GES: Novosibirsk (Mufananidzo)

Vashomanana vanoziva kuti kune magetsi emagetsi eNovosibirsk. Ichi ndicho chimwe chezvinhu zvakakosha zvezvinhu zveguta. Muna 1976 chigaro chacho chinozivikanwa sechinyorwa chezvakaitika kare munharaunda yemuganhu, uye inosanganiswa mune urongwa hwemagariro ehupenyu uye inodzivirirwa nehurumende.

Mukuenzanisa neBratsk, nzvimbo yeSiberia haina simba. Zvisinei, kumadokero kwehurumende yedu ndeyomumwe uye inotora chikamu chakakura mumagetsi emagetsi. JSC RusHydro inotarisira hydropower plants, kusanganisira Novosibirsk Hydroelectric Power Station.

Iwe wakavaka sei Novosibirsk hydroelectric station?

Vanjiniya vekugadzira vakaronga kuvaka chivako muzana remakore rechimakumi maviri. Asi Hondo Yenyika I yakaita zvirongwa zvayo. Kuvakwa kwezana remakore kwakarongedzerwa nokusingaperi.

Zvadaro mumatatu makumi zvitatu vavakadziri nevanjiniya zvakare vakadzokera kumagadzirwa eSiberia simba renzvimbo. Rwizi rwakarongedzerwa kushandiswa kunyanzvi, simba, zvekurima uye yekuredza. Chiyero chepurojekiti chaive chikuru. Asi basa racho rakarambidzwa kusvikira pakuguma kweGreat Patriotic War. Munguva yemakore ehondo, kukosha kweNovosibirsk kwakawedzera kazhinji. Mutaundi, mahwendefa akabudiswa kubva kuLeningrad akazarurirwa, kugadzirisa kwakatanga kuve nekushaikwa kwakanyanya kwemagetsi.

Muna 1950, chisarudzo chakaitwa pakuvaka kukuru kwezvivako zvemagetsi. Vaiva Bratsk, Tsimlyanskaya, Kakhovskaya, kusanganisira Novosibirsk, HPP.

MunaOctober wegore iroro, nzvimbo yeLeningrad yakagadzira nzvimbo yakakodzera kwazvo yekuvakwa kwesimba remagetsi. Zvadaro, muna 1951, gore rinoratidzwa nekutanga kwekuvaka kwakasimba kwemasimba emagetsi emvura. Novosibirsk akaisa mari yakawanda uye masimba. Nhanho yekuvaka yakanga yakakwirira.

Iko kare muna 1953 kerubhi yekutanga yekrete yakaiswa. Makore matatu gare gare, vavaki vakavhara muganhu weRo River, nekuda kwekuti misha yakawanda nemaruwa emunharaunda yakazara nemvura. Vakatamiswa, uye varidzi vakagamuchira rubatsiro rwemari. Gore rakazotevera musangano wekutanga weiyo hydroelectric wakatanga.

Mukuvaka kwezana remakore, mapoka evadzidzi, vashandi vekugadzira uye zvimwe zvikamu zvevanhu vakabatanidzwa. Mushure mekushanda zuva rakaoma pabhenji Vanhu veSoviet vakaenda kundovaka gorosi remasimba.

Kwapera nguva pfupi, hurumende yakagamuchira guta guru reSiberia. Kwemakore emakore ebasa racho, mari yekuvaka yakabhadhara kakawanda kare.

Iko reda rekuisa simba kwemodhiyokodhi Novosibirsk

Munguva yemakore ekumazana ezana remakore remakore, chigadziro chemagetsi chinokonzerwa nemagetsi akabudisa mazana emamiriyoni zana emamiriyoni emagetsi, achichengetedza mamiriyoni makumi matatu ematare emarasha!

Guta reNosibsibirsk rinodurura mvura kubva munzvimbo inotungamirira magetsi. Nzvimbo yacho haina kungoita magetsi chete, asi inotungamirirawo nhamba yayo pasina kukanganisa kutumira uye kushambadzira. Mukuwedzera, iyo Bumbi yakagadzirwa ndiyo inopa mvura yekunwa yevaSiberia. Nharaunda yeAltai inoshandisawo dzimba dzimba, dzichifambisa dzimba neLulunda steppes.

