nekuti Chokwadi, iye akatanga mutsva Genre mabhuku.

Zvino zita Frankenstein chokuita ne vakawanda anotyisa. vanhu vashoma vanoziva kuti mufananidzo vakasikwa mupengo masayendisiti kukwira nezvisikwa creepy havasi "movie vanhu", uye ichi yakanaka soulful mudzimai - Meri Shelli. Photo varo Portraits anogona kuwanikwa munyaya zvinhu.

Asi basa yakakurumbira Shelley kwete chete. Vanoda nhetembo Romanticism wake zita riri chokwadi nekukuyeudzirai akakurumbira British nyanduri kudanana, shamwari George Byron - Persi Bishi Shelli, uyo, maererano canons pakati Romanticism, muduku runako akatiza kubva paimba yababa vake.

Meri Shelli: Biography, pfupiso. udiki

Munyori akazvarirwa nzvimbo yakakodzera kuti mambokadzi remangwana Gothic yokufungidzira - iri guru Albion, London.

zita rake rizere - Meri Uolstonkraft Godwin. Ndinotenda murume wangu chete murume anodiwa, mudetembi Persi Shelli, yakasvika pakuzivikanwa se Meri Shelli. Makore oupenyu munyori - 1797-1851.

The musikana akazvarirwa mumhuri inozivikanwa panguva rainge rakabudirira revakadzi raive Meri Uolstonkraft uye William Godwin, mumwe mutori wenhau, inozivikanwa kwayo anarchist uye hakuna Mwari maonero. Mai munyori yemberi akanga afa pashure chirwere kuoma pedyo aberekwa yakaoma, kusiya baba nherera achangoberekwa vake kwemakore maviri Fannie Mary (wake mwanasikana kubva yapfuura mashandiro).

Baba, kunyange anoshungurudzika norufu mudzimai wake waaida, asi nokukurumidza akaroora zvakare nowokwake - chirikadzi Mrs Clermont, vakanga vana vaviri vavo. Mwanasikana mukuru - Claire Clermont - akava shamwari Mariya uye kumhanya kunyange kure naye uye wake anoda kuti France, uye ipapo Switzerland, apo akatanga netsa vaviri pokukwidziridzwa kwayo uye kupfuurira.

Pasinei chokwadi kuti dzidzo kuvasikana panguva yakanga zvachose chiya, baba waMariya akamupa yekutenga imba nehwaro ruzivo uye akabatsira mwanasikana wake kudzidza.

Shelli Meri. Rudo Kutiza

Paakanga akanga anamakore gumi namatanhatu, iye akasangana muduku nyanduri Persi Shelli. Sezvo biographers vanoti iye kamwe chete wake Harriet akapinda muchitoro Godwin mhuri. Ikoko akaona Mariya uye zvinoita sokuti kudai kungokangaidzwa musikana kubva musangano wokutanga, nokuti akatanga kuramba kuti kuonekwa ikoko, asi pasina wake. Marriage Shelley atova ruchitsemuka panguva vazvo, asi makore matatu apfuura akawisa zvose uye kumhanya pamwe Harriet muFrance. Akatora kubva kumba kwake upengo gumi namatanhatu Mary murudo naye. Pashure pemavhiki mashomanana rudo, asi zviri varombo dzorudo akadzokera baba yemberi muvambi Gothic yokufungidzira. Asi, kuti kushamiswa uye zvakashatirisa vaviri, akanga chaizvo wakarwadziswa Chiito mwanasikana wake uye akati haachadi aida kumuona.

Zvino mhuri inofanira zvakazara kupa Shelley. Mary madly rudo nomurume anonzi uye havana shungu pamusoro upenyu mumba mababa. Kunyange zvazvo kuedza kugadziridza naye baba kwakaitwa mune ramangwana.

nyanduri Romantic, novelist uye ramangwana vokutanga zvakakwana kunzwisisa uye kuzadzikiswa mumwe. Asi nokufamba kwenguva, vane kuwirirana vakatanga. Percy, achizivisa mu nhetembo yake rudo yakachena, inopenya, zvamazvirokwazvo vasingakoshesi upombwe kuti vakarohwa nehana uye nokusagona Shelli Meri. Kunyange zvakadaro, zvave rakaramba rudo uye kuzvipira kumurume wake kuti upenyu.

Maturity uye Family

Nokuti muduku uchidanana yaiva nguva pakunamata kuti zvinovava munyori. Akadana murume wake vaisagona kuva kwake naye mukuru, nekuti akanga asina vakarambana Harriet. Mudetembi akamanikidzwa kupa vana uye Aimbova mudzimai, pamwe neni uye Meri Shelli. Children muukama hwavo vakaberekwa uye akafa, zvairwadza zvikuru musikana. Chete wechina mwanakomana munyori - Persi Florens - akapona uye akanunura mai vake vari kunetseka.

