Frequency drive: tsanangudzo nekuongororwa

Kugadziriswa nehanzvadzi inotenderera inobvumira kushandisa shanduko inoshandiswa kuti ichinje mafashoni emagetsi emotokari: kutanga, kumira, kukurumidza, kuderedza, kushandura kasi yekutenderera.

Kushandura nguva yakawanda yekutengesa kwemhepo kunounza kuchinja mune angular velocity ye stator magnetic field. Kana nguva inopera, injini inowedzera, uye slip inowedzera.

Iyo inoshandiswa purogiramu yemotokari inowanzochinja

Ikusavhura kukuru kwema motokisi asynchronous ndeyekuoma kwekukurumidza nekugadzirisa nemaitiro emagariro: kuchinja simba rekugovera uye kuunza kuwedzera kwemisangano munzvimbo inotenderera. Zvimwe zvakakwana ndiyo motokari inowanzoita motokari yemagetsi. Kusvikira munguva pfupi ichangopfuura, vatendeuki vaidhura, asi kubuda kweIgBT-transistors uye microprocessor control systems yakabvumira vatengesi vokunze kugadzira zvigadzirwa zvinodhura. Iyo yakanakisisa ikozvino ipo static frequency converters.

Izvo zvinonzi velocity ye stator magnetic field ω ₀ inopesana nekuenzana nehuwandu ƒ ₁ zvichienderana neshoko:

Ω ₀ = 2π × ƒ ₁ / p,

Apo p ndiyo nhamba yezvikamu zviviri zvepalo.

Nzira yacho inopa kutenderera kunotarisa. Panguva imwecheteyo, kufambisa kwechikwata chemoto hachiwedzere.

Kuti uwane injini huru yemagetsi emiganhu - EFFICIENCY, simba rekuti simba uye kunyanya kukwanisika, pamwe chete nehuwandu hunochinja huwandu hwekugovera humwe hunodiwa:

• Nguva dzose mutoro wechinguva - U ₁ / ƒ ₁ = const;
• Chimiro chechimiro chemutambo nguva - U ₁ / ƒ ₁ ² = const;
• Mutoro unenge uchienzaniswa nehutachiona u U ₁ / √ ƒ ₁ = const.

Izvi zvinoshandiswa kuburikidza nekushandura iyo iyo imwecheteyo inoshandura kuwandisa uye gasi pane stator yemotokari. Magetsi anochengetedzwa kuburikidza nemutemo wekubatsira kwehutano hunodiwa: mutoro wepombi, fan fan, machine feed rate, nezvimwe zvikamu zvinoshanduka zvakanaka.

Nzira dzenguva dzinodzora yeasynchronous uye yakafanana magetsi motors

Mu motokari inotungamirirwa-kazhinji inobva mumotokisi einoschronous ine rotor-cage rotor, nzira mbiri dzekutonga dzinoshandiswa: scalar uye vector. Muchiitiko chekutanga, kukwirira uye kuwandisa kwemhepo inopa mvura kunoshanduka panguva imwe chete.

Izvi zvakafanira kuchengetedza kushanda kwejini, kazhinji-chiyero chenguva dzose chepamusoro pacho kusvika panguva yekumanikidzwa pamumvuri. Somugumisiro, kukwanisa uye simba simba rinoramba riripo pamusoro pehutano hwose.

Vector control inoshanduka panguva imwechete mumakwikwi uye chikamu chezvino pane stator.

Iyo motokari inowanzofambisa yemotokari inokonzera inoshanda chete nokuda kwezvinhu zviduku, kukura kwayo kune yakakwirira kudarika zvinotenderwa, synchronism inogona kuputswa.

Kubatsira kwekufambisa motokari

Kakawanda kurayira kunobatsira zvakakwana kune dzimwe nzira.

1. Automation ye injini uye maitiro ekugadzira.
2. Smooth kutanga, kubvisa zvinyorwa zvinowanzoitika panguva yekukurumidza kwejini. Wedzera kuvimbika kwekufambisa motokari uye zvigadzirwa nekuda kwekuderedza kuwandisa.
3. Wedzera hupfumi hwekushanda uye kuendesa kushanda muhuwandu.
4. Kuumba rutsoka rwemotokari nguva dzose pasinei nemamiriro ezvinhu emutoro, izvo zvinokosha kune dzimwe nguva. Kushandiswa kwemhinduro kunoita kuti zvikwanise kuchengetedza nguva dzose injini inoshandiswa mukati mekushungurudzika kwakasiyana-siyana, kunyanya pasi pemitoro yakasiyana.
5. Vashanduri vanobatanidzwa nyore nyore muhutano hwehutano huripo pasina kuchinja kukuru uye kuvharwa kwehutano hwehutano. Izvo huwandu hwenyanzvi hwakanaka, asi nekuwedzera kwavo mutengo kuwedzera zvikuru.
6. Simba rekusiya zvipembenene, reducers, inductors nemamwe masimba ekudzivirira, kana kuwedzera huwandu hwekushanda kwavo. Izvi zvinokonzera kuwanda kwekugonesa kwekugonesa.
7. Kugadziriswa kwekukuvadza kwezvinoitika pane zvishandiso zvekushandura, zvakadai sechisimba chemagetsi kana kuwedzerwa kwemvura mumapipeline nekunonoka kwekushandiswa kwayo usiku.

