How zvikuru ndiyo simbi kupfuura zvinodhura

Kwapfuura makore akawanda kubvira ipapo, muna 1869 D. I. Mendeleev akatanga paruzhinji ayo tafura kwemakemikari zvinhu zvokutanga. Uye nhasi, vanhu vakawanda pasi pano hanya mubvunzo unokosha zvikuru: "Unotii mudane uye zvakadini ndiyo simbi kupfuura zvinodhura panyika?" Uye kana anokosha dzisingadi zvakawanda kana akatendeka zvishoma amiririrwe, ipapo nokuziva zvinhu zvakatoipa simbi zvebhizimisi. vashoma chete achakwanisa zita simbi kupfuura zvinodhura.

Saka, zviri osmium isotope 1870s. In periodic hurongwa Mendeleev kuti zvikuru dzinodhura anokosha simbi riri nhamba 76. Chokwadi ndechokuti Osmium isotope - chakaomesesa zvose zvinhu anovhura vanhu. Zvinoshamisa, asi arambe achirema ari simbi wakaenzana 22,62 g / CC. Osmium akasiyana mamirire kunzwa kwakanaka uye sirivha. Nokuda kwomuviri makemikari ayo zvechadenga simbi yaishandiswa indasitiri yenyukireya, zvishongo mukugadzira uye Pharmaceuticals.

Vachiri kushamisika chii simbi kupfuura zvinodhura pachedu hatizoiti kukwanisa kuona. The ndechokuti nhasi, pamusika pane ferrous nesimbi por 1 giremu Osmium achava kubhadhara vanopfuura zviuru 200. Dollars. Wokutanga ekisipota pamutemo Osmium akanga Kazakhstan, izvo 2004 zvinganaka imwe giremu mari 10 000 $. Kunze Kazakhstan, hapana nyika munyika anopa osmium isotopes, nekuti nedanho kugadzirwa ari zvikuru kunzwisisa basa. Metal yaunganidzwa calcining inonyanya kuti Platinum pane kutonhora zviri 900-1000 ° C.

Tichingotarisa chicherwa kupfuura zvinodhura - California 252. Kubva 2010, mitengo 1 giremu muCalifornia akasvika mamiriyoni 6.5 emadhora. Zvisinei, reserves enyika simbi iri magiramu mashomanana, uye nyika mbiri chete (Russia uye USA) kubereka anenge 20-40 micrograms pagore. The ehupfumi muCalifornia mumuviri kupfuura zvinoorora: chete 1 g anokwanisa emit mamiriyoni 2 neutrons por wechipiri. Nemhaka maitiro aya, chicherwa rakashandiswa pakurapa nyanyisa anomera mukurapa, sezvo pfungwa kunobva vakawanda neutrons.

Chimwe chinokosha simbi ndiyo Platinum. Kana asingadi anoti musoro "vakawanda anodhura simbi," kuti chikamu 5 rakajairika anokosha. Kana tikatarisa nhoroondo, ari Platinum mined kare muna 12-14 emakore, madzinza vaigara muAndes. Nokuti vanhu Europe, akanga atova ari 16-17th emakore. Kukura Platinum nzvimbo nhasi vari kuita 5 munyika: USA, Russia, China, South Africa and Zimbabwe.

Kakawanda berekai Platinum mari, asi kusiyana goridhe nesirivha, Platinum vakatanga chemindi yavo nekaupenyu achangobva.

Metal rave zvinobudirira kushandiswa kugadzirwa okurapwa, mazino uye Laser rwokugadzira. Vakafukidza muviri Ngarava dzepasi pemvura kudzivirira pamusoro ngura.

The Platinum chishongo Indasitiri anewo kukosha.

Muna January 1, 2013, avhareji yemari nokuda 1 giremu kuti Platinum ndiyo inenge $ 70. Huru okutengesa musika kwagara Japan, asi nhasi muchindwi nechivimbo akatora pamusoro China.

Zviya, nerimwe gore munyika zvishongo indasitiri unopisa matani anopfuura 50 Platinum, uye China chinoita vanenge 50% wokutengesa zvose.