Early nhetembo pamusoro Mayakovsky: features, mavambo

Early Mayakovsky kuti nhetembo (nhetembo "Port", "Night", "pano iwe uri!", Nezvimwewo) runoonekwa kuva huru dzinotambudza Fani iri nounyanzvi XX remakore. Pakati mabasa ake Mitambo uye nhetembo, kutsoropodza essays, yokunyora nokudhirowa, vanodhirowa, satirical mabasa. Mayakovsky kwakaita ukuru nhema dzake zvinoyevedza unhu, zvaakatadzisa nokuenzanisa chakavanzika unyanzvi wokufananidzira uye mitemo yacho. Iye nounyanzvi vaiva peni munyori wenyaya uye rokupenda wacho bhurasho. Zvisinei, mune vanhu pfungwa Mayakovsky akapinda somunhu mudetembi ichikosha yepakutanga evanhu chimurenga. Mabasa ake iye rinoburitsa kiyi nyaya uye zviitiko nguva yake.

Kupandukira pakutanga nhetembo kuti Mayakovsky

Pamabasa ake, munyori kukabatanidzwa dzakasiyana-siyana achishandisa. Ndivo manzwi simba iyoyo. Yaiva nguva yokugadzirira uye kuzadziswa mushandi-murimi mudiki chimurenga. Mabasa anogona kuonekwa paakaita zvezvinotaurwa enzaniso, madimikira. The uremu uye simba mutinhimira rechirume pamwe journalistic kutsva. Lyrical gamba kuti Mayakovsky vepakutanga nhetembo kuteterera vakawanda vateereri. Munyori unowanzonzi "Tribune." Enzanisa izvi mumabasa ake pane zvakawanda.

Somuenzaniso, muna nhetembo "Kupwanya Kunyarara", izvo vaiona kukuru zvakadini wokupedzisira, iye anozviti "bawl-mutungamiriri," "agitator". Chokwadi, rine chokwadi vayo. Zvisinei, kuderedza mangwanani lyric nhetembo Mayakovsky chete kutambudza uye isina mhinduro kuteterera kuruzhinji kwaizova kwakaipa. Nemabasa kurondwa zvakajeka zvikuru uye norudo kuzivisa, uye yakanaka hunhu achisekerera uye anopedza ndyaringo. Pane mavari uye kusuruvara, zvichiratidza kwouzivi. Early nhetembo pamusoro Mayakovsky, muchidimbu, riri kudenga nepanyika. Hazvina siyana mune Genre nemashoko, siyana intonational mamiriro.

Mayakovsky: pasi mifananidzo nyika yacho mangwanani nyanduri lyric

Chaizvoizvo pamusoro penhaka netarenda nemunyori anotaurwa nguva yake Lunacharsky. Kunzwa detembo "About kuti", akataura kuti aitoziva, uye pashure pokuteerera bvuma kuti Mayakovsky - youpfu Lyricist, kunyange zvazvo achiziva haisi nguva dzose. Muvambi pfuma iyi pamwe agitators ayo, oratorical unyanzvi. Lyrics kazhinji kuonekwa sechinhu mifananidzo okuti nyika Nyanduri yomukati. Zvinoratidza chinzvimbo chayo mune imwe kana imwe nguva. Chokwadi, nyika chinangwa zvinhu hunoonekwa lyrical nhetembo kuburikidza nezvakaitika munyori wavo. Events uye zviitiko havawanzosarudzi kupinda mabasa pakarepo uye yakananga mufananidzo. Vari chisimbiso kuti maitiro mupfungwa kuti kuti munyori. Ndizvo nhetembo kuti Mayakovsky vokutanga.

Poems zvinogona yakatsaurirwa dzakasiyana-siyana mananara - rudo, kana hondo pakati makirasi, kukurukurirana nezvechinangwa mifananidzo kana nzendo kumwe. Nhoroondo zviitiko zviri zvakabatana chaizvo nemashoko okuti manzwiro uye pfungwa munyori, achiratidza yake "I". Pfungwa uye manzwiro regai chete kupa chaiwo mupfungwa okugadzira zvinhu. The unyanzvi nyika yokutanga nhetembo pakati Mayakovsky kunoratidzwa kwavo nomufananidzo upenyu mananara, enyika zviitiko. The mupfungwa zvinoriumba aripo ari yokushatirwa uye kugadzirwa ounyanzvi. Hakusi kuwedzerera kuziva kuti lyricism mabasa sezvo vabatane uye zvose zvapararira simba ari nyanduri nebasa, unogona kuonekwa kunyange mabasa kuti zvayakaita asina chokuita lyric.

