Pancreatic mahormone - chaivo kukosha.

pancreatic basa. Kwemakemikari anobudiswa kushanda rwatata kunokonzerwa kushandiswa mumasero nezviduku pakati Langerhans - α-, β-, D- uye F-mhando. Masero nechimwe pakubhadhara izvi secrete zvimwe mahormone islet β-masero insulin, α-masero - glucagon, D-masero - somatostatin, secretin uye pankreogastrin, F-sero kemikari-zvakadai zvinokuvadza vari synthesized (uye lipokain vagotonin). Naizvozvo, chinhu nhengo inokosha rinobatanidzwa mutemo metabolic urongwa, ndiyo rwatata. Makemikari, synthesized shwanu ichi chinobata mhando dzose muviri mumuviri. Jekiseni akazarura? Lv Sobolєv muna 1902. Pakati pezana remakore rechi19 akasimbisa kemikari marongerwo uye kwetunhu waro anogadzirwa.

Pancreatic mahormone: jekiseni. Nangananga vakasununguka jekiseni vari masero chiropa, tsandanyama uye connective tishu. Jekiseni kunokanganisa mhando dzose exchanges: mapuroteni, carbohydrate, lipid, asi ayo zvainoita muviri ose makabhohaidhiretsi vakadzidza zvakanaka. Chokutanga, jekiseni kunowedzera permeability foni membranes kuti shuga uye nokudaro rinopa kuchinjwa wayo kubva ropa kusvikira munyama. kemikari ichi zvaanopa simba fosfoglyukotransferazu enzayemu (geksozokinazu) uye saka anopa kutendeuka shuga kuti Shuga 6-phosphate. Tuso jekiseni kwakabatsira carbohydrate muviri ndiko rutapudzo ropa shuga kuwanda (yomuropa) uye kuunganidza glycogen mune tsandanyama, chiropa uye dzimwe nhengo. Nokuda kushayiwa jekiseni masero vanorasikirwa nemano avo kushandisa shuga. chitsama Its muropa zvishoma nezvishoma zvinowedzera (hyperglycemia), uye iye anotanga kumira kunze ari weti (glycosuria).

Kunze jekiseni runogonesa shuga chokufambisa kubva ropa vanoshingaira amino acids, kupinda cytoplasm pamusoro node masero, zvaanopa simba transcription uye shanduro, zvichiguma kunowedzerwa mapuroteni usage.

Mugumisiro jekiseni pamusoro lipid muviri kunokonzerwa ndechokuti zvinopa kushandiswa makabhohaidhiretsi nokuda kwetunhu dzakakwirira carboxylic acids, vakatobatana kuumbwa triacylglycerols nezvimwe lipids. Ukuwo, jekiseni kuchititadzisa zvinyama lipase, kusanganisira nokuda chinovhiringidza kwomusasa inotungamirwa. Kushomeka paumbwe jekiseni mumuviri kusanganisira zvakawedzera kudzikisirana pamusoro amino acids, iyo pakupedzisira inotungamirira kuunganidza amoniya uye urea muropa. Activate lipolysis, zvichitungamirira ropa kuunganidza vakasununguka mafuta acids, ketone miviri uye remafuta akawandisa.

Makemikari ari rwatata: glucagon. Glucagon ndivo chiropa masero, adipose zvinyama uye tsandanyama, asi mukuru ndiye chiropa, izvo kusashanda pasi pokudzora glucagon phosphorylase, izvo zvinozoita zvaanopa simba ari hydrolysis kuti glycogen. Naizvozvo, huwandu glycogen ari chiropa zvinoderedza uye kunowedzera neropa shuga. Uyezve, glucagon kunonatsiridza gluconeogenesis, zvaanopa simba lipolysis kuti adipose rinenge uye nokudaro zvichitadzisa kukura kufutisa. Izvi pamwe inotungamirwa yakawanda acetyl-CoA uye ketone miviri. Zvinoderedza glucagon secretion mu hyperglycemia uye kunowedzera mupfungwa uye zvakaoma.

Makemikari ari rwatata: somatostatin. Incretion igibiruet rinoita inonzi insulin uye glucagon, gastrin uye kusarudzwa gastrinstimuliruyuschuyu secretion pamusoro hydrochloric acid. Kutyorwa kuri incretion insulin yakakodzera, glucagon, uye somatostatin zvinokonzera kugadzira chirwere cheshuga. chirwere ichi kunoratidzwa Kazhinji simba, hyperglycemia, glycosuria, polyuria (zuva yakawanda weti inowedzera ne 3-5 times), pane chirwere cheshuga cataract, corneal opacity zvakanyorwa.

Makemikari ari rwatata: lipokain uye vagotonin. Lipokain - kemikari-kufanana venhumbi chinonditadzisa nuna chiropa, kunomutsa ari oxidation kwemafuta, mafuta acids uye nzira yokubudisa zvavo kubva chiropa kusvikira munyama, unokurudzira biosynthesis pamusoro phospholipids. Vagotonin kunomutsa basa parasympathetic tsinga, kunyanya vagus etsinga, zvaanopa simba hematopoiesis pezvakaitwa.