Famous hadzi Mutungamiri

Mukadzi nesimba munyika yanhasi, hapana munhu vachashamiswa. Asi zvinokosha kuti pazvinovaratidza mapeji enhau, uye tichaona kuti mumazuva kure nguva yedu, wakanaka pabonde vaiva musoro ehurumende uye vakabudirira kurarama nayo. Ko zita Mambokadzi weShebha, Cleopatra, Marii Medichi, kana Catherine Guru ...

More zvinoshamisa yokuti chipo muvanhu nevanhu kunoreva norupokano mumiririri munhukadzi simba.

Nyaya ino ndeyeZvapupu muverengi chii nyika President - mukadzi, uye zvinofadza zvine chokuita vakadzi izvi.

satsukuduka mapurezidhendi

Pari kuti yakanyorwa munhoroondo yenyika kuti mukadzi purezidhendi akapinda muhofisi uye nguva-matatu namashanu. Pakarepo munokosha panotaurwa kuti nhamba iyi haibatanidzi Prime Minister, mukuru-regents, hurumende vashumiri, magavhuna mukuru, ane nzvimbo munyika dzakasiyana vari kwaenzaniswa musoro wehurumende.

Mumwe wavo iye kushanda gumi vakuru vari vakadzi. Saizvozvowo, maviri navatatu vamiriri havana kugara this post.

mutungamiri munhukadzi wokutanga akasarudzwa muna kure Argentina muna 1974. Zvakava Isabel Martinez of Perón. Zvisinei, izvi handizvo kusarudza nevoruzhinji. Isabel akashanda se mutevedzeri womutungamiriri pasi pomurume wake Juan Perón. Saizvozvowo, pashure porufu rwake, iye yaibva akava musoro nyika. Zvisinei, iye akanga ane rutsigiro zvinoshamisa kubva kumapati zhinji, kutengeserana mibatanidzwa, uyewo hondo dzose. Vakazodzingwa Isabel akanga nevapanduki.

Purezidhendi wokutanga hadzi munyika uye wechipiri munyika - uyu Vigdis Finnbogadottir. Akava musoro Iceland uye vakabata this post kuti mazwi mana, kubva wechishanu akaramba. policies Its zvikuru kusiyana zvapfuura ndivo, sezvo vakawanda nguva yake Vigdis rwakabhadharwa kuna kukura mutauro yenyika uye akasiyana nemamwe Icelandic tsika.

Women Tourism havasi kutanga basa ravo pamwe zvematongerwo enyika. Somuenzaniso, musoro cheMarita Agatha Barbara (1982-1987 gg.) Aiva pakutanga mudzidzisi chikoro nyore.

Korason Akino - President of Philippines kubva muna 1986 kusvika 1992 - hakuzofadzi kuita zvematongerwo enyika. Aiva amai vemba, mai nevana vashanu. Asi mamiriro ezvinhu akamukurira kupindira munyaya wehurumende. Murume wake, munhu akakurumbira enyika, aiva nhengo kushorwa kuzviremera. Akasungwa uye kudzingwa munyika, uye kana iwe kuedza kudzokera - vakaurayiwa. Pashure zvinosuwisa izvi Corazon akatsigira pakuchiva kwayo uye oedza kutora pamusoro semutungamiri. Iye zvinobudirira akamhanya nyika, pasinei dzakawanda kubvuta masimba kuedza (kanomwe makore maviri!).

In Guyana, waivawo yayo yokutanga mukadzi mutungamiri. The US aiva kwayo nzvimbo yechizvarirwo, mune mutsinga ropa yevaJudha musoro wangu - pfungwa Marxism. Zita rake raiva Dzhanet Dzhagan. Iye ndokutora pamusoro sezvo musoro wehurumende pashure pokufa kwake murume cheddi Jagan. Zvinokosha kucherechedza kuti asati kuti aiva chiremba wemazino, uye iye - somukoti.

Kazhinji dzeVatungamiri vakadzi nyika havasi ndangotanga kupinda kuburikidza enyika nzira. Dzimwe nguva muenzaniso wevabereki vavo vakakurudzirwa (Megawati Sukarnoputri, Indonesia), dzimwe nguva - journalistic basa (Rute Dreifuss, Switzerland), asi mumwe munhu akaenda ichi nokungwaririra, vachirwira kodzero dzavo (Tarja Halonen, Finland).

