How kudana vanogara mumaguta? Vagari Kursk - kuryane kana Kurchanov?

MuRussia, uye dzimwe nyika, vakawanda nzvimbo mazita kujairika: Alaverdi, Yoshkar-Ola, Goose-rekristaro uye zvichingodaro. Mubvunzo pachena sei kuzodana vagari nemisha izvi? Somuenzaniso, vagari Kursk - nayo Kurchanov kana kuryane? Nyaya yedu ichakubatsira kubata nyaya iyi.

Ko nzvimbo mazita uye etnohoronimy?

Tisati tapindura mubvunzo huru yacho sei zvakarurama kunzi vagari Kursk nemamwe maguta vanofanira kuziva zvinoreva mamwe mashoko.

Saka, pasi toponym kunoreva nenzvimbo zita upi. Inogona kuva mazita nemisha, dzimwe ndima, landforms, nzizi, makungwa, madziva, migwagwa uye zvichingodaro.

With nzvimbo mazita zvine chokuita, uye dzimwe pfungwa - demonym (rinobva pashoko rechiGiriki rokuti "ethnos" - vanhu). Iri ndiro zita Vagari imwe nzvimbo kana nzvimbo. Uye kwete kuti kuvhiringidzwa mazita etnohoronimy marudzi, vanhu kana marudzi. Izvi zvakasiyana pfungwa.

Zvino unogona kuenda mubvunzo unotevera: sei kuzodana vagari Kursk, Arkhangelsk kana mumwe guta? Uye haakanganisi?

How kudana vagari Kursk, Omsk, Arkhangelsk?

The suffixes inoshandiswa kuumba etnohoronimov ndiko:

• -ts-;
• -ch-;
• -an-, -yan-;
• -chan.

Mazita vagere nemisha unonyora pamwe nguva dzose, pasinei yepakutanga nzvimbo zita (somuenzaniso: New York - New Yorkers).

Zvichida kwete zvangoitikawo Russian mutauro mumwe akaoma zvikuru kudzidza. Vamwe kunyange vanoti kuti hazvibviri kuti kudzidza - zvakakodzera chete kunzwa. Kana tikaongorora siyana zvaungasarudza etnohoronimov, zvino hakusi saka zvakaoma kudavira.

Saka, pane nyore kusarudza. Somuenzaniso: Moscow - Moscow, Kiev - Kiev, Paris - vokuParis, etc. Zvisinei, izvi imhaka yokuti mashoko akawanda panzvimbo mazita munzeve. Asi etnohoronimy chimiro mazita guta akadai Alaverdi, Oslo kana Karlovy Siyanisa? Pano pasina kubatsira philologist kare kuita.

-ts- suffix mumutauro wokuRussia inoshandiswa kuumba etnohoronimov kuti kuitika kubva mazita nzvimbo anopera -ino, -eno, -ovo, -evo. Somuenzaniso: guta Ivanovo - Ivanovo vagari; Domodedovo - vagari domodedovtsy etc. Suffix -ch- chokuita zvekare, rinoshandiswa chete panyaya tsaru maguta Russian (Moscow - Moscow, Tomsk -. Tomich and said).

Kana mazita nemisha kuguma -rm, -tsk kana -tsk, ipapo dzidzo etnohoronimov kazhinji suffixes -imba, YANG, -chan (semuenzaniso, Irkutsk - Irkutsk vagari).

Asi kwete etnohoronimy vose kuumbwa maererano musimboti ichi. Saka, pane mazita akawanda maguta Russia, riri nyore chaizvo kuwana mashoko akarurama uye zvakakodzera chimiro zita vagari vemo. Nenzira, kuvagari Kursk uyewo nhengo ichi nyora etnohoronimov anosara.

kwete sei kuita chikanganiso mumamiriro ezvinhu aya? Kuti aite izvi, pane vabatsiri - chaiwo maduramazwi, rakanyorwa nevanhu gona nyanzvi dzemitauro. Saka, mumwe ava yakabudiswa muna 2003: "mazita Russian pavagari: Glossary".

Vagari Kursk: sei akavashevedza?

Kursk - guta rekare, kamwe chikamu Grand Duchy pakati Lithuania. It rakaumbwa muna 1032 uye nhasi chinokosha maindasitiri, zvekufambisa, tsika uye zvechitendero Nhongonya European chikamu Russia. Mazuva ano guta revanhu vanenge 430,000. Vagari veguta Kursk kugadzira nyika mapurasitiki uye rabha zvigadzirwa, magetsi uye zvokudya. Kune vakawanda tsvakurudzo ne kumayunivhesiti.

Kursk vagari zvakanaka uye zvakarurama kunzi kuryane (kwete Kurchanov). Uye kuryanin - mugari mukono kuryanka - female.

Vamwe chechienzi etnohoronimy

Mune mamwe maguta nyika vakadzi, saka kutaura, uye haaiti Welcome. Kubva panzvimbo mazita aya hazvitomboiti kuti kuumba etnohoronimy zvechikadzi! "Guta-sexist" Izvi zvinosanganisira: New York (USA), Daugavpils (Latvia), Copenhagen (Denmark), Pereslavl (Russia).

Pano pasi dzimwe etnohoronimov kujairika (Russian uye vatorwa):

• Oslo: oslovets, oslovka;
• Cannes: kannets, kannka;
• Shona: engelsity, engelsitki;
• Yaya: yaychanin, yaychanka;
• Arkhangelsk: arhangelogorodets, arhangelogorodka;
• Omsk: ohmic, omichka;
• Rzhev: rzhevityanin, rzhevityanka;
• Torzhok: Novotorov, novotorka.

mhedziso

Zvino munoziva kuti kudana vanogara Kursk. Zvinofanira zvakare kucherechedzwa kuti vanhuwo mitemo inotungamirwa mashoko, etnohoronimov mumutauro wokuRussia haako. Nokuti yega (guta), ndiko kwakanaka kushandisa muduramazwi chaiyo.