Cytostatics - chii? mazita zvinodhaka

Cytotoxic yomuchipatara - nevasori izvo anononoka pasi nedanho muchitokisi weboka. Kuramba upenyu nhengo inobva kugona masero ayo agovane, apo masero matsva kutora nzvimbo yakare, uye vakwegura, ukuwo, vari kufa. Nokumhanya izvi pakugadzira kwatemwa kuti muviri chakatsigirwa vaitofanira pakuenzanisa masero, sezvamakaropafadzwa zviri zvinoshamisa kuti neimwe nhengo metabolic muitiro unobuda pamwero yakasiyana.

Asi dzimwe nguva mwero muchitokisi weboka anova zvakare guru, masero wekare havana nguva yokufa. Ndizvo paumbwe namamota, mune mamwe mashoko - anomera. Panguva ino anova akakodzera mubvunzo cytostatics - chii uye sei vanogona kubatsira pakurapa kenza. Uye kupindura izvozvo, unofanira kufunga zvose zvinobatanidzwa boka iri zvinodhaka.

Cytostatics uye Oncology

Muzviitiko zvizhinji mune okurapa kushandiswa cytostatics rinowanikwa mune oncology, kuti kuderedza bundu kukura. Panguva kurapwa, mushonga ane sei masero ose muviri wacho, saka kuderera kuti muviri kunoitika muna nyama yose. Asi chete nyanyisa mapundu nezvaizoitwa cytostatics runoratidzwa zvizere kuburikidza tava kuderera mwero kenza kunoita.

Cytostatics uye autoimmune pezvakaitwa

Uyewo, cytotoxic vamiririri akashandiswa pakurapa autoimmune zvirwere, somugumisiro pathological basa iri zvirwere antibodies kuparadza maantigen kwete rakapinza kupinda muviri pachake munyama uye masero. Cytostatic zvazvinoita mumwongo kuderedza basa kutapata, mauri chirwere ane mukana kupinda kanganwiro.

Saka, mishonga cytotoxic anoshandiswa zvinotevera zvirwere:

• nyanyisa kenza mapundu mukutanga mumatanho;
• rwekenza yelymphoma;
• neleukemia;
• chinonzi systemic lupus erythematosus;
• chearthritis;
• vasculitis;
• Sjogren kuti urwere;
• scleroderma.

Zvatakurukura zvairatidza kuti negashiro zvinodhaka uye mashandiro pakati migumisiro yayo pamusoro muviri, zvinova pachena sezvo cytostatics basa, chii, uye kana vanofanira kushandiswa.

marudzi cytostatics

Cytostatics, izvo dziri pasi apa, hakugumiri Mapato aya, asi itsika kusiyanisa izvi 6 Mapato nemishonga.

1. alkylating cytostatic yomuchipatara - nevasori kuti anokwanisa kuparadza DNA masero izvo nemupristi mwero fission inozivikanwa. Pasinei mukuru mwero kunyatsoshanda, zvakaoma-akashivirira mishonga, kusanganisira zvinokonzerwa kurapwa kazhinji ndiyo zvokurwara chiropa uye itsvo sezvo huru filtration hurongwa. Kuburikidza dzakadaro dzinosanganisira:

• masitadhi;
• nitrourea nomukaka;
• alkyl;
• ethylenimines.

2. alkaloids, cytotoxic vaishandira chirimwa kwakabva - zvibereko ndozvinoitawo, asi ane dzinongoitika sezvamunoita:

• taxanes;
• vinca alkaloids;
• podophyllotoxins.

3. Cytotoxic nevasori, antimetabolites - zvinodhaka kuti inogona kuderedza zvinhu pokuita nedanho bundu inotungamirwa, nokudaro kumbomira kukura kwayo:

• folate mhandu;
• purine analogue;
• pyrimidine mhandu.

4.Tsitostatiki-mishonga - inorwisa utachiona vamiririri vane antitumor basa:

• anthracyclines.

5. Cytotoxic nevasori, mahormone - kenza mishonga inoderedza kugadzirwa zvimwe mahormone.

• progestins;
• antiestrogens;
• estrogens;
• antiandrogens;
• aromatase FIs.

6. Monoclonal antibodies - antibodies artificially akasika fanana Ndizvo kunangana masero yakananga, muchiitiko ichi - anomera.

gadziriro

Cytostatics, mazita zvinodhaka zviri kukurukurwa pazasi, vari rakapa chete mushonga uye vanobviswa chete zvachose mamiriro:

• "Cyclophosphamide";
• "Tamoxifen";
• "Flutamide";
• "Sulfasalazine";
• "Chlorambucil";
• "Azathioprine";
• "Temozolomide";
• "Hydroxychloroquine";
• "Methotrexate".

