Ecumenical Councils, uye tsananguro dzavo

Kwemazana emakore akawanda, sezvo inception kwokutenda kwechiKristu, vanhu vakaedza kutora pakuzarurwa kwaIshe kwose kwomwoyo kwayo, uye lzheposledovateli kunaka kufungidzira yake yevanhu. Chivimbo chavo, kurukura dzakafuridzirwa uye kuomesa musoro matambudziko muchechi yechiKristu okutanga kuunganidzwa Ecumenical yevakuru. Ivo vakabatana vateveri kwokutenda kwechiKristu kumakona ose yeGirisi Roman Empire, vafundisi nevadzidzisi fuza marudzi. Period IV kuti VIII nhoroondo yekereke remakore akadana nguva nokusimbaradza kutenda kwechokwadi, makore Ecumenical Councils chakakonzera kuti izvi simba rayo zvose.

Zvaiitika

First Ecumenical Council zvinokosha chaizvo kuti vaKristu vachiri vapenyu, uye kukosha kwavo kunoratidzwa munzira chaiyo. All Orthodox yeRoma vanofanira kuziva uye kunzwisisa kuti iye akatenda, chii chaiva kereke yechiKristu. Munhoroondo unogona kuona nhema remapoka ezvitendero ano uye mapoka, vachiti kana dzidziso yakafanana ndizvo.

Kubva chaizvo zvokuvamba muchechi yechiKristu yaivapo zvechigarire uye tetepa dzidziso, kwakavakirwa dzidziso kutenda - sezvo dzidziso huMwari Kristu, Utatu, Mutsvene Mutsvene. Uyezve, dzimwe mitemo zvave womukati chechi chivako, nguva uye kuti kuzadziswa mabasa. First Ecumenical Council akanyorerwa kuchengeta nyaya yokutenda kwechokwadi chimiro.

The mutsvene yokutanga ungano

The First Ecumenical Council wakaitwa mugore 325. Pakati avo varipo pamusangano Mutsvene Fathers akanga akakurumbira zvikuru Spiridon Trimifuntsky, Archbishop Mirlikiyskiy Nikolay, Bhishopi Nisibis, Afanasiy Veliky, uye vamwe.

Padare akanga mhosva uye anathematized dzidziso Arius, uyo akaramba Kristu ndiMwari. Vakanga kunotenderwa chisingaperi chokwadi pamusoro munhu Mwanakomana waMwari, Baba vake Mwari uye wakaenzana unhu hwamwari pacharo. Church kare vanoti kanzuru tsanangudzo pfungwa yokutenda akanzi pashure nemiedzo refu uye zvidzidzo kuti tisina pfungwa, achipa usimuke kuti bifurcation nepfungwa VaKristu pachavo. Mweya waMwari akatungamirira mabhishopi kubvumirana. Pashure pokupedza Council reNicaea, revanyengeri Arius akatambudzika kwazvo uye kufirwa, asi vake venhema nedzidziso mhenyu ichiri pakati ezvitendero vaparidzi.

All zvisarudzo vakabatwa Ecumenical Councils, havana yakagadzirwa vechikamu, asi kereke madzibaba acho akatenderwa kuburikidza kutora chikamu Mutsvene, uye kungobva Rugwaro. Vatendi zvose zvave kuwanikwa dzidziso dzechokwadi kunounza chiKristu, chakataurwa zvakajeka uye muchidimbu yokutanga nhengo nomwe Creed. chimiro ichi vachiri rikunde.

The tsvene wechipiri

The Second Ecumenical Council yakaitwa 381 pa Constantinople. Chikonzero chikuru chaiva kukura nedzidziso dzenhema bhishopu Macedonia uye vateveri vake Ariane Doukhobors. Vemanyepo mashoko semunhu mwanakomana waMwari hausi consubstantial naBaba. Mweya Mutsvene vatsauki akasarudzwa kuva simba basa raIshe, sengirozi.

On the Church wechipiri dzidziso yechokwadi yechiKristu ravane Kirill Ierusalimsky, Grigoriy Nissky, George mufundisi, zvinosanganisira pakati mabhishopi 150 vaivapo. Madzibaba tsvene akasimbisa dzidziso consubstantiality uye kuenzana naMwari Baba, Mwanakomana uye Mudzimu Mutsvene. Uyezve, vakuru vechechi mvumo Nicene Creed, izvo nhasi anoperekedza kereke.

Third ungano tsvene

Third Ecumenical Council akanga paKokorodzano muEfeso 431, rakaunganidza anenge mazana maviri mabhishopi. Fathers vakasarudza kuziva mubatanidzwa masikirwo maviri muna Kristu, munhu uye naMwari. Kwakasarudzwa kuparidza Kristu sezvo munhu akakwana uye Mwari akakwana uye neMhandara Maria - Amai vaMwari.

