Habitat - nzvimbo kugovera taxon (mhuri, genus, mhando)

Zvipenyu vanogara pasi pose vari kwose kwose: muvhu-mhepo nzvimbo, mvura, ivhu, uye kunyange mune mamwe zvipenyu. Mumwe mhando sezvingatarisirwa anogara chaiwo ezvinhu kuti icho zvakananga machira.

Chii chinonzi dzinogarisana? Kuti tipindure mubvunzo uyu, chimbofunga upamhi hwazvo pfungwa: munharaunda, biocenosis uye biogeocoenosis. Munhu wose anoziva kuti zvinomera uye mhuka rwugare homogeneous zvikamu ndima uye kushamwaridzana nomumwe, zvinoumba vemunharaunda. Avo, akavapindurawo, interconnected pamwe zvinenge zvose kuti kurarama mundima dzakapiwa, pova biocenosis. Kuwadzana zvinhu zvisina upenyu (tembiricha, mwando, kuvheneka uye zvichingodaro. D.) Form chimwe zvinenge kunzwisisa kubva riparadzirwe kwenyaya uye simba, yainzi biogeocenosis. Mumwe mhando mararamiro zvimwe zvokudya uye unofudza simba umbowo zvimwe zvinenge (wedzerai redunhu), uye unoramba ezvinhu - abiotic, biotic uye anthropogenic - nayo optimally dzakakodzera. Habitat vaimiririra imwe taxon pakugadzirisa munzvimbo ine pachena pokugumira vachange kuvapowo pamberi yakakodzera ezvinhu. Pashure zvose, pane prerequisites zvose nekuda kubudirira chaizvo Micro-zvinenge, zvirimwa kana mhuka.

Nzvimbo inonzi chinoenderera, kana worudzii kurarama yose nzvimbo kuti zvakakodzera dzinogarisana, kana asangana nguva yaro rwebasa. Dzimwe nguva zvinenge anogona kugara vakaparadzana nzvimbo iri pamuganhu weumwe ndima kana mvura, pova anonzi chitsuwa nzvimbo. Kana nzvimbo rakakamurwa unconnected zvikamu zvinoverengeka nenzira kuti mhuka yokutama uye kupanana mbeu kana spores mune miti hazvibviri, zvino inonzi inoratidza kana disjunctive.

A chemabhazi atochnye nzvimbo shoma dzinogarisana nharaunda mhuri yekare, genera uye mhando, izvo kare yaigarwa mundima huru inonzi kakasaririra Somuenzaniso, biloba kana mbeu. Sagovinikovye. Uyewo, nzvimbo, zvichienderana ayo saizi anogona kuva inonzi cosmopolitans, kana zviri akakura, uye endemic kana diki.

Territory, yaigarwa nevamwe mhando nemhuka, nokuda yezviri kupindira woMunhu achatambudzwa kuchinja, dzimwe nguva zvichitungamirira kuparadzwa kwavo zvizere. Zvisinei, kamwe pane kuparadzwa kasvisto uye miti nemhuka zvakazonaka kuti vaigara munharaunda iyi, zvinonzi pakazara nevamiririri itsva kasvisto uye miti nemhuka zvakazonaka. Kudzidza Resettlement havatsananguri miganhu. Kuita izvi pamepu dzinoratidza nzvimbo apo mhuka mhenyu kana zvinomera zvikure chaiyo mhando, dzakadai dindingwe kana Siberian omusipiresi. Mapping kwakadaro kunobatsira kujekesa placement zvinomera nemhuka pfuma, kupararira zvirimwa tupukanana nenyika dondo, zvirwere vectors, uye zvichingodaro. D.

Musi iwoyo mubvunzo kuti ndiye dzinogarisana, anogona kupindura zvinotevera nzira: chiri nzvimbo ine miganhu zvakajeka mukati iro raishandiswa uye chinopinda yakazara kutenderera okukura imwe taxon. Utachiona dziripo pano nokuda hwepedyo pakati zvezvakatipoteredza zvinhu nevamwe vamiririri kasvisto uye miti nemhuka zvakazonaka.