Rungano "Ivan Tsarevich". The vanonyanya kutaurwa, tsananguro, pfupiso

Ivan Tsarevich - tose isu vanozivikanwa uye vanodiwa kubva paudiki hweunhu. Kuve gamba guru rehuwandu hwemashoko emashiripiti, pasina mubvunzo anokanganisa zviitiko, akabatanidzwa mumifananidzo yavo. Hondo isingaenzaniswi inoita kuti folkloric nhau inonakidze nekuda kwekukurumidza kweunhu hwake uye humwe hunhu hwekutaura. Muzvidzidzo zvipi Ivan Tsarevich? Zvechokwadi, muhafu yavo yakanaka. Nhepfenyuro yenyaya idzi, mutoro wavo wezvinyorwa, pfungwa uye mharidzo, pamwe chete nezvimwe zvechimiro chejaya nemamwe masimba, zvichakurukurwa munyaya yakataurwa iwe.

Icho chimiro chikuru chemaRussia

Vakawanda vanofarira mubvunzo uyu: ndiani uye paakagadzirwa Ivan Tsarevich? Yakashamisa sezvo inogona kuratidzika, unhu huri muduku, sezvo akanyatsopindira epikics uye nhoroondo chete pamagumo ezana remakore rechi18. Akaiswa nevanhu, akava munhu wake, chiratidzo. Chiratidzo chacho ndiwo musha unozivikanwa zvikuru Vanya Ivan, kubva pane iyo folkloric character yakatora zvose zvakanaka nezvakaipa. Kazhinji iye anogara ari mwanakomana wechitatu wevapristi-mambo, mune dzimwe nhau hutano hune hanzvadzi nhatu, huri kuita mabasa matatu, katatu hunoenda nekurwisana nemasimba akaipa. Kudzokorora katatu munhau "Ivan Tsarevich neGrey Wolf", "The Frog Princess" uye vamwe havasi pangozi. VaSlav vakanga vane nhamba nhatu dze sacral, vachifananidzira kukura, kufamba, mavambo, mavambo, kubatana. Mune folkloric nyaya, zvinoratidza kuti haufaniri kurega, kana chimwe chinhu chisingawanikwi kubva panguva yekutanga: Mwari, sezvaunoziva, anoda hutatu. Pane kudaro, zvakakosha kuenda mberi, usarega, usaora mwoyo.

Sezvatotaurwa, Ivan Tsarevich - maitiro evanhu veRussia. Uyu unhu unowanzoita zvakanaka: anorwisana nezvakaipa, anobatsira vasina simba, anoponesa nyika kubva kune imwe nyoka inopisa kana kusingaperi Koshchei. Uye nguva dzose anogamuchira mubairo wezvose zvaanoita mabasa ake: chigaro cheushe, umambo, mudzimai akanaka, bhiza remashiripiti, zvinhu zvinokosha. Dzimwe nguva ane utera kuburikidza nenzira yekusava nechokwadi, kusateerera. Asi mamwe ma heroes anomudzosera kunzira yezvokwadi, sezvinoratidzwa nechirevo kubva munhau "Ivan Tsarevich neGrey Wolf": "Ndakatora chikamu - musazvitauri kuti hazvisi mbeveve." Ndiyo mutsara iyo chikara chakapindura kune gamba rine zvikumbiro zvake nekuda kwekudarika kwekurambidzwa: vanoti, kana chimwe chinhu chakatotanga, usakanda mapfumo pasi, uunza nyaya yacho kumugumo pasina kuchema zvisina kufanira. Nenzira, Ivan Tsarevich anogona kunge asina kunaka: kunyengera uye zvakaipa. Ipapo anopikisa hama dzake kana mwanakomana wake wekubata hove. Pakuguma kwenyaya yacho, unhu hwakaipa hunogara uchinetseka uye hunofanirwa kurangwa.

Sei benzi?

