Dzidziso Vernadsky nezvemweya biosphere

pfungwa Scientific pamusoro peshoko mhenyu, dzidziso Vernadsky kuti biosphere uye noosphere, midzi pfungwa kwouzivi kuburikidza iyo nevafungi vazhinji vakaedza kunzwisisa Chiitiko choupenyu uye nzvimbo murume wake sezvo rinonyatsooneka nezera rayo. Kutanga Darwin, ari shanduka pfungwa vava nhangaruvanze kuti nouchapupu reorientation pamafungiro. Kudivi rimwe, vanhu vanobatanidzwa kwokupedzisira kumhanya nokuda nyore upenyu siyana kwakabatana dzinoverengeka kufanana kukura, pane dzimwe - yake ushingiwo run shanduka zviroto vakatanga kuvhura kusingaenzaniswi horizons.

Vernadsky pachake kamwe yakaratidza kuti kutsvaka nzvimbo kutaurirana chaizvo kuwedzera kukosha pfungwa idzi nokuda uzivi nguva yake, iyo wakaratidzwa mabasa nevafungi akadai Bergson uye NF Fedorov.

Zivisa muvambi biogeochemistry nepfungwa muzivi French Henri Bergson - zvakadaro, iro Vernadsky akanyora, achinongedza kukosha chaizvo uzivi kuti kwesainzi. Hauzoti musungwa dzisiri kana rondedzero dzokufungidzira dzinowanzoguma hurongwa hune, musayendisiti vakawana zvinokosha manyuko yemberi kukura nesayenzi.

Mu "Creative Evolution" Bergson yakatanga pfungwa randinogara mune chokwadi chokuti upenyu sezvo vakadaro, chinhu chinokosha muupenyu, uye ayo nekutumirwa kwemauto kwacho vachida yepasi pose zvivako, chinjwa zvinorwisana mauto. pfungwa idzi dzaiva pedyo zvikuru musayendisiti wokuRussia uye kuti vakatanga kuumba dzidziso Vernadsky kuti biosphere. Kuti Bergson sainzi wokutanga akaisa dambudziko rwomuviri kusiyana nguva "mhenyu" pahwaro nesayenzi, zvakanga kwakasimbiswa Vernadsky.

Vernadsky vangasimudzira akaramba nzira chaivo mutana kuferefeta, iyo yakavakirwa tsvakurudzo determinant nokuti, munyika yake pfungwa, kana ichi kusvika uye aiziva simba kwezvakatipoteredza panyaya mupenyu, aisagona kupindura mubvunzo nezvokuva paumbwe ichi chaizvo mhoteredzo.

Zvine basa vanhu nokuyerwa Vernadsky anova nzvimbo kuunganidza rokusika pfungwa simba, kushingaira kushandura hunhu. Vernadsky akasimbisa kuti pfungwa yake haisi itsva, utopian yokusvika inowanikwa dzidziso Karl Kessler uye P. A. Kropotkina, uye gare gare pfungwa Fedorov, uyo akauya pedyo kunzwisisa fuma iyi sezvo biosphere.

Zvisinei, kuramba precondition kusika pfungwa yacho noosphere masayendisiti - kudiwa kuziva kubatana nevanhu. Sezvo akanyora Vernadsky, kuti biosphere ari kwakajairika mupfungwa hakusi kusvikira vanhu vane tsika dudziro. Panguva iyoyowo, pfungwa kubatana kwevanhu, kuenzana uye Fraternity, chete anoshumira tsika hwaro rumwe rutivi, uye pane dzimwe - vavariro kuti vatungamirire masayendisiti yakasiyana zvachose maonero enyika uye pezvakasikwa, kuchizvarwa mavambo.

Murayiro wechitatu, riri midzi dzidziso Vernadsky pamusoro biosphere, uye zvinoita kuti kukura mirayiridzo iyi dzesayenzi - a "massification" evanhu uye nhoroondo upenyu. Uye pakupedzisira, chii chaiva chinangwa zvimiso kukurudzira dzidziso noosphere - zvakasikwa kukura sayenzi, ayo kushanduka kuva simba guru kupfuura iri noosphere.

Vernadsky akatanga ruzivo rwesayenzi, ndiko muboka rinokosha - the noosphere, iro rinorondedzerwa so yesayenzi pfungwa, inova inogadzirwa shanduka kwenyaya mupenyu uye muitiro yemhindumupindu ichi hazvigoni akamira. Maererano Vernadsky, iyo potency mumwe kukura kwakadaro anenge risingaperi, uye nekuti pfungwa yesayenzi uye mutsika rinova determinant okukura kwevanhu, inozotevera nzira kuzadziswa kwayo "yose sezvakaita" kureva nzira mishumo yose biosphere uye vanhu.

Zvinofadza kuti pfungwa dzakadaro vakauya dzidziso Vernadsky pamusoro biosphere pamusoro avaida Yechipiri World War, hwakamubvumira kuratidza pachena uchapupu kuti ruzivo mune zvesayenzi, sezvo simba noosphere-kusika, anogona kushanda nemauto rima, antinoosfernym zvakasikwa. Humanistic dambudziko remakore nemakore maviri, maererano VI Vernadsky, waitwa itsva Kutarira mibvunzo chokuvapo uye kutaurirana pfungwa uye yepanyama zvakatipoteredza.

pfungwa yacho noosphere kwayo mutsika wakachena chete anogona kuunza vanhu kuti nzira okukura, kare kuti pezvakasikwa. Pfungwa iyi ndiwo musimboti, iyo substantiates ari universalism izvi zvinoshamisa chakajairika, sei inomira dzidziso Vernadsky pamusoro biosphere. Chete kuvapo tichishingaira-shanduka kufunga, yake pfungwa, izvo akatanga kuumba muchayamwa vachangobva, negore regumi namapfumbamwe remakore, anopa munhu ane Vector wokuzvidzora kufungisisa zvakasikwa - kunzwisisa pachavo sezvo achiziva uye rokusika, kushingaira "kuwedzera", ane chinangwa hakusi chete uye kwete sezvo kushandurwa zvakasikwa zvakatipoteredza, sezvo kushandurwa yezvakaita vayo.