The dzinopikisana yezvakaita munyori

Pasinei pamberi lyricism mu nhetembo Mayakovsky kazhinji vanoipikisa. Izvi Somuenzaniso, unogona kuonekwa mubasa "reJubheri", apo anotaura nezve omumwe achitungamirirwa "utsinye." Polemically-noutsinye maitiro, Zvichakadai, anomhanyira kuburikidza ose nemunyori. Zvikurukuru dzenyoka chimiro, izvozvo ikasakendenga rudo dingindira. In yemunyori mabasa anogona kurondwa kusagutsikana pamwe chinyakare mikana kuzvidzora kuwanikidza. Constant kutsvaka, chido kuwedzera miganhu okugadzira zvinhu - pfungwa dzinokosha kuti ndizvo mangwanani nhetembo kuti Mayakovsky. The kunyora chero basa zvaida nzvimbo pfungwa.

The mupfungwa zvinoriumba

Zvose zvakaitika muupenyu hwangu, akamutsa vaneshungu kufarira munyori. Akanga rinokosha pakunzwisisa zviitiko. Chero zvinoitika muupenyu hwako, kunyange panguva yakawanda kure naye, akatora sezvo yake, ropa, mumwe zvikuru yaimunetsa. Exclusive munyori mupfungwa pavakanzwa mananara aigona kufanira kupinda zvetsika lyrical siyana. Iye aida nzvimbo mashoko. Topics Lyrics Mayakovsky vepakutanga vane siyana. Anonyora pamusoro upenyu, rudo, zvematongerwo enyika, uye nhoroondo. izvi zvose hariwaniki mabasa ake ave kumashure kure. chiitiko mumwe nenzira imwe kana imwe nzvimbo youpenyu chinhu chinokosha nyaya basa.

Early Mayakovsky kuti nhetembo - iri mirayiridzo hutsva nokuti remakore rechimakumi maviri. Iye, kusiyana naye zvapfuura, zvikuru akafukidza magariro uye enyika chokwadi.

kutanga

Early zvakakwana, Mayakovsky akafarirawo pachivande echimurenga mabasa. Kufanana nevamwe nhengo pachivande vazhinji, iye akabatwa mujeri 11 months ari Butyrskaya mujeri, ndoga. Njodzi Nyanduri vakasarudza Stolypin. Rakanga riri mirairo yake musungwa akasunungurwa. Paaigara mujeri Mayakovsky kuverenga zvakawanda. Asunungurwa, akanzwa vaneshungu chido kushanda unyanzvi. Aida kuti pave mugovanisi negwara. Somugumisiro, Mayakovsky akapinda Moscow School of mapurani, chivezwa uye kupenda. Kubva nguva akanga yakati akarasika kufarira echimurenga hondo. Munguva nokudzidziswa, akasangana neboka duku vadetembi uye vemifananidzo. Ivo pachavo akadana creators ari art ramangwana - Futurists. izvi zvose munzira chaiyo kukanganiswa yokutanga lyric Mayakovsky.

mabasa Specificity

Properties mangwanani acho kuna Mayakovsky uremu Genre idzodzo zvikuru mutinhimira, kuenzanisa kunoshamisa varaidzo mifananidzo. The yakapoteredza chokwadi kuti munyori anooneka somunhu muviri mupenyu, izvo anovenga, anoda, semurume. Nyanduri rinoita nyika chaiyo:

"The machira akanga mvura pasi nedumbu.
Vakabvarura kuchizunguzira chena zino.
Paiva chemai ane nyere - akafanana Lily
rudo uye ruchiva chete pombi emhangura. "

Artwork unoshamisa wemishonga zvetsika unconnected urongwa zvakaumbwa pemitsara. Inoita zvakasimba pfungwa. Early Mayakovsky kuti nhetembo angabvuma kana vanga-, asi mashizha hapana hanya.

