History of Joseph-Volokolamsk wemamonk. Orthodox mukono yemamongi cenobitic stauropegic

Chinangwa chenyaya ino ichava nhoroondo uye kuvandudzika Joseph-Volokolamsk wemamonk. Izvi yekare yemamongi Orthodox, riri kushanda vachiri nhasi, rave kutorwa kwete chete vashanyi vakawanda asiwo vechinamato. Nhare dziri Moscow mudunhu imomo. Asi ivo zvinobudirira kutsiva akakomberedzwa, kuti haripindiki pamwe dzemamongi pfungwa. Ndizvo chinhu outorwa uye ushanyi. Joseph-Volokolamsk Monastery akavaka ari munhare. It akapoteredzwa gobvu masvingo anokwanisa withstanding mwedzi-refu yakakombwa muvengi. Mushure wemamongi rakadzikwa mune simba uye ita mhirizhonga nguva. Asi nhasi, zvemamongi pakati wemamongi ndigokugamuchirai nevatungamiriri vechitendero uye kuziva vashanyi. Sezvineiwo, Second World War kwakakanganisa kwazvo dzimba risingakanganwiki pakati wemamongi. Asi zvishoma nezvishoma rwatodzoreredzwa. Ngatitorei rakapotsa vachiratidzwa Joseph-Volokolamsk wemamonk, uye panguva imwecheteyo kuteerera nyaya yake dzinonakidza.

Mujinga wemamongi

Zvakangotanga vakatanga yokuti mumwe Ivan Sanin vakanzwa kudanwa chitendero. Akanga tonsured mukati mamongi Pafnutiem Borovskim uye akatora yemamongi zita waJosefa. Ndiani wakafira nyika Sanin akazvipira kushumira Mwari uye kubudirira munyika ino kuti akava akatsiva St. Paphnutius sezvo hegumen. Sezvo musoro munharaunda, Joseph akaedza kupinda naro obschezhiteyny chata. Asi hama dziri categorically vaipikisa ichi. Ipapo anozviramba Josefa uye mumwe murume akwegura, Gerasim akaenda kudzungaira kuburikidza hermitages uye dzemamongi. Asi 1478, Joseph yadzoka kunyika, uye akakumbira mvumo Boris Vladimirovich, Muchinda Volokolamsk, simbisai yemamongi. The "eulogy", rakanyorwa nokuda womunun'una wake Ivan Sanin Dosifey Toporkov, rinoti sezvinotevera: "The nzvimbo wemamongi chakataurwa pamusoro. Vakakosa Shongwe guruva, uye ipapo pasi yakarohwa mheni ari kudenga yakajeka. Ikoko Reverend hwogumisa. " Saka muna 1479 rakavakwa Josefa Volokolamsk wemamonk.

Life of St.

Zvakakosha kutaura mashoko mashomanana nezvemavambo enyika anozviramba. Sei aiva kupesana nehama uye, Chikurukuru, sei akawana rutsigiro yokunyika zvizere (kusanganisira zvemari) nokuda kuvaka Joseph-Volokolamsk wemamonk? Sanin mhuri revatongi muridzi musha Yazvische uye raiva basa dzakananga Volotsk Prince Boris. Ivan akanga asiri oga mwanakomana. Pazera 20, akasarudza kutora kwechidzitiro, uye muna 1459 vakaenda Tverskoy Savvin wemamongi. Asi yokugara urombo haana akauya nezvaanoda wake, uye akaenda Borovsk. yemamongi Izvi vachitungamirirwa Paphnutius aiva nemukurumbira upfumi hwake. In ichi yemamongi anozviramba akapedza makore 18. Monastery yaimbonzi vaiva Novgorod diocese. Uchibata zvikuru nyika chido Prince Ivan III kubatwa pedyo, Abbot Joseph vachinetsana Archbishop Serapion Novgorod. Saka vakagara anopinda Diocese, izvo chinoita kutsutsumwa Fraternity. Pasinei patronage ari zviremera zvehurumende, Joseph akasarudza kusiya uye akamisa pachavo yemamongi kwavo. Aiva GODFATHER mwanakomana wake Borisa Volotskogo, Ivana Ruzskogo uye confessor kuti mugove muchinda wacho.