Aripo mukadzi mutungamiri. Liberia

Ellen Johnson-Sirleaf akashanda se musoro wehurumende kubva 2005. Akava mumiririri naka pabonde wokutanga yakadaro yepamusoro pakati vakuru dzomuAfrica. Zvisinei, zvingava kudana simba kutoti anopenga. Helen voruzhinji anozivikanwa somutungamiriri simba kwake uye ndakatsunga.

Helen kudzidza Harvard, akabva adzokera Liberia uye akazova mubatsiri Gurukota Finance. Muna 1980 iye akatora pambiru pachayo. Iyi yakanga zvakaoma kuti basa rake rive mukadzi akapomerwa embezzlement ehurumende uye kudzingwa munyika, iyo akakwanisa kudzoka chete muna 1997.

In sarudzo 1997 Helen - purezidhendi mumiriri. Mukadzi akakwanisa kuunganidza chete 10% of vhoti. kukundwa Izvi havazunguzuke kutenda kwake pachake, uye iye akaita mumwe kuedza muna 2005. Vazhinji vavhoti vakasarudza kuti Johnson-Sirleaf - purezidhendi mutsva munyika.

Chile

The chete mukadzi mutungamiri munhau yacho - ndiye Michelle Bachelet. Nhasi ndiro izwi dzake gavhuna ave musoro wehurumende wechipiri. Kufanana kekutanga (muna 2006), iye akasarudzwa nevanhu kumhedziso ruzhinji.

mhuri Michelle vakatambura chaizvo kubva Pinochet udzvinyiriri. baba vake akanga asungwa zvaari chokwadi muchiuto yake basa, rakanga riri parutivi mutongi pamutemo. In mhedziso, akafa. Michel naamai vake, vakasungwawo pasi eerie akatambudzwa sezvo vatengesi. Raiva chishamiso vakakwanisa kusununguka kubva munyika. Kwenguva vaigara Australia uye German Democratic Republic.

Muna 1979, Bachelet akadzokera kumba, akapiwa vanachiremba dhigirii kubva paYunivhesiti Chile, uye akashanda kwenguva refu nguva iri muchipatara chevana.

Her rezvematongerwe akatanga muna 1990, apo iye akanga achiparidza chokuenda World Health Organization. Makore mana gare gare, akatambira pambiru Muushumiri. Muna 2000 akava gurukota Health, uye muna 2002 (Kuwedzera) - Gurukota Kudzivirira, kuti mukadzi chaizvo kujairika.

Panguva yake yokutanga izwi zvaikosheswa ndiwo: mudyandigere kuchinja uye munzanga nokuchengeteka murombo mhuri.

Vasapinda yechipiri rokuti, Michelle yakatsviriridza rokudzidzisa kuchinja, achivimbisa kuti dzidzo vakasununguka. Uyewo, mumwe kupfuura dzinokosha pamusoro izvo hurumende inoshandira 2014 - pakurwisa kusaruramisira.

Bachelet haina kuroorwa. Iye ane vana vatatu.

Argentina

Mukadzi purezidhendi Argentina - Cristina Fernandez of Kirchner. Iye anga ari muhofisi kubva 2007.

Christina Madzitateguru vaiva vatama vachibva Spain uye Volga eGermany. Akaberekwa muna La Plata muna 1953. Iye kungokangaidzwa enyika apo kudzidza payunivhesiti, kuti munoreva - pashure musangano murume wake ramangwana, Nestor, uyo chaibatanidzwa kukuru rworuboshwe kufamba.

Iye kudzidza rorusununguko Mutemo, pashure iyo vaviri (vakaroora muna 1975) vakaenda Santa Cruz, apo iye akavhura hofisi mutemo.

Christine kutanga enyika basa wake panguva musarudzo mukupera 1980s. Akava gavhuna weruwa, uye ndiko - nhengo zvemitemo peungano.

Kutsigira mudzimai musarudzo, Cristina, uye iye aiziva kuti chinokwezva zvakawanda voruzhinji kutarisirwa. Saka kana murume wake izwi apedza uye akaramba kumhanya zvakare somunhu mumiriri nominated Christine.