varaidzo

Pamabasa ake, munyori pave wakajeka, chisingakanganwiki mifananidzo. Kunyanya kuoneka zvakajeka nhetembo akadai "Port", "Mambakwedza", "Zvingaita here?". Author zvakanaka richibatanidza pamwe zvachose siyana pfungwa. Nemhaka imwe zvinoshamisa yakarurama kubereka, kushandiswa shamhu vakamboona Mayakovsky nenzira chisingatarisirwi yorusvingo, mitsetse nomusoro, chinopinda mundangariro dzangu. Munyori rinoratidza "adische guta" apo hapana rufaro uye mufaro. Kusuwa uye rinorema nzvimbo "yakatsva Quarter", "bhiza makakombama", "muzvitoro umambo." On migwagwa "trams vakaneta", zuva pakuvira kwezuva sokuti kune munyori , "iyo inotevedzera ziso," mhepo sokuti kwakakwidibira uye ngozi. City smothers uye constrains mudetembi, achihudana chinosemesa.

chiitiko chinosuwisa chaizvo

Early Mayakovsky kuti nhetembo rizere nokusuwa, kutambura, manzwiro. Izvi zvinooneka mubasa iri "I". The Musoro kusurukirwa kunoratidza pacharo nesimba zvakasiyana yaro mundima dzakasiyana-siyana: "Ndiri ndaneta," "Teerera", "Giveaway", etc. In basa "sei muchitonhorera" munyori rinoreva zvakatipoteredza, mashoko ake akazara kurwadziwa mupfungwa .:

"Zvino ichi,
sezvo ndiri,
poked kupi?
Where ndakachengeterwa the? "

rudo

Kunyange naye Mayakovsky gamba anowana ruponeso. Ari kuita kuti misoro, pfungwa huru - nokuti zvishoma, haana kubvumirana. Akawana rudo rwakadaro, gamba harimiri kuva mufaro uye kusurukirwa. Manzwiro ake kuva vakasvibiswa uye haasi kundiremekedza pasi pokudzora pfuma ukama. Somuenzaniso, muna nhetembo "A Cloud mu Trousers" kufarira gamba anoramba, vachisarudza havo kubudirira yavaFiristia. A zvakafanana kweshoko kunogona kuonekwa nhetembo "The Man". chigadzirwa ichi atengesa tenzi vose vanodiwa, asi akawana chinhu nyanduri. Munyori rinogumisa kuti rudo rwechokwadi hakuna nzvimbo yakaipa chokwadi.

chikonzero

Mayakovsky kwakaita lyrical gamba anotsvaka kukunda kusurukirwa. Anoenda kuna vanhu, iye nepaanogona kwaari, ndichitarisira kuwana rutsigiro rwavo uye tsitsi. Nokuti varume, shoko romutsa, akagadzirira kupa zvose upfumi hwavo hwomudzimu. Asi zvichava kumirira rakadzika mwoyo iye hapana ainzwisisa, hapana anoda. Zvinonzi takapoteredzwa faceless revanhu. Lyrical gamba uye ane zvinonyadzisa features, mune zvimwe zviitiko, kunyange yokutsoropodza.. Saka, yake basa "mashoko omutsa pano uye chii uori" izvozvo "wokupemberera 'simba mari," achiseka "yokushanda vanhu," anogamuchira "vanobhejera uye racketeers. Saka akaratidza kutsoropodza ake dzokushamisira kuti inovanza marwadzo dzakaipisisa ndyaringo kwechokwadi. chifukidzo Ndiro munyori anoisa nekuti mukuru mwoyo, kurukutika wokusagadzikana, zvombo pamwe philistinism, "hulk" zvakaipa.

zvinhu sezvazviri

Early Mayakovsky kuti nhetembo rizere nezvinetso zvamagariro. mabasa ake nheyo ounyanzvi, akagadzirirwa zvavo. It munyori "roughened" Yokudzidza. Mabasa akabatanidza rem uye pachedu mifananidzo. It anotaura pamusoro nyanduri hapana chokuita Futurists. In mabasa muduku munyori vakaziva musimboti materiality, zvinhu sezvazviri. Abstract iwayo uye pfungwa tinoshandurirwa zvaioneka, vanooneka, zvechokwadi. Reification ane nemabasa pakuva humanist hunhu. Mabasa anogona kuonekwa kuti pakanga pasina Futurists - social kugutsikana.