Chechina ungano tsvene

Wechina Ecumenical Council, yakaitirwa Chalcedon akanga kuunganidzwa zvakananga kubvisa zvose Monophysite gakava, rwakatanga kupararira vakapoteredza chechi. Assembly Mutsvene, zvinosanganisira 650 mabhishopi, akazivisa chete dzidziso yechokwadi yechechi uye vakaramba zvose dzidziso dzenhema aripo. Vanababa akarayira kuti Ishe Kristu - ndiye wechokwadi, chisingaperi Mwari uye wechokwadi murume. Maererano mwari wavo ari nokusingaperi patsva kubva baba vanhu, iye wakaratidzwa kuti chiedza wemhandara Mariya, kumativi somunhu asina chivi. Munguva pachake vanhu uye huMwari vakabatana muviri waKristu nguva dzose, vasingasiyani uye indivisible.

Zvinokosha kucherechedza kuti Monophysite manyepo vakauya kereke yakawanda zvakaipa. dzidziso yenhema haina kunyatsodzurwa kusvikira kuguma conciliar mhosva, uye kwenguva yakareba rikamuka gakava pakati vateveri revanyengeri Eutyches uye Nestorius. Chikonzero chikuru negakava vaiva mabasa vateveri vatatu Church - Fedora Mopsuetskogo, Ibas pamusoro Edessa, Theodoret Koreshi. Mabhishopi Ndivo mhosva Kesari Justinian, asi kuti yake haina kuzivikanwa zvakasikwa Church. Naizvozvo nharo dzakamuka pamusoro zvitsauko zvitatu.

The mutsvene cheshanu ungano

Kuti vagadzirise nharo nyaya rakaitirwa rechishanu Council weConstantinople. Mabhishopi zvinyorwa zvakanga mhosva zvikuru. Kusimbisa vateveri kutenda kwechokwadi vakasimuka pfungwa vakirisito uye Catholic Church. The kanzuru wechishanu kukwanisa kubudisa unodikanwa zvabuda. Monophysites akaumba munharaunda, riri akaparadzaniswa zvachose kubva Catholic Church uye akaramba kuti afuridzire manyepo vaunze gakava mukati echiKristu.

Wechitanhatu ungano tsvene

Nhoroondo Ecumenical Councils rinoti kuti pakurwisa venhema vakirisito yakatora refu zvakakwana. At Constantinople akanga kuunganidzwa rechitanhatu Cathedral (Trullo), izvo pakupedzisira kwakanga kusimbisa chokwadi. Pamusangano, yakanga wakapindwa 170 mabhishopi akanga mhosva uye vakaramba dzidziso Monothelites uye Monophysites. Jesu Kristu, akareurura masikirwo maviri - naMwari uye nevanhu, uye saka nezvido maviri - naMwari uye nevanhu. Mushure Cathedral monofelianstvo akawa, uye anenge makumi mashanu makore chechi yechiKristu vaigara nekaupenyu chinyararire. kujeka kuyerera New akazviratidza gare gare iconoclastic manyepo.

Wechinomwe ungano tsvene

Last 7 Ecumenical Council wakaitirwa reNicaea muna 787 AD. Rakanga wakapindwa 367 mabhishopi. Saints vakuru vakaramba vakapomera Iconoclast manyepo uye takasarudza kuti mifananidzo havafaniri kunamata izvo inokodzera Mwari oga, uye kuremekedza uye kunamata pochitatelnoe. Vatendi vaya vainamata mifananidzo saMwari pachake, muchechi. Pashure 7 Ecumenical Council yakaitwa, makore anopfuura 25 iconoclasm kunetseka chechi.

Ukoshi ungano tsvene

Seven Ecumenical Councils vari Chinonyanya kukosha kukura inokosha zvinodavirwa muchitendero chiKristu, tinotevedzera chii kutenda zvose zvemazuva ano.

• Chokutanga - mvumo huMwari Kristu, kuenzana ake naMwari Baba.
• Chechipiri - akashora manyepo kweMacedonia, achisiya huMwari Mutsvene.
• Chechitatu - kubvisa manyepo pamusoro Nestorius, uyo akaparidzira kukamurwa godman vanhu.
• Chechina - vaibata kokupedzisira kurwadzisa dzidziso yenhema Monophysitism.
• Chechishanu - akapedza kukundwa dzinotsaudza uye kureurura Jesu unotendwa masikirwo maviri - dzevanhu uye naMwari.
• Wechitanhatu - akashora Monothelites uye akasarudza kuratidza muna nezvido Kristu maviri.
• Wechinomwe - akapidigura Iconoclast manyepo.

Makore Ecumenical Councils akabvumira kuuya chokwadi uye kukwana mukudzidzisa chechiJudha yechiKristu.

Worusere Ecumenical Council

Tichishandisa yapfuura, tateguru Konstantinopolskiy Varfolomey akati kuti tiri kugadzirira mugango-Orthodox Eighth Ecumenical Council. Patriarch akakurudzira vose vatungamiri kutenda Orthodox kuunganidza mu Istanbul kuona kwokupedzisira musi chiitiko. Zvinonzi kuzivikanwa kuti 8 Ecumenical Council inofanira kuva nguva kusimbisa kubatana Orthodox nyika. Zvisinei, ayo convening kumanikidzwa kutsemura chiKristu.