Chero nyaya yenhau inodzidzisa zvakanaka uye nyika. Ivan Tsarevich, kuva mumwe wevanhu vanonyanya kukosha, kazhinji anova maitiro emuviri wekudzwa uye kutendeseka. Asi kazhinji anoratidzwa nebenzi: unlucky, akavhiringidzika, asingagutsiki. Semuenzaniso, P. P. Ershov akabudirira nekutsanangura ichi chimiro cheVanya mu "Hondo yeHumpbacked": "Baba vangu vaiva nevanakomana vatatu. Mukuru wavo aive akachenjera. Avhareji yakanga yakaita saizvozvo. Muduku wacho akanga ari benzi zvachose. " Asi nenzira yemashiripiti, ihu hupenzi hwaIvan hunomuunza mufaro wechokwadi, kukunda, kubudirira. Zvose nokuti mapenzi kazhinji muRussia anodana vanhu vakatendeseka, vakasununguka uye vakarurama. Havazobiri, kunyengedza, kuenda kune mhosva - kuipa kwakadaro kwemweya hakusanzwisisiki kune pragmatists. Asi vanokanganwa pamusoro pekubhadhara uye mubairo webasa. Ivan anogamuchira pfuma uye mufaro nokuda kwezvaanoedza, kunyange kana ari benzi.

Pane imwezve shanduro yezita rezita iri. Masayendisiti uye anthropologists vanoti madzitateguru edu, vaSlav, vakagadzira tsika yekupa kuwedzera kunonyadzisa zita racho. Vaitenda: nehupfungwa dzisina kunaka dzinodzivirira mwana wavo kubva kune zvakaipa uye nhamo. Zita rekudana rakava chishongo. Ivan chaizvoizvo anoshamisika nemabasa ake ebenzi. Kubvumirana, kuenda kundotsvaka mwenga asipo kana chivande chekuvhara, haatenderi mupfungwa, asi pakuziva. Mukuwedzera, unhu hunowanzove hwakananga, huri nyore uye husina maturo, hunoti hahuna kutaura nezvehuchenjeri hwake. Asi pakupedzisira anozorora pamakumbo ake, kusiyana nehama dzake "dzakangwara".

Unhu hwaIvan Tsarevich

Izvo zvakanaka. Imwe nyanzvi yezvinyorwa Ivan Tsarevich munhu ane mutsa. Iye asingafariri anobatsira vamwe, haafungi nezvekubatsira. Panguva imwecheteyo, anokwanisa kuchengeta pachake chiremerera, kupindura mibvunzo yaBaba-Yaga zvakananga, pasina kunyengera, kuchenjera. Kufanana, iwe unotanga kudya uye enda kunorara, uye zvino tichava nekutaurirana. Ivan haasi kutya iye, anokurumidza kutanga kutora mumaoko ake, kuratidza kuoma kwemunhu. Unhu hunewo unhu hukuru, anogara achiziva nguva yekubvunza, uye nguva yekuraira.

Mufananidzo weIvan Tsarevich munhau dzevhangeri unoshandurwa mushure mekufamba kwaakaitwa. Uye izvi hazvishamisi. MuRussia yekare, sekumwe mune dzimwe tsika, kufamba nekudzungaira kumativi ose enyika chiratidzo chekufambira, chiitiko chitsvene. Munguva yorwendo munhu anononoka kune njodzi, miedzo, kudzidza kuva akachenjera uye mwoyo murefu. Nokudaro, kudzokera kunyika yake yekuzvarwa, anowedzera kukura, ane njere, anofunga zvinonakidza uye zvepakutanga. Mushure mekufamba, Vanya anochinja zvikuru. Sezvo awana unhu hwakasimba mumushandirapamwe, unozvichengeta. Iye zvino anoshandisa zvakanaka simba rake neuchenjeri, pamusoro pemikana yaasina kumbofungira.