Kukanganisika

Kufanana nevose vanopindira, hurumende ndiyo inokonzera kupindira. Vanofanira kuisa mafaira.

Iko mari yezvikwata yakakwirira. Inowedzera zvakanyanya nekuwedzera kwekushandisa kwezvigadzirwa.

Kakawanda kutungamirirwa kwekutakura kwezvinodhaka

Panzvimbo iyo mvura uye zvimwe zvinwiwa zvinoputirwa, kupera kwemafuro kunowanzoitwa nemagetsi nemagetsi. Parizvino, mirayiridzo inokurudzira ndiyo kushandiswa kwekufambisa motokari yepombi kana fan inotungira majeko avo.

Kushandiswa kwechirwere chekutengesa sechimwe chinopfurikidza nehuro kunopa simba rinoponesa simba kusvika kusvika ku75%. Ivhavhavha, kudzivirira kutenderera kwemvura, haiti basa rinobatsira. Panguva imwe chete, simba uye kurasikirwa kwezvinhu zvekutakura zviri kuwedzera.

Iyo motokari inowanzoita kuti zvikwanise kuchengetedza nguva dzose kushungurudzika kune mutengi apo kuyerera kwechidimbu kunoshanduka. Chiratidzo chinoshandiswa chinoshandiswa kubva pane sensor sensor kusvika kumotokari, iyo inoshandura injini nekukurumidza uye iyo inotungamira nekukurumidza kwayo, kuchengetedza kutseterera kwemaji.

Kugadzirisa kupemha diyuniti kunoitwa kuburikidza nokuchinja zvibereko. Simba rinoshandiswa pamapombi riri mu cubic kutenderera pane zvakabuda kana gumbo rinokurumidza. Kana iyo inoderedzwa nechimwe chechipiri, iyo pombi inowedzera 8 times. Kuwanikwa kwemazuva ose ekushandisa mvura kunokubvumira kuti uone kushandiswa kwemagetsi panguva ino, kana iwe uchikwanisa kuendesa motokari. Pamusana peizvi, zvinokwanisika kuitisa nzvimbo yekusimudza uye nokudaro kuwedzera kukwira kwemvura mumakwikwi.

Kushanda kwemavhenekeri uye mafungiro emhepo

Maximum air flow in ventilation systems haisi nguva dzose. Mamiriro ekushanda angada kushanda kwekugadzirisa. Nenzira, tsika yekushandiswa inoshandiswa nokuda kweizvi, kana kufamba kwegumbo kuchiramba kuchigara. Zvinonyanya kushandura kuchinja kwehupenyu nekuda kwekufambisa-gwara-gwara, kana nguva nemamiriro ekunze, kupisa, unyoro, vaporo uye gasi zvinokuvadza zvinoshanduka.

Magetsi ekuchengetedza mhepo uye mhepo yehutachiona yakagadzirirwa kwete pasi kudarika zviteshi zvekuputa, sezvo kushandiswa kwemasimba kwekushandura shaft kuri kubhejikidzi kunotarisana nezvakaitwa.

Frequency converter device

Mazuva ano frequency drive inogadzirirwa maererano nechirongwa chekushandura kaviri. Inoumbwa neanoruramisa uye inverter in pulter ne control system.

Mushure mekugadzirisa mauto emagetsi, chiratidzo chacho chinoshandiswa nefriji uye inodyiswa kune inverter ine matanhatu transistor switches, iyo imwe neimwe yayo inobatana nemhepo inonzi stator windings yemotokari inonyanyisa. Sangano rinoshandura chiratidzo chechigadziriswa muzvikamu zvitatu zvinotarisirwa zvinowanzodiwa uye zvakakura. Simba IGBT-transistors pamitambo yakabuda inenge yakakura yekutengesa nguva uye inopa chiratidzo chakajeka rectangular pasina kusvibiswa. Pamusana pekutsvaira nzvimbo yemhepo inotinhira, chimiro chemazuva ano pane zvakasara chinoramba chiri sinusoidal.

Nzira dzekugadzirisa zviratidzo zvekukura

Izvo zvinobuda magetsi zvinodzorwa nenzira mbiri:

1. Amplitude - kuchinja muhutano hwemhepo.
2. Pulse width modulation ndiyo nzira yekushandura chiratidzo chekupisa, apo nguva yaro inoshanduka, uye nguva inogara isingashanduki. Pano simba rinoenderana nehupamhi hwekupisa.

Nzira yechipiri inowanzoshandiswa mukubatana nekugadzirwa kwe microprocessor teknolojia. Inverters yemazuva ano inogadzirwa maererano neGTO-thyristors inogadzirwa kana IGBT-transistors.