Joseph-Volokolamsk Monastery (Volokolamsk dunhu, Moscow nharaunda)

Kutsigira vehurumende zvaiita kuvakazve anozviramba kereke wemamongi chete kwemwedzi miviri chirimo 1479 yokutanga emapuranga. Makore mashanu akazotevera nayo chikatsiviwa ibwe Church. Wemamongi nokukurumidza inova Kremlin, takapoteredzwa gobvu masvingo. Pakanga pane mujeri vaitsoropodza. The abbot Joseph, yakavakwa Chechi yeOrthodox kusvika pachinzvimbo chevatatu mumongi, aiva kuchitsigira mutambudzi Nevaikurudzira Chitendero chechiJudha uye vaitsigira nekodzero pakuva dzemamongi upfumi hwenyika, kusanganisira nyika. Akanyora kuti "... kuti infidels nevanyengeri waisafanira chete mhosva uye ruvengo, asi kuuyawo rushambwa kwavo, uye kuti aashandise vakuvara, mutsvene rwake ... ichi masimba vanofanira vazviise chirango ane utsinye." Joseph vakachengetedzwa tsamba, nharo asiri iwo (zvikurukuru, pamwe Neil Sora) kuti mamongi zvisakafanira kunyika uye kuti ashongedze Golden Temple. Abbot akafa muna 1515. Somusande muna 1579. Vateveri vake, Josephites, mu nemanomwe remakore, varwa kuti kupambwa panyika uye chichiita vanhuwo zvavo. Muna 2009, Patriarh Kirill akazivisa vaichengetedza pamusoro Iosifa Volotskogo bhizimisi Russian Orthodoxy.

Kremlin

Buildings Joseph-Volokolamsk Monastery kuonekwa kure. Shine yendarama domes vemakereke, peeping kubva seri kwemasvingo achachena pokunzvenga napo. Around wemamongi madziva akavhuniwa. Havana chete yokuzvarwa nzira inobvira mutori, asiwo muzadze refectory mamongi hove inonaka. Masvingo eguta, munhare wemamongi yakanga reconstructed kanoverengeka. Vakagara yakabudirira akapikisa kukombwa weuto wePolish-Lithuanian muna 1612. Madziro yakagadzirirwa se kumberi uye melee. interleaved shongwe dzavo. Mumwe nomumwe wavo - rakasiyana Paaidzidzisa kuti kuzvidzivirira mapurani. The yakaisvonaka kwavari Germanova. Tinouya pedyo uye kuona pamukova yakatarwa muna 2009, shongwe St Iosifu Volotskomu. Shure iye aigona kuonekwa chaizvo vakapfeka zvakanaka Gate Church, yakatsaurirwa kuvaapositori Petro naPauro. It yakavakwa 1679 muna Moscow teremkovom manyorerwo. Ngatiendei nepagedhi.

Akavaka mukati pacho. Chechi nokufungidzira Yedu Lady

Mumakore upenyu Reverend abbot Joseph-Volokolamsk wemamonk, muna 1486, yakanga yakavakirwa nzvimbo ibwe chechi emapuranga. Nokuti naye kupenda akokwa yakakurumbira uye seane uchenjeri mifananidzo Dhionisio. Kana waiva mufashoni Moscow Baroque, chechi yakawedzera uye vagotendeuka kuva Church. kuvaka Its yakatanga makore 1688-1696. temberi iyi shanu-domed Zvinoshamisa pakunaka kwawo uye ukuru. Usamhanye kuenda mukati. Chokutanga, pota Church. Kunze masvingo aro akashongedzwa usina kukonekita kuti vakasikwa nemanomwe remakore ari Studio kuti mifananidzo Stepan Polubes. Ikozvino enda mukati mutemberi. Icons, rakanyorwa Dhionisio, kwete anyangarika. Vanogona kuonekwa mutemberi. A chiwanikwa chaiye chechi iri shanu-weDanho wakavezwa iconostasis, goridhe dzinopenya. Information nokuti Mapilgrim: muchechi iyi yakaratidza simba uye ngetani St. Joseph. Mukuwedzera, wemamongi iri guva machinda Volotsk, John uye Theodore.