Kutenda kushizha rekugadzira simba, Novosibirsk inovhura pabhangi yakakodzera Akademgorodok. Ichi ndicho chinogona uye chesayenzi nzvimbo yeSiberia. Iine nhamba huru yezvikoro zveRussia Academy of Sciences, uyewo Novosibirsk State University.

Sachigaro chemagetsi anokonzera huni hunobatanidza mabhangi ekupedzisira neakarurama eguta racho. Kuruboshwe ndeye Ob-HES kana Left Chemy munharaunda, uye kunewo chivako chekuchengetedza nzvimbo.

Hydroelectric plant zvinhu muNovosibirsk

Novosibirsk HPP haisi yakagadzirwa kubva pachivako chakafanana. Nzvimbo yacho yakakwana yakazara nezvivako, zvivako uye zvivako zvakasiyana zvakasiyana. Izvi zvinosanganisira: dzimba, madamu maviri madamu, chivako chema hydrogower plant, imba yechitatu yemakamuri yekupfuura ngarava, gungwa.

Iyo yekupedzisira yakawanda kwazvo. Kureba kwayo kunenge makiromita 250, uye upamhi huri makiromita 25. Dhamu rakamutsa rwizi kusvika pakakwirira mamita makumi maviri.

Kureba kwemukadzi kunenge makiromita mashanu. Nyaya yacho yakawanda. Uye mamita 420 chete - kureba kwechivako chemasimiti uye mvura yemvura. Nomweya dzinomwe dzakasungirirwa mune imwe yemakamuri maviri ekugadzira. Ikoko pane imba iyo iyo jira rekugadzirisa rakaiswa.

Migumisiro yekuvaka kuvaka

Nhasi ichi chikonzero nekuda kwechigaro chemagetsi eElectronik kuti Novosibirsk inodzora huwandu hwemvura uye inohutonga. Munguva yekuvakwa kwemasimba emagetsi emvura, anenge 100 mahekitare emvura akanga akazara nemvura, uye panewo zvirongwa zvekurima, masango, uye misha inenge 60.

Asati yasvika, zvivako zvakasiyana-siyana zvakasiyana-siyana zvakasimudzirwa. Iyo nzvimbo yakakura yakawira pasi pemafashamo, guta reBerdsk. Akanyatsoendeswa kune dzimwe nyika itsva makiromita gumi nemana kubva pakadzika. Bherdsk itsva yakavakwa maererano nezvinodiwa zvemazuva ekufambira mumaguta. Saka vanhu vomunharaunda vaiva nemagetsi, mvura inoshandiswa uye kushambidzika kwemvura. Guta rakazova kaviri rakakura sepakutanga.

Pamusana pekuonekwa kwemukadzi, mamwe mhando dzehove dzakave dzisingawaniki kune nzvimbo inobereka. Saka iyo dhamadhina yakave chipingamupinyi chezvipembenene zvinokambaira zvehove (sturgeon uye nelma). Asi mushure mokunge nguva shomanana muvhara yacho yakagadzira denderedzwa yayo ichthyofauna. Masayendisiti akawana marudzi 34 ehove. Dziva resimba remagetsi (Novosibirsk) rinoshandiswa nevabati vehove nguva dzose. Zvibereko zvinosvika zviuru zviviri pagore.

Zorora paGungwa reBho

Shores eUb gadziriro inogadziriswa. Vanhu vanoshambidza, vatasva pamusoro pewachts uye makamera, vanoita mitambo yakasiyana-siyana. Makamende mazhinji ematende akasvinudzwa pabheni rekuruboshwe. Vanhu veSiberia vanogara pedyo negomba pakati pemasango epaini. Izvo zvinodiwa kuguta re HPP. Achitenda kwaari, Novosibirsk akawana simba, zvigaro nemikana.