Ivan nemadzishe ake

Ngatitange tanga kugadzirisa chirongwa chemafari. Ivan Tsarevich anogara wekutanga - haasi kushungurudzika, anovata pachitofu. Zvadaro zviitiko zvinokura zvichienderana nechinetso, somuenzaniso: kutyisidzira kwaKoshchei, kubatwa kwemwenga, chirevo chebaba-mambo. Kurwisana kunorwa nemweya yakaipa. Uye nyaya yacho inoguma nekukunda kwezvakanaka uye kwaIvan iye pachake. Chirongwa chacho chiri nguva dzose chakafanana, asi munhu mukuru anogona kunge akasiyana.

Zvichienderana neunhu hwake hunhu, hero yacho inogamuchirawo mwenga:

• Ivan muroti. Yakapiwa munyaya yenyaya "Elena the Wise." Rinoratidza pamusoro pekusingaperi, kuridza rudimbwa. Iko kunofanirwa kunge kuripo Elena weAngwaru, uyo, achive anonzwisisa uye akachenjera, anokanganwira kunaka kwekunamatira kwemurume wake, anovatarisa kuburikidza neminwe yake.
• Ivan akaora mwoyo. Inoratidzwa mu "The Frog Princess". Nyika yeRussia yakafara, asi museve wayo inowira mumvura yakadzika. Unhu hwakadaro hunoda Vasilisa the Beautiful, uyo haasi akanaka chete asiwo anobatsira. Achitenda pfungwa yake yakajeka, haasi kubudirira chete kubudirira kubva mumamiriro ezvinhu asingafadzi iye pachake, asiwo anoponesa murume wake.
• Ivan the Good-natured ("Marya Morevna"). Anogovana chingwa nevarombo uye anoponesa mhuka. Mudzimai akaoma inofanirwa kumudzimai uye mudzimai akanaka. Uyu ndiye Mary Princess, mukadzi akasimba uye ane simba-anoda.

Mifananidzo yemadzimai inobatanidza munhu mukuru, "achimugutsa" iye ane unhu uhwu, kusavapo kwaanotadza. Kuvonga neizvi, kubatana kunogadzirwa munhau: munharaunda yaro uye muhukama pakati pevanhu.

"Ivan Tsarevich neGrey Wolf"

Ndivanaani vanonyanya kutaurwa munyaya iyi, inova pachena kubva kune zita pacharo. Huru yekukurukura ndeimwe yevanhu vanonyanya kukoshesa, izvo zvinoita kuti iyi nhau isati ichitaura nemashiripiti chete, asiwo chikamu che "zoological" Nhau inotaura nezvemhuri imwe, uko kune mambo nevanakomana vake vatatu. Vagari venhaka vanoramba vachikwikwidzana kwete rudo rwebaba vavo chete, asiwo nekodzero yekugamuchira mushure mekufa kwake chigaro nehupfumi. Nokuda kweizvi, pavanenge vachizadzisa murairo wemubereki, vanoedza kubata Firebird, iyo yakapinda mumunda wavo. Vasingakwanisi kubata runako rwemawere panzvimbo iyo, ivo vakaenda kundomutsvaga. Muduku kuna vose, Ivan, anosangana neGrey Wolf, uyo anodya bhiza rake. Panguva imwecheteyo, mhuka inotanga kushumira muchinda, achizadzisa mabasa ake: kutanga iye anova Moto weMoto, ipapo bhiza-yendarama uye Elena the Beautiful. Nenzira, wechipiri akaudzwawo kuti ataure muprista asina kusara. Zvinosuruvarisa, hama-negodo dzinotengesa Ivan, kubvisa kubva kwaari mhandara uye Firebird. Asi mhumhi inouya kuzobatsira pasina kunonoka kunonoka - zvose zvinowira munzvimbo.