Mudzimba mutemo, Christina vakabata mitemo rinokosha, akadai kurambidzwa kusvuta paruzhinji, kuti kunyoreswa zviri pamutemo kuti ungochani muchato, kuti nationalization dzakavandika mudyandigere mari uye zvichingodaro.

Foreign negwaro akanga nechinangwa panguva Kudzikamiswa ukama nedzimwe nyika. Zvisinei, vamwe vanoona nokunzwisisa uye asingagoni Argentine mukadzi mutungamiri. The US uye UK havasi noushamwari vatungamiriri Latin America nguva dzose. With wokutanga mamiriro kunetsana kwakaitika muna 2007 (nyaya muzvinabhizimisi Antonini Wilson), uye yechipiri - muna 2010, apo nyika mbiri havana kukwanisa kuwana mhinduro pamusoro British kugadzirwa mafuta nemhenderekedzo Argentina (chaipo, nharo Falkland Islands).

Mukadzi purezidhendi Argentina, Cristina Fernández rakasiyana vazvo haisi chete mafungiro, asiwo manyorero. Anogara vachipfeka shangu dzakakwirira uye naka outfits. Kanopfuura kamwe, iye akataura kuti kunotenga iri kwayo.

Murume wake afa muna 2010, Christine akaita mhiko kupfeka kuchema uye kubva aonekwa pachena chete madhirezi dema.

Brazil

Mukadzi purezidhendi nyika World Third kazhinji nokuda mberi maonero avo vaitambudzwa. dambudziko iri harisi akapfuura uye musoro kuBrazil Dilma Rousseff.

Akatanga kuita zvematongerwo enyika kubvira 1964, apo paiva zvemauto akabvuta chigaro. The musikana aiva nemakore gumi nemanomwe chete okuberekwa. Asi zvino majini aiva zvazviri, nekuti baba Dilma vake, Peter, hwaibatanidzwawo mune zvematongerwo enyika munyika yake kumusha (muBulgaria), asi kutiza nokuda ngozi kuupenyu.

Makore mashomanana Dilma aiva akavanda, kutsigira masangano zvombo kuti vaende kunorwisa uto udzvinyiriri.

Muna 1970, akanga akasungwa kwemakore maviri uye ari musungwa. Iye aiva ruzivo, kunyange dzemagetsi ukapisa murwi. Kubva mujeri akabva yakasiyana zvachose munhu, ibvai anotyisa zviitiko, akagamuchira dhigirii dzezvoupfumi, akazobereka mwanasikana kubva kumurume wake (kutsigira paumbwe echimurenga).

Dilma akava mumwe havaoni reDemocratic Labor Party. Asi mukupera kuma1990 vakaenda veboka kushanda vanhu, ane maonero okunyanyisa. Muna 2003, akava Minister of Energy pasi President da Silva, uye zvikamu pokutarisira kwake muna 2005.

Makore mashanu akazotevera, Dilma akaisa mberi candidacy raro utungamiriri munyika. Muna musarudzo, iye akapikira kugadzirisa matambudziko akawanda, kusanganisira:

• Patinoita enyika uye agrarian kuchinja;
• kutsigira rusaruraganda quotas uye rusununguko rwokunamata;
• kuti kunyoreswa zviri pamutemo muchato pakati ungochani vanhu;
• abolition rufu mutongo;
• ari abolition kuti kunyoreswa zviri pamutemo kwezvinodhaka nyoro.

Republic of Korea

Vanhukadzi mapurezidhendi vari dzimwe nguva vanotambura ngozi. Asi mutungamiri Korea Park Geun-Hye, zvichida aigadzirira chinhu. Aifanira kutsungirira nezvorufu vabereki vavo. baba vake, Pak Chọn Hi, aiva purezidhendi, uye panguva imwe kuedza hwake hwakanga zvokufa akapfura amai. Pashure pokufa wako romusoro mabasa wokutanga Mudzimai ari mwanasikana wake mukuru. Naizvozvo, Park Geun-Hye pakutanga kuziva chii zvematongerwo enyika, izvo zvichaita kuti kutarisana.