Zvimwe zvivako wemamongi

Kwamaiitwa mbiri chaiyo belfry Joseph-Volokolamsk wemamonk. It yakavakwa 1511 uye ndiko yakabatana temberi yekare. Ipapo bhero shongwe neatly "vakwane" mu masvingo katedraali itsva. Zvinonzi musi pachena kubva pamusoro wayo unogona kuona Moscow. Asi panguva Great Patriotic War, mauto eSoviet kuenda rakavhuvhuta bhero shongwe. Zvino nheyo dzaro inochengeterwa uye kumirira nokudzorerwa kwavo. Chii kushanyira shure Volovets Joseph wemamonk? Chokutanga, kare ambotaurwa chechi gedhi. Next, tarira Germanov shongwe mhiri. Zvinonzi dzakapoteredzwa White Honey uye matura, uyewo wemamongi chivako keliyami. Mune refectory pakati wemamongi chaparadza vadya Iosif Volotsky. Maererano nezano mapurani nemamiriro anodzokorora mashoko Faceted Chamber ari Moscow Kremlin - bumbiro remitemo kunobva mbiru. Uyewo Chinoshamisawo yakaisvonaka pakona shongwe.

yemamongi vakakurumbira

Zvinosuruvarisa zvikuru tsika kana shamwari dzechiKristu pakati pehama, kunze muvambi wemamongi, akanga asiri. Asi ivo vari vakawanda unokusuwa ari mujeri wemamongi. Rinonyanya kuzivikanwa anogona kunzi St. Bamba echiGiriki, munyori uye zvechitendero, zvakare, somusande neChechi yeOrthodox. Prince Vasili Patrickeyev, vakagamuchira yemamongi zita Bassion uye Basil Kuritsyn uye Matthew Bashkin - vamiriri mu basa Moscow chamber - uyewo unokusuwa mujeri Josefa Volokolamsk. Vakanga vasingafadzi kuna Reverend kuti pachena achitaura nezvokudiwa nestyazhatelstva. dzidziso dzavo akanzi Cathedral muna 1504 manyepo "vaJudha." Volokolamsk, Joseph-Volokolamsk Monastery akava mutorongo Vasiliya Shuyskogo uye akakurumbira munhoroondo muchechi paradzanisa Gerasim Firsov.

Kuvigwa kumonasitiri

Takatodzidza kutaurwa kuti pane guva machinda - hama John uye Fedora Borisovichey. Uyezve, pashure wemamongi muna 1989, akapiwa kuChechi, simba Iosifa Volotskogo dzawanikwa. maketani ake zvaiendeswa wemamongi of Museum "New Jerusalem" muna Istra. Josefa Volokolamsk stauropegic yemamongi akava nzvimbo yakanyarara uye pakupedzisira kuti vakatapwa pano Ivanom Groznym Metropolitan Daniel. Also akavigwa pano Novgorod Archbishop Theodosius. Kumakuva vakavigwa, uye vamwe vanozivikanwa rokunyika ani. It Malyuta Skuratov, musoro Varindi, uye womunda musha Yaropolets Goncharova, izvo chakaita kuti mai-A. S. Pushkinu.

A History Itsva wemamongi

Kamwe kumonasitiri yaiva raibhurari guru, uye kubvira 1777 kusvika 1823 makore, pakanga chikoro vanakomana vavapristi. Asi kupfuura zvose, wemamongi aizivikanwa senzvimbo kuvharira. Mumwewo nzvimbo yayo, masvingo simba akabvumira kushandisa wemamongi sezvo mujeri. Pevhu wemamongi raiva kwete vavengi chete abbot seane uchenjeri Iosifa Volotskogo. Pakutanga nemanomwe remakore zvinochengetwa Poland, uye muna 1812 - yokuFrance vasungwa vehondo. Pashure October Revolution kubva 1917, wemamongi yakavharwa. Kubva muna 1922 kusvika 1989 imomo yaiva nherera.

Joseph-Volokolamsk Monastery sei ikoko

Izvi Kukwezva Moscow Region vagari guru kunogona kushanyira nezuva rimwe. Svika Joseph-Volokolamsk Monastery haisi kuoma, kunyange kana tichida kushandisa kufamba mabhazi. Unofanira kutanga kusvika mumusha Teryaevo. Joseph-Volokolamsk Monastery ari kiromita nawo. Teryaevo asati ingasvikwa nenzira mbiri. Tsanangudzo yokutanga ndiyo iri kuwana chitima Volokolamsk (Riga mirayiridzo). Pachiteshi ndiye bhazi nhamba 31. Vanofanira kuwana kusvika chemabhazi "Valuiki" uye mberi kutevera kuti kiromita kuchamhembe wemamongi. Kusarudza wechipiri nyore: kuenda pechiteshi chechitima Chismena uye ipapo bhazi nhamba 23 kusvika mumusha Teryaevo. Kubva musha vanofanira kuenda kiromita kumavirira.