nemagariro ukama

Mayakovsky kwazvo akaparidza unyanzvi hutsva. Iye kunyange aida kukanda Pushkin uye dzimwe Classics kubva "chikepe modernity". Zvisinei, kuongorora musimboti wenyika mabasa Mayakovsky, unogona kuronda nyore chokuita Russian netsika, zvinoti satire Nekrasov, Saltykov-Shchedrin. Munyori yakatevera dzenhoroondo mabhuku tsika. Akanyanya zvakajeka mumwe kuwirirana nemabasa Nekrasov, umo kiyi nzvimbo yaigarwa mufananidzo capitalist guta. Humanistic pathos okugadzira zvinhu Mayakovsky chokufananidza Gorky mabhuku. Saka pachena panyaya iyi musoro nhetembo "The Man". Zvisinei, chinhu chikuru kuti unounza munyori kuti Classics - iri raiitirwa nhetembo, Kugamuchira zvayo ano chaiyo.

yakaoma pathos

Prerevolutionary mudetembi lyric ine chokuita nhetembo uye anoshumira sumo kwairi. In mabasa pemitongo kweshoko aripo. The Musoro "vanhu uye nyanduri" ane nzvimbo nechepakati chinzvimbo acho. World The First wava chinokosha dambudziko vakawanda chaiko uye hwokudhirowa kufamba. Akaratidza mavara avo wechokwadi, akaratidza mafungiro yezvokwadi zvinodiwa rudzi, zvinodiwa nevanhu. Kupindura detembo rake "Hondo uye Rugare" pakutanga hondo, Mayakovsky enyika chenjera Anoongorora ayo imperialist hunhu. Basa munyori rakatanga kukura kutsoropodza pathos. inzwi rake akadana chimurenga, vaishora imperialist kunourayiwa. Izvi zvinooneka mumabasa akadai "Napoleon uye Me", "Iwe!" uye vamwe.

Dambudziko kuvapo kwevanhu

dingindira iri inorondedzerwa zvakajeka zvikuru mashoko orwiyo Mayakovsky. Anotaura nezvokuvapo murume pasi capitalism, zamu vanotsigira nemuvengi waro. Mudetembi pamabasa ake anoratidza gadziriro dehumanization uye manzwiro vanhu pachavo, kuita sechinhu chinokosha Bourgeois vanhu. Munyori rinofumura falsity Acmeists inoratidza kuti zvinhu, decoration hunhu yekutarisira yavo. nhetembo pamusoro "zvakakodzwa Sytina" zvakanga pamusoro Bourgeois nyika, "tweeted zvihuta" vadetembi, nyanzvi, acolytes kuti "maperembudzi nyuchi" - capitalist guta.

Munyori rinoti vanhu kirasi kutadzisa akanaka uye simba kubva hunhu wemunhu. Pamabasa ake, akaratidza pachena kuvenga Vadzvinyiriri uye rudo evanhu neyakaoma, varanda, evarombo, yakaunyana izvi hurongwa. Iye inomirira kuwedzera pfungwa dzevanhu. The capitalist Hurongwa rinoshora vanhu kuti zvokunyama kutsakatika. Naizvozvo vainyatsoziva, nokuumba mufananidzo vanomumukira gamba. The vachinetsana kwezvakatipoteredza hwaiva kutanga kuva patsanura kubva pachaunga, ipapo anotanga kuva zvakawanda mumagariro vaifarira.

Nokufamba kwokungosimbisa magariro uye zvematongerwo vavariro mubasa rake munyori ari mberi kubva zvetsika pakati Futurists. In iyi pachena chaizvo kusiyana turakiti "Iwe!" uye zvinobikwa "Nate!". Wokutanga rakanyorwa makore rimwe nehafu pashure yechipiri. Nhetembo "Nate!" kunonyadzisa Mafungiro Mayakovsky rinoratidza boka revanhu. It kunoratidzwa chete chinoonekwa chemunhu zviratidzo. The turakiti "Iwe!" dzinoratidzwa enyika raidudzwa nechimiro chokureva. Pano, munyori rinofumura munhu ari mumugwagwa hakusi yakadaro, asi vaya vanotsvaka kubatsirwa kubva kuhondo.