"Golden Share" ari ... "Golden Share": Tsanangudzo, unhu uye zvaanoda

Izvi izwi haisi itsva munyika uye nyika yedu. Asi ikozvino chokutanga Zvirokwazvo vazhinji kusangana naye, asati Kashoma kunzwa nhau uye kushandiswa yeChina, pasinei kukosha kwayo. Naizvozvo, zvinobatsira kunzwisisa chii "yendarama mugove", iro kodzero nayo anomupa muridzi wayo, uye nzvimbo ine nezvimwe kuchengetedzeka.

A zvishoma pamusoro kushambadza

Chokutanga, ngationei zvishoma abayiwa zvinokosha. The chiito (kubva muchiLatin ane actio - kodzero chinhu chinogona kudzivirira mudare) - chinokosha womumwe (anobuda - kusunungurwa) bepa, kupa muridzi wayo-mukutsirani vamwe masimba:

1. Kodzero chikamu chekambani mari, rakapa.
2. Kodzero kubatanidzwa pakushandisa remabasa sangano-emissionera.
3. Kodzero rakakodzera mugove nekambani pfuma iri huye kusauka kana liquidation.

marudzi migove

The migove akakamurwa pemarudzi makuru maviri:

1. Simple - rakajairika uye zvemo. muridzi wavo ane kodzero kuripwa mibayiro kwaari (mugove wake mubereko sangano), kubatanidzwa mutemo wekambani (kazhinji ndiwo achipokana iri shareholders 'musangano) uye kugamuchira mugove wenhaka semubairo liquidation wekambani. migove Zvose izvi mhando zvakafanana ukoshi pamusoro Stock Exchange, pamusoro pavo akafanana tichitaura mibayiro.
2. Vaifarira migove (nzvimbo) - vadzo havana kuvhota ari mukuru musangano asi mibayiro dzakava kwavari panzvimbo yokutanga. Zvisinei, zviri varidzi nzvimbo migove anofanira kutora chisarudzo musi liquidation kana nokubatanidzwazve kuti Corporation. Iva kodzero kuvhota , ivo kana kuitwa sarudzo nezvimwe shareholders kuti zvimwe vachinje mabasa avo uye masimba.

Vaifarira migove vakakamurwa:

• pamusoro nzvimbo migove - a wakaiswa dividend uye mugove wenhaka pakuparwa liquidation;
• vaunganidza (tinofanira kugara) - kubhadhara mibayiro pavanatenzi vavo vari vaunganidza kuti imwe nguva.

Uyezve, pane kudanda aparadzane kuti kusazivana (vakanyorwa uye mutakuri). Dzimwe nyika angava inonzi constituent mumatanda - rangana zvimwe zvakwakanakira havaoni dzesangano.

Hurumende uye rokuti "mugove yendarama"

Pfungwa Golden Share zvinoreva mumwe zvatinofarira mugove kupa kwayo wokuisira rinokosha nhamba zvakanaka, uyo asina mumwe shareholders eungano. Maererano nekambani bumbiro, mazita ropafadzo izvi hazvifaniri buritsa navamwe anaro.

Uyewo, munhu "yendarama mugove" ndiro zita mutemo yemakambani code, mamiriro-anazvo, ari mukutsirani dzesangano. competences aya zvikuru kushandiswa The British Kingdom, Senegal, France, Malaysia, Belarus, Italy. Kakawanda, CBA ichi haapi kodzero kuvhota, asi inotaura kodzero ehurumende kuti kurambidza shanduko chero nhungamiro zvinokosha nekambani bumbiro.

Varidzi "mugove yendarama"

"Golden Share" - ndezvenguva? Kana bhizimisi mhuri kumhanya nenzira Tsika tama magwaro akadai nokuda vechikamu kuti agadzirise kusawirirana mumhuri chokuita nekambani utariri unyanzvi. Panewo kakawanda zviitiko apo makambani makuru, zvichiita dzakabatana pasina emakambani, vakava dzibate ari "yendarama mugove" pakati yokupedzisira, kuti mutungamiri mutsva asina kurasa bhizimisi, kunobva chete zvavanofarira.