Nyaya iyi "Ivan Tsarevich neGrey Wolf" ndeimwe yevakakurumbira muRussia. Pamusoro pezvinangwa zvake zvinotemwa mapikicha uye mafirimu, maitiro anoitwa. Kunyange painted mifananidzo: somuenzaniso, Vasnetsov's masterpiece pasi pezita rimwe chete. Iyo munhu mukuru - mhumhi - inoratidzwa pano pane zvakanaka: iye akatendeka, akatendeseka uye anokudzwa. Asi hama, kunyange zvazvo dziri madzimambo eropa, dzinoratidzwa sevasina kunaka: kusava nehanya, godo. Vasingadi kuonekwa sevakarasikirwa pamberi pababa vavo, ivo vakatoenda nekunyengera. Nyaya yenyaya inoita kuti vaverengi vave nechokwadi chimwe chete: zvakaipa zvinounza zvakaipa zvakafanana, zvakanaka nguva dzose inodzoka mazana zana. Mukuwedzera, kwete zvinhu zvose muhupenyu zvinoshingaira nekushanda: dzimwe nguva unoda kushandisa mano neunyanzvi.

"The Frog Princess"

Icho chimiro chikuru, chinoti chiitiko chemaiyi chinotitumira isu, Ivan Tsarevich. Mhedziso yenyaya iyi inozivikanwa kune mumwe nomumwe wedu kubva paudiki. Pakutanga, unhu hukuru hunoratidzika sehushiya: museve wake unopwanya dutu, uye anomanikidzwa kuroora frog. Asi chaizvoizvo aive nematombo. Zvakabva zvaitika kuti mudzimai wake - vaVashamisa vaifara. Akanaka, uye akachenjera kwazvo. Izvo zvose mabasa-maitiro aTsar-musikana anoita nounyanzvi uye ane chiremerera, achipfuura hanzvadzi yake-mukoma-murume wehama dzakakura. Zviri pachena kuti mukadzi akachenjera akadaro aisagona kubatsira asi kuonekwa neakaipa Koshchei, uyo anoba musikana. Ivan anoenda kundomutsvaga: munzira iyo anosangana nemhuka dzakawanda dzaanobatsira - pike, drake, hare uye bere. Pakutanga anoda kuzvidya, asi zvino anonzwira tsitsi uye anopa munhu wose hupenyu. Nokuti mhuka idzi munguva yakakodzera dzichaunza muponesi - dzichamubatsira kukunda Koshchei uye kuchengetedza mwenga.

Kufanana ne "Tale yaIvan Tsarevich neGrey Wolf," nyaya ino inotidzidzisa rudo, kusanganisira mhuka. Zvinoratidza kuti hama dzedu duku dzinokwanisa kubatsira mukupindura kutarisira uye kuchengetedzwa. Nyaya inoratidza kuti tsitsi dzinogara dzichipa mubayiro. Panguva imwecheteyo, zvakaipa izvozvi - nenzira yeKoshchei kana imwe mweya yakaipa - icharangwa zvakarurama. Kuzvininipisa uye kuchena Vasilisa kukunda kuzvikudza uye godo rehanzvadzi-tezvara. Nhau yenyaya inodzidzisa kuti munhu anogara achifanira kuita chinangwa chake. Ivan ari munzira yake anokunda matambudziko mazhinji, asi kutsungirira uye chinangwa chemuchinda vanopiwa mubayiro. Somugumisiro, anoponesa Vasilisa: vanogara vachifara nguva dzose.

"Tale yeApples Juvenile uye Mvura Yakararama"

Chirongwa chenyaya yemashiripiti inowanzoitika. "Tale yaIvan Tsarevich neGrey Wolf" yakafanana chaizvo nenyaya iyi. Iyo inewo mambo nevanakomana vatatu vari kuedza zvakaoma kufadza baba vake. Baba, paakanga akwegura, vakasarudza kudzokerazve pauduku uye vanozadza kusafa. Kuti azadzise chinangwa chake, aida maapuro emadiki uye mvura mhenyu. Uye ndiani waakatumira kumucheto wekumambo? Zvechokwadi, vagari venhaka. Pakutanga, mukoma mukuru, Fyodor, akaenda kundomutsvaga, asi akakwanisa kutorwa nemusikana ane njere uye ane mano. Ipapo ruva rakasarudza kuedza mwanakomana wepakati, Basil, asi akatambura zvakafanana. Pamusoro pediki, kubva mujeri rebenzi rechokwadi, pakanga pasina tariro. Asi Baba vakanga vasina chimwe chinhu chekuita asi kupa Ivan basa rakafanana.