Muna 1817, mudzimai wake Shelli Garriet rikanyuramo mudhamu. vana varo, Maria Percy aida pokugara, asi fanned makuhwa tsvina saka veruzhinji regai kubvumirwa.

Sister Mary, Fanny, akanga akazviuraya. At 19 chete Shelli Meri vaona zvakakwana kuti vazive kuti mwoyo kwakadaro, marwadzo, kurasikirwa, uye kusurukirwa pakunamata. Zviri manzwiro aya iye akafuridzira yake gamba-shato huru yokufungidzira.

zvisikwa

Meri Shelli, uyo akaberekwa mumhuri matarenda uye vakasununguka-mafungiro vabereki pamwe kugona vakasarudza nzira yakasiyana. In netsamba dzake, kazhinji zvinoita kuti kubvira pauduku "nondo pepa" nyaya yakasiyana. Pamberi nganonyorwa "Frankenstein" zvakanyorwa zvakawanda. konekwa nganonyorwa inofanira dzinounzwa pakati yayo mangwanani basa, yaiti "Ruvengo."

Young Meri Shelli (wake Biography muchidimbu pamusoro) vakagamuchira yokunyora nokudhirowa yomurume wake, asi vaongorori vakawanda vanodavira kuti Percy nezvemurume kurapwa kuti zvikuru matanho mudzimai ari mabhuku. Zvichida aitya kuti Mary udzikatire kubudirira kwake.

Ushamwari Byron

Zvinozivikanwa kuti Persi Shelli aiva shamwari yapedyo George Byron.

Hafu-hanzvadzi , Mary, Claire, aiva noupenzi anoda vaduku tenzi, uyo aizova muvambi Romanticism, uye chaizvoizvo akamudzingirira. No siyana kuchena yetsika uye nokukurumidza vakabvuma yokudanana kunetsa vanasikana, uye vakava vadiwa. Nokukurumidza Vaviri aiva musikana - Allegra, njodzi iri nokuda kwokunyanyisa uye frivolity vabereki kwakanga kuchirwadza.

Byron kwakabatana uye nenhoroondo "Frankenstein" Meri Shelli, uye saka mangwanani uye nezvimwewo rufu Percy (akafa apo chikepe vouta George Byron "Arieri") aine makore 29.

Nhoroondo yokufungidzira "Frankenstein"

Kana kutsvaka utiziro vanoda Mariya uye Percy kuSwitzerland, muvakidzani yavo mugumo waiva Byron. Long manheru kuchinaya kubudikidza choto neshamwari achiudza mumwe kutyisa nyaya. Rimwe zuva vakasarudza kukwikwidzana mune zvokunyora nyaya zvinotyisa. Nokuda gakava uye akaonekwa "Frankenstein" Meri Shelli. Musi "kuberekwa" basa - vanenge 1818.

"Frankenstein." Chii chinonzi yokufungidzira?

"Frankenstein" rava mutungamiri ari Genre Gothic uye renyaya yokufungidzira. Muna 1818 basa yakabudiswa anonymously. Chete muna 1831 musiki akamupa zita rake.

Saka ndiani Frankenstein ichi, ane zita zvava zvakafanana zvisizvo remadunhu- inotyisa romugungwa, asi nzira matarenda vanhu akafemerwa pakusikwa zhinji renyaya mafirimu?

Kutaura zvazviri, Frankenstein - hazvisi chikara pacharo uye ayo musiki.

Semusayendisiti uye metaphysician Victor pamwe nechakare zita akaita zvakaoma chaizvo uye ngozi kuedza. Akatsvaka kuongorora kupfuura yakavanzwa makona nesayenzi. Kamwe akakwanisa kuburitsa zvakavanzika upenyu norufu. Ruzivo akamupa mukana ndiponesezve chitunha. Vachitarisira pakuvhurwa shasha akazviita uye akapiwa mugumisiro, izvozvo vakavhunduka naye. Zvatiri, akavaita sokuti saka creepy musayendisiti kuti atiza Murabhoritari yake uye kunze kweguta.

Main chigadzirwa Topic Meri Shelli

Nhoroondo inotanga musi aiongorora uye prospector Walton akatumirwa North Pole. Munziramo anowana akaondoroka uye pamahombekombe kupenga munhu. On muchikepe, anotaura nezve ake anotyisa chiedzwa.