Makore mashanu pashure pokufa mai vake, uye akarasikirwa baba vake, uyo akanga chigaro muna 1979.

Kwemakore anoverengeka, kutanga muna 1998, akamhanya kuti paramende uye akagamuchira chigaro yeparamende. Asi akatora chete bato mabasa kubva 2004.

Muna 2011, akava mutungamiriri webato saenuri webato, iro papera gore akunda musarudzo dzeparamende. Gore iroro, Park Geun-Hye aikunda sarudzo dzemutungamiriri wenyika.

Nhasi, mutungamiriri Korean matanhatu namatatu, uye vanogona kutaura nechivimbo kuti mutemo rava nyaya hwake. Iye haana akaroora uye asina vana.

Croatia

Kwerinenge gore (kubva February 2015), nyika hunange Kolinda Grabar-Kitarovic. Hapana angadai vakafunga kuti kunze kwomusha kukura girly hadzi purezidhendi. US akava naye pokutangira, asi zvinhu zvokutanga pakutanga.

Kolinda akaberekwa dukuduku musha muYugoslavia, kubvira achiri muduku, iye aifanira kutsungirira matambudziko oupenyu yokumaruwa. Akambondiudza akati kuti hapana munhu NATO asi haazivi kuti kukama. Zvichida ichi ichokwadi.

Asi pasinei nematambudziko zvoupenyu, musikana aiva nechido zvikuru pfungwa. Iye akadzidza mutauro Croatian, asi chikuru kukunda kwayo kwaiva pakuunganidza pavaRefaimu kudzidza muna America. Zvaiva imomo kuti iye zvakakwana Inoziva Chirungu.

Kolinda kudzidza weVadzidzisi Vedare Enyika Sciences muZagreb, uye akaenda zvakare US, kuva Fellow of University George. Washington. Uyezve, akakwanisa kuwana kurovedzwa Harvard University. Pashure paizvozvo Kolinda akakokwa Dzhona Hopkinsa University somunhu tsvakurudzo pamwe.

Ake rezvematongerwe akatanga muna 1992, apo iye akava chipangamazano Bazi Affairs Foreign. Kuma1990 All mubasa mabasa rekupinda, kutarisira nzvimbo North America. Aiva mutevedzeri Ambassador muCanada.

Sezvo 2003 aiva nhengo yeparamende uye akashanda nyaya European kusangana. Uye makore maviri gare gare akava mushumiri wokumwe. Zvinokosha munyika simbi Kolinda kupinda EU uye NATO.

Makore matatu (2008) yaiva mumiririri yeCroatia muUnited States.

Muna 2015, rechipiri kumativi, akakunda uye akava purezidhendi Croatia.

Kolinda akaroora kubva 1996. The muchato ane vana vaviri.

Lithuania

Dalia Grybauskaite muna 2014 apiwa ndigowana yechipiri izwi purezidhendi Lithuania.

Akaberekwa muna 1956 muna Vilnius. Maererano ayo mashoko, vabereki vaive vanoshanda nesimba. Asi pachaunga rakabudiswa declassified mashoko kuti baba vake, Polikarpas aiva NKVD.

Apedza, aishanda zvishoma kuti pane imwe mari. Zvino ndakaenda Leningrad, kwaakanotanga muuto University. Zhdanov. Akadzidzira pane zvidzidzo nokuda Labor Day manheru musi mbava fekitari sezvo murabhoritari.

Muna 1983 akagamuchira dhipuroma enyika upfumi. Mugore iroro akava bato uye vakadzokera Vilnius. Akadzidzisa hurukuro panhau dzakagadzirirwa avo Higher Party School muguta.

Muna 1988, muMoscow, iye akadzivirira wake chinyorwa uye vakatanga kushanda panguva Academy of Social Sciences.

Nekuti Dahl ndiwo murayiro wakanaka kwazvo Chirungu, akatumirwa kubva Lithuania kuUnited States, uko iye aiva internship University. Akashanda kwemakore Muushumiri pamusoro Affairs Foreign, uye ipapo akazova mumiririri mvumo pamusoro Lithuania kuUnited States.

