Chrematistics - a vapfume nesayenzi. Dzidziso Economic naAristotle

vanhu yedu iri kuwana chikuru zveupfumi kushanduka. Chakadaro nguva hunhu rethinking pfungwa pamusoro nyika uye kuteterera kuna kwakatangira. In chiedza izvi hazvishamisi nezviso uye kuteterera kuna Aristotle. The zvakawanda zvokuti upfumi uye chrematistics - maviri mananara nebope chinogona kurondwa zvakananga kwaari ave akakurumbira rekare rechiGiriki anofunga. Munyaya ino tichakurukura zvinoreva zvose pfungwa sei anosangana uye.

Aristotle: upfumi uye chrematistics

Ancient muzivi wechiGiriki vaiita kushandiswa mari kundosangana dzinongoitika dzevanhu zvinodiwa uye kuwanda kwavo sezvo mugumo pachayo. Chrematistics - iri, ari maonero ake, kunamatwa zvisingabatsiri. Aristotle ndakanzwisisa ichi izwi ezvinhu umo mari anorasikirwa chikuru basa ayo svikiro zvokutsinhanisa, uye mudzokere kunyika mugumo pachayo. Chrematistics - Somuenzaniso, chimbadzo uye dzokufungidzira zvokutengeserana. Nokuti zvose minda basa Aristotle aionekwa okusafarira. Aidavira kuti havasi chete dzinongoitika uye kushandisa vanhu.

Zvakasiyana zvakasikwa, sezvinoonekwa Aristotle, upfumi. Mari, yake pfungwa, tinofanira kuva nzira uye kwete kuguma. Vanofanira kufambisa kutengeserana. A usurious mhindu, nekusiyana, zvinoomesa nayo, kuita mari shoma iripo apo vari kudiwa. Naizvozvo chrematistics sainzi vapfume kuti Aristotle anotarisa kutsveyama, imwe nzira kushanda vapfumi nevarombo.

Kwakatangira pfungwa

Kusvika French Revolution, kutengeserana kwainzi zvakakwana mhosva basa. Tora zvino zvakaoma, nekuti nhoroondo kuchangobva zvinoita nechepakati upfumi chete muzvinabhizimisi. Asi zvokufungidzira kare kwainzi chivi, uye marudzi ose kudzvinyirirwa kwakarambidzwa nekereke. Munguva yeMiddle Ages vakazvidza vatengesi. Kuti vararame, havana vakaumba nyanzvi mubatanidzwa.

Aristotle aifunga kuti basa iri nhumbi pachisikirwo haisi chrematistics. Asi chete kusvikira panguva yakadai pachirehwa zvinhu kuti anodiwa kuti vanowatengesa uye vatengi. Pakuwedzerwa ita mutengano rine mari. Ivo aivabatsira uye mhanyisa exchange. Zvisinei, nokugadzirwa kwakaitwa mari ita mutengano vanotozvikuvadza ichichinja kuita chinhu. Dzakazonaka mukana zvakasiyana-siyana yokufungidzira. Vamwe chikamu vanhu anotanga kuita chrematistics. Saka Aristotle kutanga akasimbisa musiyano mari senzira wokufambisa uye kuwanda, kureva guta.

Aristotle upfumi

Aristotle zvachose akaipa aiita kuunganidza mari sechinhu overarching chinangwa. Aiona chimbadzo uye dzokufungidzira zvokutengeserana tyisa mabasa kuti dehumanizing avo vari kuita navo. Kufanana mudzidzisi wake Plato, naAristotle rinorambidza kuunganidza mari. Usurers, akafunga, kwete kusika chinhu pfuma yavo rinowanika kanenge kubva dzakaonda mhepo. Saka, basa rakadaro kwakashata.

In dzezvoupfumi, kutengeserana zvinofanira kuitika zvakananga pakati mugadziri uye mutengi kuruoko mutengo. Muchiitiko chino, hazvina kusika ukoshi yakawedzerwa kubva chinhu. Economic Aristotle rinoreva pakusikwa tsika zvakafanira zvidikanwi dzevanhu. Mari chete nzira kuwedzera exchange pakati vaburitsi kuvandudza unhu kwayo.

Aristotle aifunga kuti upfumi yechokwadi inoumbwa nezvinhu izvo zvinodiwa zvakasikwa. harigoni parinogumira zvakasikwa. Zvakanga zvakanaka, asi kwete mari, maererano Aristotle, ndiyo huru hunhu upfumi.

KuMiddle Ages

Munguva iyi chrematistics - ndiwo anozviita yechechi. Vanhuwo zvavo, basa iri anonzi kunaka. Zvisinei, guta zvinogona vaunganidza kana achaenda rudo mune ramangwana. The Catholic Church inotsigira dzidziso zvoupfumi yose Middle Ages. maonero aya chrematistics yakagovana ne Foma Akvinsky.

The ano Pfungwa

Sezvo Aristotle akanyora basa rake, upfumi uye chrematistics - vari vaviri sayenzi. Zvisinei, munguva yedu, yokupedzisira zvinoonekwa chete yechinangwa zvavo dzidziso. Pfungwa dzakadaro se "guta guru", "rendi" uye "muzana" vanoonekwa kuti zvetsika kweupfumi. Kunenge kuti dudziro kwakadaro kwaizova kugamuchira aigona Aristotle. Zvisinei chrematistics - chinhu chinokosha pamusoro ano capitalist kwadzinoita kurima. Kunyange Martin Luther Zvisinei, uye vakataura pamusoro usurpation uye vanozivikanwa kwake kudzidza Protestant nesimba Maks Veber anoratidza hunokosha Bourgeois zvinodyiwa uye mari. Shoko rokuti "chrematistics" Karl Marx rinoshandiswa kureva capitalism.

Dzidziso Economic naAristotle

Pakati dzinokosha zvinodavirwa muchitendero Aristotle ndedzinotevera:

• Uranda zvepanyama chokufunga vanhu. It hamufaniri kubata, uye kunoisawo hapana ngozi vagari vakasununguka. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti panguva Aristotle varanda vaiva vatorwa munyika akabatwa vaGiriki, iyo yakati anoruramisa zvoupfumi dzidziso anofunga. Kunyange zvazvo kuva zvachose isingagamuchiriki nhasi.
• Kudikanwa kusimbisa kirasi pakati kuburikidza vanoparadza agrarian arikunze uye zvakare varanda vatorwa.
• Kudzivirirwa chaiyo. Aristotle akaona nheyo dzayo, kunyange mhuka nyika.
• Kudiwa naturalization upfumi uye kudzokera kurima.
• Kuderedza kupfuura kutengeserana kurambidza zvokufungidzirwa uye chimbadzo. Aristotle akaona nheyo upfumi kuti taizova shevedzai bhizimisi duku. Asi chete mupfungwa dzake nguva dzose ibasa akanaka mitengo.

Ancient anofunga kuedza kuwana zvinoenderana raizoita kutsanangura kukosha-kuti-mari. Aidavira kuti panguva kupanana mutengesi anotsvaka kuripa kurasikirwa iye akatenga zvinhu. The chidzoke mari, Aristotle anotsanangura kuzvuzvungudza chokufambisa zvimwe zvinhu pamusoro madaro marefu. Zvishoma nezvishoma, zvisinei, havana outgrow unosvikirwa zvokutsinhanisa chaitika. Economy chrematistics kutsiviwa. The mamiriro ezvinhu haana kuchinja nhasi. Uye chrematistics zvinokonzera nematambudziko uye zvemari "matema".