Hoofed mhuka: kupatsanura uye STRUCTURAL zvinhu

Bhiza, Rhino, Mvuu, twiza, nondo ... Unofungei, chii chinobatanidza fauna of izvi? mhuka yose izvi ungulates. Munyaya ino, tichawana kubva zvinokosha kupatsanura uye STRUCTURAL zviri vamiririri izvi mhuka kirasi.

Hoofed mhuka: zvakajairika zvinhu

Zvamakumbo zvazvakanga zvakaitwa pamwe boka iri mhuka akafukidzwa horny idzodzo - namahwanda. Izvi zvinokonzerwa zita ravo. Hwaro ungulates zvinodyiwa chirimwa chikafu. Panyaya iyi, vane zvakanaka dzakabudirira molars ane pleated nomumativi incisors. Ivo inoshandiswa kukuya chikafu. Mano kutsanya kumhanya, kuvimba zvigunwe, chimwe chiratidzo, ayo mhuka idzi dzinoratidzwa. Ungulates vanewo chinokosha Urongwa yokumusoro muzvidimbu bhanhire - havana akakurukura clavicle.

yokuzviparadzanisa pamusoro equines

Vamiririri boka iri zvikuru pemhuka dzakasiyana-siyana. Ungulates ikashandiswa kupinda squads maviri. Pakutanga uwandu minwe iri rimwe gumbo chimwe kana vatatu. Ndivo vamiririri hurongwa Perissodactyla. Modern taxonomy zvinosanganisira 16 marudzi emhuka. Rakajairika ndivo vari mbizi, bhiza, mbizi, mbongoro, chipembere. dumbu ravo rine nyore chimiro, saka kugayiwa chirimwa zvokudya vari chikamu utachiona kuti vanogara muura.

Non-ruminant artiodactyls

Representatives Artiodactyls yokuzviparadzanisa STRUCTURAL siyana zvechiratidzo mumatumbu hurongwa. Nguruve uye mvuu vari non-ruminant. Vari dzinoratidzwa hombe hunde uye nemakumbo pfupi, riri minwe mina. Dzavo zvomudumbu kwava mutemo nhengo mammalian mamiriro. The dumbu iri nyore, kwete kusiyaniswa kupinda madhipatimendi.

Vamiririri asiri ruminant kuzivikanwa. Somuenzaniso, vakawanda hoofed mhuka - mhuka musii kana nguruve. Zvinonzi nyore kuzivikanwa elongated tomu ane kupfeka "dimes" vakakomberedza wemhino. With payo, mhuka anochera pasi, inobereka zvokudya. Musii anogara kunyanya nemiouki uye Beech anofukidza, gobvu shrub mumatenhere.

Mumwe muenzaniso unoshamisa ndiyo asiri ruminant ungulates mvuu kana mvuu. Ichi hofori chaiyo, rairema matani matatu. Its gobvu ganda inoda kugara unyoro. Naizvozvo, mvuu vari Semi-hwemvura mararamiro. Ivo kunowanzoitika munzvimbo dzinopisa mativi East uye Central Africa. Zvisinei, somugumisiro poaching kuparadzwa vakawanda vavo vanogona kuwanikwa munzvimbo kudzivirirwa.

zvinetsoka hoofed ruminants

Zvinonzi zvakare hoofed mhuka, asi avo runoratidza ndiwo mamiriro chaiwo ari zvomudumbu hurongwa. Saka, vachibatsirwa unopinza incisors vakatema dzinodyiwa zvikamu zvinomera. Chemical kurapwa ari kuitwa nemate, ukuwo mamwe zvokuimba nokugeda - sandara molars.

ruminant kuti dumbu ane unyanzvi madhipatimendi mana. Chokutanga, uye vakawanda voluminous vavo, yainzi rumen. Zvinoitika enzymatic kurapwa zvokudya. Izvi zvinhu varipo vari mate uye dzinounzwa mhando chaiyo symbiotic mabhakitiriya kurarama mudumbu.

Next zvokudya anopinda afoot, uye mhuka regurgitate naro kunyika nomumukanwa mhango. Pano uye chingamu aumba. Iye zvakare yakakanyiwa nemate, dzinodzeya, uye ipapo anoenda dumbu wechitatu - bhuku.

chikamu ichi saka ainzi kwete netsaona. Masvingo aro vane pazvirugu kuti zvechokwadi nemaziso yakafanana mapeji ebhuku. Nokudaro zvishoma ozeyewa zvokudya anopinda wokupedzisira kupesana, unonzi "rennet", iro pakupedzisira iri wakanamatira nokuda kuitwa gastric muto. For ruminants zvinosanganisira twiza, nzombe, Stony, mbudzi, nondo, bison uye nondo.

Akaparadzana dzinovaraidza kwevanhu zvoupfumi basa

Mazhinji ezvinhu ungulates vane zvikuru zvoupfumi kukosha. Chinonyanya unoshamisa muenzaniso kukura kusvika kwose dzenguruve maberekero. Man rava maberekero mhuka richiri BC. e. munguva chinyakare rukoko. Kwakapararira ichi kuitika zvasvika kuonga yakakwirira zvibereko waivako, simba kukosha, vane mwero kuti mamiriro okunze. Pig rutoto ndiye aitungamirira rebazi China mhuka minda, Japan, Korea, Germany, Britain, France, Russia, neUkraine.

"Inwai, vana, mukaka - utano!" Ava vanoziva kuti zvose kubva pauduku tambo anoyeuka mumwe nomumwe wedu. Cow - mumwe ungulates guru kupuruzira kuti vanhu vanoshandisa kwavo zvebhizimisi mabasa. It kuita ruminant kubereka kwete chete mukaka uye nyama, asi ganda inokosha. Murume akatanga domesticate kuzvipfuwo neolithic nguva, asi achiri mune dzimwe nyika, izvo vaiona mhuka matsvene. Vatungamiriri World kweShanduro nyama ndiyo United States, Brazil, China, Argentina, Russia.

Saka akadana ungulates mhuka umo minwe vanodzivirirwa paukobvu horny idzodzo. Vose vari vamiririri mhuka mukirasi. Zvichienderana nhamba reminwe pamusoro makumbo tisiyanise unpaired - uye mahwanda-hoofed mhuka.