Pashure Lithuania kwakaita accession kuti EU Dahl sehofisi European Commission haasi mukuzadzikisa mabasa ayo 2009 chokuita musarudzo. Vavhoti vanosarudza kuti musoro wehurumende kunofanira mutungamiri mukadzi. Russia haisi kwazvo, ukama kunyika nguva ino vari kutonhora mamiriro.

Dahl hakusi kuroorwa, asina vana.

Germany

Female purezidhendi America, urege nokukurumidza kuonekwa pedyo, asi nyeredzi inopenya Angela Merkel kubva 2005. Ndipo akava musoro nyika yake.

Angela akaberekwa muna 1954 muHamburg. madzitateguru ake kubva raamai uye divi yababa vaiva Poles.

Kuenda kuchikoro, Angela haamiri kunze, akanga musikana nomwero uye akanyarara. Asi kuita kufambira mberi kukuru mune kudzidza masvomhu uye mutauro wokuRussia. Ndapedza chikoro, akaenda Leipzig kunopinda kuti mano University chaiko.

Somudzidzi, iye muchirongwa mabasa Free German Youth Union, uyewo akaroora Uilriha Merkel, zvakare, wefizikisi mudzidzi.

Ndapedza Vaviri vakaenda Berlin, apo vakagovana nzira. Angela akatanga kushanda panguva Academy of Sciences, gare gare akadzivirira wake chinyorwa. At basa ndakasangana murume wake iyezvino - Joachim Sauer.

Merkel kuti rezvematongerwe vakatanga pashure pokuwa Wall Berlin wayo kupinda bato pasi zita "democratic budiriro". Mukutanga kuma1990, ngirozi achinja maonero ake uye akabatana Christian Democratic Union. Akanga zvakaoma kwira upward, nokuti ndiye chete muEast Germany. Asi paari divi raiva Helmut Kohl, mutungamiri webato. Muna 1993, iye akatungamirira CDU muna imwe nyika German.

Kwapera gore, muna sarudzo kusvika Bundestag Angela anopiwa pambiru Minister of Environment. Muna 1998, akava Munyori General of CDU.

Nokuda zvemari chokusanangurira muna 2000 kubva pambiru sezvo mutungamiri CDU Schaeuble akasiya (uye asati Kohl). A vazhinji mavhoti, kwakasarudzwa kuti Merkel achamuka panguva achidzora veboka.

sarudzo 2002 akanga vakakunda Gerhard Schröder, uyo, kusiyana kuna Merkel, haana kutsigira Bush wokuti muIraq.

Zvisinei, zvishoma nezvishoma, asi Social Democratic Party, akamira achidzora, akanga kurasikirwa chivimbo. Kwakasarudzwa kudana mangwanani musarudzo muna 2005. SPD uye CDU scored rinenge chete nhamba mavhoti (1% musiyano). Mavhiki Vashanu kwakadzama pakati mapato yaiitwa, zvakazoita wemasangano zvibvumirano kunge asvika, uye Angela Merkel, vakazivisa musoro wehurumende.

Merkel inozivikanwa aifarira-American pezvaaitsigira, uye kunyange mhosva pamwe wiretapping dzeserura deginamajai izvozvo haana kuchinja zvinhu. Panyaya epamba mutemo, Saka, maererano nenyanzvi, kunoratidzwa duality uye makuru pfungwa kuti vanongogara ari mupurigatori.

Switzerland

Mukadzi purezidhendi Belarus - chimiro chete kubva renyaya movie, asi muSwitzerland ichi Mugumisiro musarudzo kunowanzoitika. The mutungamiri ano - Simonetta Samorugga - mukadzi wechishanu chinzvimbo ichi (munhau ichangopfuura).

Ndapedza chikoro, aida zvakakomba vatevere mumhanzi aiva shasha Pianist. Simonetta akadzidziswa muna US uye Italy. Akabva akadzidza mutauro Chirungu uye mabhuku payunivhesiti.

By mutemo yava akasunda basa Nheyo Consumer Protection. Kubvira 1981, iye yaimirira Social Democrats.

Simonetta aiva nhengo National Council uye Council States. Muna 2010 iye kuenda weDhipatimendi Justice uye Police. Pakupera 2014 iye akasarudzwa kuti pambiru purezidhendi nyika.

Simonetta ndiye mukadzi munyori - Lukas Hartmann.