Purchase kwakadaro kuchengeteka hazvibviri - "yendarama migove" hahusi kutengesa pamusoro kuchengetedzeka pamusika.

"Golden mugove" uye kodzero yakapiwa "yendarama mugove"

Sezvambotaurwa, chinhu chinonyanya kukosha kupfuura Golden Share anopa muridzi - mumwe kurambidza pamusoro inokosha sarudzo nezvimwe shareholders. Tinogona kutaura kuti nenzira iyi rehurumende ichikutadzisa ari kuzviitira kodzero vesangano kutarisira ayo zvinorwisana zvematongerwo enyika. Asiwo "ndarama" vanoita vanogona zvavo masimba repamutemo kurambidza chisarudzo pamusoro Resale kambani, ayo Absorção de Água imwe vesangano.

"Golden mugove" uye ane kodzero kuvhara chisarudzo pamusoro kusarudzwa munhu kuna Board Directors uise muganhu nhamba migove kuti anogona aine mumwe kana mumwe wokuisira yavo. Dzimwe nguva varidzi magwaro akadaro uye kugamuchira yakawanda mibayiro. mumwe mukutsirani yakadaro anekodzero kunonoka chisarudzo vatungamiri musangano kwenguva kwemwedzi anosvika mitanhatu.

Kazhinji, kunze apo "yendarama mugove" iri mumaoko ehurumende, kusunungurwa vakadaro Central Bank - mukana mukuru kambani. Pashure pezvose, muridzi wayo anogona kubatsira makambani acquisitions, kurovha kuna Board Directors anodiwa vanhu, nokugura Kurambidzwa inokosha zvine urongwa sarudzo.

"Migove Golden" iri Russian Federation

Pfungwa pakaziviswa muna 1992, chirevo №1392 President of Russian Federation "On matanho kuti pave maindasitiri nomutemo iri privatization pakati emakambani ehurumende." Ipapo musoro wehurumende chirevo №2284, kugadzirisa kuti hurumende iri kodzero yokutsiva anogoverana vesangano, vari yeUnited muridzi, pamusoro "yendarama mugove". Chisarudzo ichi chaiva zvakafanira apo tama emakambani ehurumende ari privatization kwacho mamiriro kwemajoini vapfuwi makambani.

"Golden mugove" riri iyi kudzivirirwa mabhizimisi kubva okuvhurumuka zvisarudzo varidzi itsva.

Maererano nemitemo iyi, hurumende akava anokwanisa kuti ndigadzire yeUnited, kwematunhu uye nemakanzuru pamwero hurumende vamiririri pamusoro wayo nokuda kuti mapuranga vatungamirire uye odhita komiti zvichangobva aita. Vamiririri ava kodzero kurambidza:

• kuchinja chero kana kuwedzera kuti bumbiro zvinyorwa Company;
• pamusoro akabvumirwa yoku- shanduro;
• kufarirwa liquidation pachiyero machira, muunganidzwa pamusoro liquidation dare uye, chokwadi, uri kubviswa;
• shanduko guru mvumo;
• mhedziso mikuru kwema kubatsira vane chekuita.

Pfungwa inokosha - kana "Central Bank Gold" akaparadzaniswa nomwene wayo, pakarepo anorasikirwa chinzvimbo chayo, kuwana chinzvimbo vakawanda vasiri kuchengeteka.

"Golden Share" ndiko, uye kuda kudzivirira sangano rako kubva rokutora vatorwa guta. Somuenzaniso, "Yandex" kwapfuura kuna Sberbank kweRussia akadaro kuchengetedzeka pamwe kodzero kurambidza zvisarudzo chokuita misha anokosha maumbirwo makambani ayo.