The pamazita zvinodhaka kuti zvaizoita kukodzera tsanangudzo "cytostatic yomuchipatara" wakakura kwazvo, asi mishonga iyi ushandiswe Vanachiremba kakawanda. Kugadzirira vakasarudzwa nomumwe murwere vanyatsohuongorora, chiremba anotsanangura murwere chii parutivi migumisiro cytostatics kukonzera, chii uye kana zvichibvira kuzvidzivisa.

nemishonga

chirwere muitiro vanofanira kusimbisa kuvapo munhu ane chirwere chakakomba kurapwa runodiwa cytostatics. Side migumisiro zvinodhaka izvi zviri kuratidzwa pachena kwazvo, havana chete havaratidzi akashivirira nevarwere, asi takura ngozi dzoutano hwevanhu. Nemamwe mashoko, kugamuchira zvinodhaka cytotoxic - nguva dzose mukana hombe, asi oncology uye autoimmune zvirwere, ngozi yokusava kurapwa kupfuura mukana zvichiita divi Migumisiro zvinodhaka.

The chikuru divi mugumisiro cytostatics ndiro dzayo kunambwa mumwongo saka yose hematopoietic hurongwa. With kushandiswa nguva refu, iyo kazhinji zvaida ari kurapa kenza uye namamota, uye autoimmune urongwa, zvichida kukura neleukemia.

Asi kunyange kana ropa kenza zvinogona kudziviswa, kushandura Zvinoumba ropa zvinototi zviite chimwe kushanda zvose hurongwa. Kana yakawedzera viscosity ropa, itsvo vanokanganiswa, sezvo glomerular Kamudzira nhema huru mutoro, zvokuti vanogona sousingabatsiri.

Munguva negashiro cytostatics vazvigadzirire wechigarire murombo utano. Varwere waipfuura nzira yokurapa neboka iri, cherechedza kugara kunzwa simba, hope, kutadza kuisa pfungwa pane basa. Pakati vanhuwo zvichemo zvinosanganisira nemusoro, izvo chipo dzichimhanya uye nepaburi kudziviswa analgesics.

Women munguva kurapwa inowanzopiwa atarisana kutyorwa kumwedzi uye nekusagona pamuviri.

Zvirwere zviri zvomudumbu ino kunoratidzwa sezvo svoto uye manyoka. Kazhinji izvi zvinoita kuti chido kukurambidza zvokudya ake uye kuderedza uwandu zvokudya yaunodya, izvo zvinozoita kunotungamirira neanorexia.

Not utano, asi zvinoitika divi Migumisiro cytostatic zvinodhaka bvudzi kurasikirwa mumusoro uye muviri. Pashure kugumiswa kosi, sezvo mutemo, bvudzi kukura Tinoenderera mberi.

On hwaro ichi, zvinokwanisika kusimbisa kuti mhinduro yomubvunzo wokuti cytostatics - chii, rine mashoko kwete chete pamusoro zvakanakira iyi mhando zvinodhaka, asi yakakwirira panjodzi kuti utano uye zvakanaka kuva nenguva kushandisirwa.

Rubvumo mitemo cytostatics

Zvakakosha kunzwisisa kuti cytostatic ine rakananga kukanganisa basa zvirwere, zvichivhiringidza nayo. Naizvozvo, panguva kosi munhu anova kubatwa chirwere chipi.

Kuti hutachiwana, unofanira kutevedza kuchengeteka matanho kwete kuonekwa munzvimbo yakakura kuwanda vanhu, vanopfeka unodzivirira gauze bhandiji uye kushandisa nzira yomunzvimbomo antivirus kudzivirira (oxolinic mafuta) kudzivisa hypothermia. Kana chirwere ari kufema chirwere uchiripo, unofanira kutsvaka kurapwa nokukurumidza.

How kuderedza marwadzo?

mushonga ano zvinoita kurerutsa kwokuomerwa nemishonga zvichiitika varwere kugamuchira zvinodhaka cytotoxic. zvinodhaka Special kuti adzikatidza gag dzepanguva muuropi kuti zvigoneke kuramba hwandaiva ezvinhu utano uye kuita panguva kurapwa.

Kazhinji, hwendefa chinobviswa mangwanani, zvino inokurudzirwa kuwedzera kunwira muoti kusvika 2 litres mvura pazuva. Cytostatics runonyanya yabudiswa nokuda netsvo, naizvozvo nezvimedu anogona kugadzirisa kuti munyama ari dundira, ichipa kunovhiringidza. A yakawanda Urume yaunodya uye kakawanda voiding runoita kuderedza kwokuomerwa divi Migumisiro cytostatic zvinodhaka pamusoro dundira. Kunyanya kukosha kunyatsoongorora zviri dundira ndisati ndarara.

Surveys panguva kurapwa

Rubvumo cytostatics kunoda nguva kuzviongorora muviri. Not asingasviki kamwe pamwedzi, murwere unofanira kupfuura miedzo kuratidza kubudirira itsvo, chitaka, ropa hurongwa:

• CBC;
• ropa kemesitiri nenhanho creatinine, alt uye AST;
• mumwe kuongorora zvizere weti;
• kuyera CRP.

Saka, achiziva zvose akakodzera mashoko ari pamusoro chii chinodiwa cytostatics, chii, chii mhando zvinodhaka uye sei kuti kuitora, unogona kuverenga pamusoro yakanaka fungidziro kurapa kenza uye autoimmune zvirwere.