Vespertilio: tsananguro, kuparadzirwa, Photo

Vespertilio - duku kadikidiki chiremwaremwa mumhuri Vespertilionidae. Externally mhuka iyi haisi zvakare anokwezva, asi ane inonakidza marongerwo uye nemaitiro kuti rakasiyana nemhando iyi. Ndokusaka zviri mubereko kuti vanoda zhinji mhuka.

waridza

Vespertilio vakagovera pakati nokumadokero Europe, Asia, vaigara munharaunda rweUkraine. It anosarudza kurarama mumasango, steppes uye makomo. Dzimwe nguva kuwanikwa mumaguta makuru. Miti iyi anodzivirirwa zvakasikwa reserves uye akadzivirira nzvimbo pasi pose, sezvo kutyisidzira guru kutsakatika. Izvi kunobva zvinhu zvakatanga kuchinja mune kwazara, zvipembenene, uyewo kunaka vanhu toreva mhando dzose zviremwaremwa.

mashoko chaiwo pamusoro nokuwanda Kozhanov yakanyorwa. Vanonyanya ichiparara. Vespertilio muzhizha rinopedza muchanza miti, attics, dzezvimwe pasi eaves, dombo makatsemuka uye zvichingodaro .. Dzimwe nguva mbeva izvi vagoverane pekugara yavo nedzimwe zviremwaremwa. Zvinowanika muEngland uye muFrance, Norway uye nechepakati Russia, Iran uye China, kuna eHimalaya. Munzvimbo dzakawanda vaiona vanotambura maviri matauriro nedehwe mhando. The Red Book of Perm nharaunda Somuenzaniso, makore mashoma apfuura makapfumiswa nemhuka idzi.

View havaratidzi kunzwisisa, asi pane kufungidzira kuti ndidzo dzaiva nemakwapa Bat nhunzi kure kuti chando nechokumaodzanyemba. Found dzechando maviri mhuka idzi muna Perm nharaunda uye mumapako Bashkortostan. Pane ruzivo pamusoro chando mumapako ari Sverdlovsk nharaunda.

chitarisiko

Vespertilio pakureba hazvirevi kupfuudza matanhatu nehafu masendimita, uye span kwamapapiro ayo rinosvika masendimita makumi matatu. hwemhuka kuti uremu zvichisiyana gumi makumi maviri nezvina magiramu. Izvi mbeva kumusana kwayo shava ane achitevedzera dzvuku bvudzi, mbava. On mudumbu, ane grayish Hue.

Mapapiro chaizvo kujekesa, nzeve paupamhi uye kumativi. Life anotarisirwa ndiyo mashanu nemaviri. Hands akashongedzerwa membranes ndege, izvo vasiyana mujinga minwe. Zvikuru yakatanga superciliary mashizha.

Vespertilio: Maitiro

mhuka iyi zvinotora kure kutsvaka pashure hafu yeawa zuva ranyura, asi kakawanda pakatanga yakadzika yorubvunzavaeni. usiku zvose iye anovhima achibhururuka pagungano kukwira vanenge makumi matatu metres pamusoro kumicheto uye clearings, pamwe gomo mumipata, pakati pemiti, pamusoro steppes uye kunyange mvura. Flying chaizvo makasimba, zvakafanana zvinobhururuka vechornytsi.

Vespertilio anovhima kushandisa ultrasonic vibration kakawanda 25 kHz. Kana mamiriro okunze kuchitonhora chaizvo kana vhuvhuta, ganda anogona yokupembera kuvhima. Munzvimbo ganda apararira zvikuru, iwo anoita vanhu vamwe tupukanana.

Nekuti zviremwaremwa aya mashoma, vatsvakurudzi vakaunganidza ruzivo rwakakwana. Panguva calving vakadzi anoumba mapoka maduku, mune zvisingawanzoitiki nguva huru masumbu, izvo zvinosanganisira vanhu vanopfuura makumi mashanu. Mapoka vanhurume chisvike mazana maviri namakumi mashanu mhuka, asi kakawanda vanosarudza kuva oga.

Kazhinji Kozhany tama, achibhururuka kwazvo kure (rimwe uye chiuru hafu kilometers). Kubva October kuna March, ndidzo dzaiva nemakwapa Bat hibernates. Dzinorara kwenguva refu mbeva izvi, kazhinji oga, uye hwakatamisirwa tembiricha kuti -2,6 ° C. Maererano ayo ezvoupfumi kukosha Kozhany semhuka anobatsira - vanoparadza Zvipembenene zvakawanda zvinokuvadza.

kuchengetedza rudzi

Mumakore achangopfuura, kuderera kwenhamba mhuka idzi. Chikonzero ichi ndicho zvakaoma pamusoro anthropogenic zvinhu zvinoti: kukamurwa nenzvimbo kugarwa mukuvaka ano, mazuvaano zvivako ekare, vakaisa mucherechedzo atiki, achiparadza vazhinji vanhu murume kushandisa mishonga inouraya zvipembenene inoshandiswa delousing nehuni kuchengetedzwa.

Muna 2011, kwakadai akanga kukasawedzerwa Red Book rweUkraine. Kozhan bicolor waidzivirira dzose tsvene uye reserves munyika sechinhu anodzivirira rudzi, asingatani vasanyanye vemo. Kurambidzwa gibernatsiynyh kufunganya uye mazana dzaitongwa. Vakaperekedza kwezvakatipoteredza ndaitaurisa nezvekodzero dzevanhu. Kozhan maviri ruvara akanyorwa muna Red List of EUROBATS, IUCN, uyewo mupanda II zviri Bern Convention.