Zvinotarisirwa kuti Pan-Orthodox Eighth Ecumenical Council achange akapfeka kuchinja pane pokufumura mutambi. Seven yapfuura kanzuru kunge chinorondedzerwa uye akataura zvinodavirwa muchitendero kutenda kwose kwomwoyo wayo. Achitaura musangano idzva tsvene, pfungwa ikatsemuka. Vamwe vamiririri dzeChechi yeOrthodox vanodavira kuti tateguru vakakanganwa pamusoro convening kuti mitemo kwete chete, asiwo nezvouprofita vakawanda. Vanotiudza pamusoro kuti 8 mutsvene Ecumenical Council vachava vemanyepo.

The Fathers of Ecumenical Councils

Chechi yeOrthodox yomuRussia rinopembererwa musi May 31 Day Kuyeukwa Mutsvene Fathers, uyo akapedza Ecumenical Councils nomwe. Kuti mabhishopu pokuita musangano, kuti Church akava chiratidzo mupfungwa chechi pachayo. Mumwe murume wacho pfungwa kuzombova simba kupfuura kuomesa musoro, zvemitemo uye nyaya dzakavanzika nokutenda. The Fathers of Ecumenical Councils anoremekedzwa kusvika ikozvino, vamwe vavo vanonzi vatsvene.

kwechokwadi kutenda mitemo

The Holy Fathers vakasiya seri canons, kana, mune mamwe mazwi, mitemo Ecumenical Councils, kuteverwa vose chechi akanyatsorongwa yacho uye vakatendeka pachavo kuchechi kwavo uye upenyu pachavo.

The inokosha mitemo mutsvene musangano wokutanga:

• Vafundisi hadzina kubvumirwa kuzvinzwisisa vanhu pachavo emasculated.
• The dhigirii matsvene hazvigoni kuitwa vatendeuka vatendi.
• A mupristi haagoni kuva mumba mukadzi asiri wake ihama.
• Mabhishopi vanofanira kusarudzwa nemabhishopu uye mvumo Metropolitan.
• The bhishopu haagamuchiri kuwadzana nezvevanhu muchechi mumwe bhishopu. Rule anoraira kuungana mabhishopi 'mari kaviri pagore.
• Kwechokwadi-soro simba vamwe vakuru vakuru rumwe. It hakubvumidzwi kupa bhishopu pasina mvumo mukuru musangano uye Metropolitan.
• Jerusarema bhishopu pamwero kwakafanana Metropolitan.
• Mune rimwe guta angasava mabhishopi maviri.
• Utsinye munhu anogona vagamuchirwe ushumiri rouprista.
• Rawa kuputika kubva dzvene chinzvimbo.
• Anosarudza sei kutendeuka shure.
• Ose kufa inofanira kurayiridza zvakavanzika zvitsvene.
• Mabhishopi uye vafundisi haagoni pamadiro kufamba kubva chimvuramabwe chimvuramabwe.
• Vafundisi haagoni kuita mhindu.
• Zvinonzi rambidzwa wakafugamisa mumazuva wePendekosti uye Svondo.

The inokosha mitemo musangano wechipiri musande;

• manyepo ose anofanira pasi rushambwa.
• Mabhishopi havafaniri kuratidza simba rayo mhiri mudunhu raro.
• Postanavlivayutsya canons Chisarudzo vapanduki vapfidza.
• kupomera All pamusoro vatongi chechi inofanira kuongororwa.
• Church anogamuchira vanoti Mwari mumwe.

Nokutonga inokosha musangano rechitatu musande; chikuru seakafuridzirwa unorambidza anyore chitendwa itsva.

The inokosha mitemo musangano rechina musande;

• Vatendi vose vanofanira kuchengeta zvose zvakabvumiranwa panguva yapfuura yevakuru.
• Kutongera chechi dhigirii mari akarangwa zvakaipisisa.
• Mabhishopi, vafundisi uye mamongi havafaniri kuita munyaya dzenyika nokuda zvakapambwa.
• Monks havafaniri kutungamirira kukodzera achinditendera.
• Monks uye vafundisi havafaniri kupinda muchiuto kana zvenyika chinzvimbo.
• Vafundisi havafaniri kunokumbira munyika chigaro chokutonga.
• Mabhishopi havafaniri kuva muchechi munyaya mukana wokuzvidzivirira vakuru vakuru vehurumende.
• Vaimbi vaverengi havafaniri kuroora pamwe heterodox madzimai.
• Monks nemhandara havafaniri kuroora.
• In dzemamongi havafaniri kutsvaka musha yenyika.

Dzinokwana Ecumenical Councils nomwe akauya mitemo kuti ava kuwanika kuvatendi vose vari mabhuku yomudzimu inokosha.

pachinzvimbo mhedziso

Ecumenical Councils vakakwanisa kuchengeta rucheno chiKristu chechokwadi yakakwana. Vafundisi yakakwirira achiri anotungamirira makwai ake akananga Umambo hwaMwari, pravomysliyu uye kunzwisisa canons uye nedzidziso kutenda.