Mikana uye kushandiswa kwevatendeji

Iyo motokari inowanzove ine mikana yakawanda.

1. Kakawanda kurongeka kwematatu emagetsi ekupa mvura kubva kune zero kusvika 400 Hz.
2. Kukurumidza kana kubhururuka kwemotokari kubva ku 0.01 sec. Kusvika pamaminitsi makumi mashanu. Maererano nemutemo wakapiwa kubva panguva (kazhinji inowanikwa). Kana kuputika, zvinokwanisika kwete kungoita kuderera, asiwo kuwedzera kusvikira 150% yezvinotyisa uye kutanga nguva.
3. Dzorerai injini nemamwe maitiro ekudengenyeka uye kukurumidza kusvika kune imwe nguva inoda mune imwe nzira.
4. Vashanduri vanoshandisa kuchengetedzwa kwemagetsi kushandiswa pamakwikwi maduku, kuwandisa, kudengenyeka kwepasi uye kukanganiswa kwemagetsi emugetsi.
5. Dhidhijiti dzekudhiridzira dzevashanduri dzinoratidza dheinheji pamararamiro avo: purogiramu, voltage, kasi, ikozvino, nezvimwe.
6. Mune vashanduri, i-volt-frequency characteristics inogadziriswa zvichienderana nezvinorehwa zvinoregererwa kumotokari. Mabasa ekudzora maitiro anobva mazviri anopiwa nevakavakwa-vatungamiri.
7. Nokuda kwepasi pfupi zvakakosha kushandisa vector control, iyo inobvumira kushanda nguva yakazara yejini, kuchengetedza nguva inogara ichifamba nemitoro inoshanduka, chengeta nguva iyo iri mumumvuri. Dhiyabhorosi inotenderera-inodzora inoshanda zvakanaka nekusvika kwakarurama kwenhamba ye injini yepasipoti uye mushure mokuedzwa kwakabudirira. Zvigadzirwa zvemakambani HYUNDAI, Sanyu nevamwe vanozivikanwa.

Nzvimbo dzekushandiswa kwevatendeuki ndezotevera:

• Pombi mumvura inotonhora uye inotonhorera uye kupisa kwemagetsi;
• Slurry, jecha uye mapurumu mapompo okuisa zvirimwa;
• Nzira dzokufambisa: vatengesi, matafura ekugadzira uye dzimwe nzira;
• Vanokanganisa, mishonga, mabheji, extruders, vatchers, feeders;
• Centrifuges;
• Elevators;
• Metallurgical equipment;
• Drilling equipment;
• Zvigetsi zvemagetsi zvemashandisi;
• Chigadziro uye zvigadzirwa zveganeti, nzira dze manipulator.

Vanogadzira frequency converters, vanoongorora

Muiti wekugadzira akatotanga kugadzira michina yakakodzera kuvashandisi maererano nehutano uye mutengo. Kubatsira ndiko kukwanisa kukurumidza kuwana mishonga yakakodzera, pamwe nekupa mazano akawanda pamusoro pekugadzirisa.

Iko kambani "Effective Systems" inobereka michina yakawanda uye maitiro ekuedza emichina. Mishonga inoshandiswa pakushandiswa kwemisha, mumabhizimisi maduku uye mumakambani. Mutori we "Vesper" anogadzira zvinomwe zvakasiyana-siyana zvevashanduri, pakati payo kune masangano akawanda, akakodzera mune dzimwe nzira dzehuwandu.

Mutungamiri mukugadzirwa kwechastotniki ikambani Denmark Danfoss. Zvishandiso zvayo zvinoshandiswa mumhepo inoputika, mumhepo, mumvura uye kupisa maitiro. Imwe kambani yeFinnish Vacon, iyo iri chikamu chekambani yeDenmark, inogadzira zvivako zvisingakwanisi kubva kune zvingaita kuvaka maidiki anodiwa pasina mashoko asina kufanira, izvo zvinoponesa zvikamu. Vashanduri vemarudzi ose ane hanya neAABB, vanoshandiswa mumhizha uye muupenyu hwezuva nezuva, vanozivikanwa zvakare.

Kutonga nemhinduro, vashanduri vasina kutengesa pamba vanogona kushandiswa kugadzirisa nyore nyore matambudziko anowanzo, uye kune yakaoma iyo marashi ane zvakawanda zvinowanikwa.

Mhedziso

Iyo motokari inotenderera inodzora motokari yemagetsi nekushandura nguva yakareba uye kukwirira kwemafuro ekugovera, nekudzivirira kubva kune zvinetso: kuwandisa, mitsuwa shoma, kukanganisa mumutambo wekugovera. Mafambiro akadaro emagetsi anoita mabasa matatu makuru ane chokuita nekuwedzerwa, kubhururuka uye injini nokukurumidza. Izvi zvinokubvumira kuvandudza kushanda kwemashoni munzvimbo dzakawanda dze teknolojia.