Mutungamiri ari mumugwagwa akanyatsoita chisarudzo chakanaka, saka Baba-Yaga anomubatsira kusvika kumunda wemashiripiti pasi pekudzivirirwa kweBlue-Eyes. Ipapo Ivan akatora maapuro, akadurura mvura uye akaenda kumba. Musikana ane maziso ebhuruu akabatwa naye, asi panzvimbo yekurangwa nekuba, mutungamiri akamugamuchira kukanganwirwa uye rudo pamwe chete. Ari munzira, akasunungura hama, ndokubva atengesa mutungamiriri. Zvose zvaaibata zvaive zvakagadzirirwa nehukama hwekuchenjera. Asi shiri yeNagai, shamwari yakatendeka yeSineglazka, yakamusunungura kubva mugomba risina chigadziko ndokubatsira kudzorera kururamisira. Ivan akaroora Sin-Eye uye akararama achifara muumambo hwake. Iko pfungwa huru ye "Nhau dzepano pamusoro pemapurocheche evechidiki ..." - Kutengesa hakutungamiri kune chero chinhu chakanaka. Urwere harungagoni kuva narusingaperi, hazvibviri kuwana husafa. Chinhu chikuru ndechekurarama makore akaenzana nekuvimbika uye nenzira yakanaka. Uye nokuda kwehuMwari, munhu wese achawana zvaanokodzera.

"Marya Morevna"

Muzvidzidzo zvipi Ivan Tsarevich? Mukuwedzera kune zvataurwa pamusoro apa, unhu huripo mune nhoroondo yemashiripiti yeMarya Morevna. Pakutanga, mushure mekufa kwevabereki vake, anopa vanun'una vake kuroorwa - nekuda kweEgondo, Falcon neCrow. Ipapo anosangana nemukadzi akanaka musikana, Maryou, uyo achangobva kuroorwa. Asi, kuputsa kubvumwa kweaanoda, Ivan anorasikirwa naye - muKoschey akaipa anotora musikana wacho. Mukutsvaga mudzimai wake, muchinda anoiswa muedzo wakawanda, kusanganisira rufu. Kuti amubatsire kuuya mhuka nemukwambo: pakupedzisira, muchinda anotora mabasa aBaba-Yaga, anokunda Koshchei uye anobudisa Maria.

Mhedziso yenyaya yepano ndeiyi: kuteerera ndiyo chivimbo chehupenyu hukama uye hukama. Nokuti kuputsa kwebvumo kunowanzokonzera matambudziko mazhinji. Nhoroondo inodzidzisa kukudzwa, kushivirira, kutsunga - vanobatsira kutsungirira matambudziko. Somugumisiro, zvakanaka zvinotofanira kukunda. Chinhu chikuru ndechokugona kupfidza munguva, kubvuma kukanganisa uye kuita zvose kururamisa zvakaitika. Uyewo kuti uwane ruzivo runokosha, kuitira kuti usazoitazve zvisarudzo zvisina kunaka.