Akakwanisa pakusika uye rarama hofori, asi iye Akatya zvokuti akaikanda murabhoritari uye vakatiza. Kwapera nguva, Victor anodzidza pamusoro porufu rwake munun'una. William akanga noutsinye. Uye kunyange mhondi wake akazivisa murandakadzi Justine, Frankenstein aiziva akanga mhosva chaizvo. Kufembera vakanga yasimbiswa paakadzoka kumba, akawana chikara ake.

Zvino kwakange musangano musiki uye nenyaya kuedza ake. Asika akandiudza kuti kwenguva refu nguva akararama mudura mumwe murume uye ikoko kudzidza kutaura. Chikara waiona ndakasurukirwa uye aida kuti shamwari ine bofu harahwa. Asi vana yekare yomunhu vakamurova zvikuru, vachinyomba kupfuura mhando. Vachimwaya Vapererwa, chipuka akawana dhayari pamusoro Victor, apo uye vakadzidza nezvenhoroondo yacho zvisikwa.

Shure kukurukura refu, chikara akamubvunza kusika musikana. Vakaenda chitsuwa kure, apo Victor akaenda kubasa. Kana chisikwa chitsva akatosvika kusikwa, akabva aona nengozi mubatanidzwa rezvisikwa maviri uye akaparadza "mwenga". Furious chinotyisa akapunyuka vakauraya shamwari yepedyo Frankenstein - Henri.

Victor akadzokera kumba akawana rudo rwake rwokutanga - Elizabeth. Muchato usiku mumba mokuvata nayo hwapinda chikara uye akauraya wake. Victor baba vakafa nokurova. Saka pakarepo akafa mhuri yose musayendisiti. Frankenstein apika kuuraya chikara uye vakamhanya pakuita naye North Pole. Mhuka akanyangarika, uye Victor akawana Walton. Akakatyamadza nhoroondo mutsvakurudzi akatendeuka chikepe chake shure. Munzira, Victor akafa, uye ake chikepe mutsvakurudzi yakazviwanira pacharo chikara. Chikara akaita akabvuma kuti anozvidemba uye anoda kuzviuraya. With mhiko iyi pamiromo yake, akatiza kubva mungarava.

Uise nganonyorwa "Frankenstein" iri mabhuku nyika

Sezvatakamboreva, basa rakanga rokutanga kwayo Genre. Sezvo Edgar Allan Poe akasika Genre ari mutikitivha, sezvo Meri Shelli akanyora yokutanga Gothic itsva munyika. basa rake kwakaita achitevedzera mune neboka duku, zvinosanganisira vadetembi Byron uye Shelley. Roman aivawo nokubudirira tsvarakadenga chakakomba anenge pakarepo pashure bhuku. Uye nanhasi haana kurasa Somunyori uye nhoroondo ukoshi.

Achinyora ari zvachose itsva nzira Meri Shelli, murume wake nevana kuti aiva wake femero, nokusika yokufungidzira kwenyu pamusoro penharo. Somugumisiro, iye akaisa chinhu ndima chete shona ndebele huru mabhuku nyika.

"Frankenstein" Kubudirira kwavo vanosungirwa nounyanzvi yakanyorwa kubva mifananidzo kwakajeka musayendisiti, uyo akakwanisa kusika chinhu chikuru, asi havana kuwana simba kuti mutoro wayo zvisikwa, uye zvisikwa, pasinei ake anotyisa ruoko Kutarira uye ropa umhondi, chaitwa kuvanhu, anoda kuva shamwari uye anoda. Chikara anonzwisisa kuti vanhu haangaiti kuzvigamuchira, ndiye zvasiyana zvachose. mhosva yake - iri vachisasa marwadzo uye kutambura, chinyararire chinozvidzwa musiki, iye saka noutsinye vakamuzvidza.

Writer kunosiya kuguma zvinobikwa rakavhurika, anopa mukana kune vaverengi kufunga chii chichaitika kune eerie, maturo chisikwa. Musiki akafa, asi mabasa ake vachagara chikara, uyo anoziva kutambura nokuungudza uye kutsvaka nzvimbo yevanhu nyika.

In mhedziso

Chirungu munyori Meri Shelli akararama upenyu huzere wokurwadziwa uye mwoyo. Asi iye akakwanisa kuramba mweya yakachena inopenya uye nokutenda norudo. Kuti rudo chaiva chinangwa muupenyu hwake. Muzita rudo unyanzvi Mariya uye zvakasikwa zvinoshamisa itsva pamusoro Frankenstein wake chikara, uyo Zvichafara vachiri kuverenga uye kudzidza.

Mary Aifanira mukadzi munyori mukuru uye unyanzvi munyori.