"Gungwa Gungwa naMasilisa Vakachenjera"

Nhoroondo yeRussia nyaya "Ivan Tsarevich neGrey Wolf", pamwe nemimwe nyaya yemashiripiti inotiudza kuti mutsetse pakati pezvakanaka nezvakaipa wakaonda kwazvo. Aya mauto maviri anogara achitaurirana, anonanirana. Pasina chiedza hapana mithunzi, iyo yekupedzisira inounza zest kuhupenyu hwepasi. Nokudaro nyaya "Gungwa reTsar uye Vasilisa Wakangwara" rinounzawo pfungwa iyi kuburikidza nechirongwa chose. Inotaura pamusoro pemupristi, uyo akatorwa nemvura mvura. Nekuregeredza, anovimbisa kupa izvo zvaasingazivi kumba. Sezvo rombo ringave naro, uyu mwanakomana muduku anozvarwa musipo. Nokufamba kwenguva, muduku anokura Ivan anoenda kuGungwa Mambo, asi munzira anosangana nemukadzi wechikuru anotaura kuti angawana sei kufarirwa nemwanasikana muduku pane imwe mhuka uye nokudaro anoponeswa kubva parufu.

Pane imwe nguva iri pasi pemvura, muchinda ane ushingi anopfuura muedzo - achimubatsira mukumukomana uyu muduku, uyo anozova mudzimai wake. Vechidiki vanopukunyuka kubva mugungwa mugomba rakadzika-dzika kunyika yavo yeIvan, kwavanogara vachifara uye vapfumi. Nhoroondo iyi inodzidzisei? Ivan Tsarevich pakutanga anonyatsopindura mukadzi akare, ndokugadzirisa uye anogamuchira mazano anokosha. Chinhu chokutanga icho chiitiko chinouya kwatiri ndekuremekedza vakuru, huchenjeri hwavo uye hupenyu hwehupenyu huchabatsira mune chero mamiriro ezvinhu akaoma. Chinhu chechipiri chiitiko chepano chinodzidzisa rudo uye kuonga nyika yako. Wakugamuchira zvinhu zvose kune imwe nyika, pamusoro pezvauri kurota, iwe munguva pfupi uchakurumidza kushungurudzwa nekuda kwenzvimbo dzako dzekuzvarwa. Hapana chinhu chakakosha zvikuru kupfuura maMelandland uye mhuri yavo.

Mhedziso

Maitiro akanaka uye asina kunaka anobatanidzwa nenyaya. Ivan Tsarevich muzviitiko zvizhinji, iyo hero inofadza. Munhoroondo ye "Crystal Mountain" akakwanisa kugovana zvakapambwa pakati pemhuka, iyo yaakabhadharwa nesimba rekuberekwa patsva mumusana uye nyere. Achiwana zvishamiso zvinoshamisa, akakwanisa kukunda mhandara uye kukunda nyoka dzinotyisa. Sezvakataurwa munyaya dzose dziri pamusoro, munhau iyi yenyasha anoratidza kuvimbika kwake, kururamisira, uye njere. Nemhaka yehutsika hwakanaka hwehutano, iye ane simba pakukunda chero zvipingamupinyi.

Nokudaro chero nharo yenyaya dzevhangeri inodzidzisa vaverengi vaduku kusununguka, kutendeseka. Mhuka dzinomiririrwa mairi vanhu vakafanana. Kuburikidza nemifananidzo yezvipfuwo, vanhu vemifananidzo vanoratidza kuti munhu haafaniri kubata sei hama, shamwari, vashandi pamwe navo, kana kuti vanhu vasiri vese. Chero nyaya yenhau inotaura kuti ruramisiro ichanyanya kukunda. Asi nokuda kweizvi zvakafanira kuedza, hongu, kuratidza kutsungirira uye kutsungirira. Zviitiko munyaya imwe neimwe yemashiripiti hazvigone kuva zvisizvo, asi dzinonyatsobatana nemamiriro ezvinhu ezuva nezuva ehupenyu hwechokwadi. Mifananidzo yakajeka inotibatsira kuti tione muhutano hwechokwadi hwechokwadi, kubata nhema. Vanodzidzisa vanhu kuti vave vakashanda zvakaoma, vane mutsa uye vakavimbika, vanyevera pamusoro pemakaro, godo nekunyengedza.